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Biomedical subjects

S Jankowski

Publications and source records attributed to S Jankowski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Correlation of serial blood lactate levels to organ failure and mortality after trauma.

To define the value of serial measurements of blood lactate levels after trauma, the present study investigated the correlation between blood lactate, mortality, and organ failure in 129 trauma patients, including 100 intensive care unit (ICU) survivors and 29 ICU fatalities. On admission, injury severity score (ISS) was higher and Glasgow coma score (GCS), revised trauma score (RTS), and trauma revised ISS (TRISS) were lower in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors. Serial arterial blood lactate levels were measured on admission and at least three times a day until normalization. Both initial lactate and highest lactate levels were higher in the nonsurvivors than in the survivors. Organ failure developed in 84 (65%) of the 129 patients. Patients with organ failure had significantly lower RTS and TRISS. Initial lactate and highest lactate levels were significantly higher in patients with organ failure than without organ failure (3.4 [0.7 to 12.7] versus 2.4 [0.4 to 7.6] mEq/L and 4.1 [0.7 to 12.7] versus 2.8 [0.4 to 8.9] mEq/L, respectively, both P < .01). The duration of hyperlactatemia averaged 2.2 days in the former but 1.0 day in the latter patients (P < .01). The data therefore indicate that not only the initial or the highest lactate value but also the duration of hyperlactatemia can be correlated with the development of organ failure. These observations stress the importance of the initial resuscitation in the prevention of organ failure. Serial blood lactate measurements are reliable indicators of morbidity and mortality after trauma.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1995

The role of complement and antibodies in the impaired bactericidal activity of neonatal sera against gram-negative bacteria.

The bactericidal action of serum is one of the mechanisms protecting higher organisms from infection by gram-negative bacteria. Complement (C) activation by the classical or alternative pathways plays a main role in this protective action. The bactericidal activity of normal newborn sera against some gram-negative bacteria is less efficient than that of normal adult sera. The reason for this may be connected with the damaged alternative and classical pathways of C activation and with the decreased levels of third -C3 and ninth -C9 factors of C system. A physiological deficiency of IgM antibodies may contribute also to the diminished bactericidal activity of newborn sera. Impaired activity of sera favours the susceptibility of neonates to bactericidal infection.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Bactericidal activity of normal human serum against Morganella, Proteus, and Providencia strains.

The susceptibility od Proteus, Providencia, and Morganella strains to bactericidal action of human serum was examined. The percentage of survival was determined after one and three hours incubation with 50% human serum. The susceptible strains were treated by serum preparations with blocked classical or alternative complement activation pathways as well as with lysozyme removed. Following mechanisms of the bactericidal action of serum were found: complement activated by the classical or alternative pathway with participation of lysozyme, complement activated simultaneously via both pathways-while the participation of lysozyme was necessary for killing some strains and superfluos for others and complement activated only via the classical pathway without lysozyme.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1994

Studies on the influence of ozone on complement-mediated killing of bacteria.

The role of ozone in the susceptibility of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter anitratus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to serum was investigated. It was found that ozone-treated cells were more susceptible to complement-mediated killing serum. These results suggest that ozone damage or change of cell membrane leads to a more rapid penetration of the membrane attack complex of complement.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1993

Acute dystonia in labour: side-effect of concealed self-medication attributed to epidural analgesia.

Any convulsion during labour requires immediate action, but before this can occur a correct diagnosis must be made. Here we describe a case where a 'fit' was wrongly attributed to epidural analgesia. This was in fact a dystonic reaction secondary to undeclared self-medication with metoclopramide. It is therefore important to ensure that a full drug history is obtained from all patients to exclude a drug interaction or side-effect when faced with unusual and potentially serious complications of drug therapy.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

Intermittent thiopentone for teaching fibreoptic nasotracheal intubation.

A technique for teaching fibreoptic nasotracheal intubation is described. Fifty patients presenting for elective dental surgery received thiopentone by intermittent injection for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia whilst a trainee anaesthetist attempted to visualise the vocal cords using an intubating fibrescope. During endoscopy patients spontaneously breathed oxygen-enriched air and passage of the tracheal tube was facilitated by suxamethonium. Arterial blood pressure, heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation were monitored continuously. Time from loss of eyelash reflex to successful intubation was 113 (90) (35-480) s (mean (SD) (range)). Changes in arterial blood pressure and heart rate were similar to those described in previous studies of tracheal intubation. Haemoglobin oxygen saturation remained above 95% in 43 patients, and above 93% in 46 patients; the lowest saturation recorded was 91%. Intermittent thiopentone provides good conditions for teaching fibreoptic nasotracheal intubation whilst maintaining arterial blood pressure and oxygen saturation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Synergistic effect of cefotaxime and normal human serum on bactericidal activity against urinary strains of Escherichia coli with capsular antigen K1.

About 11% of Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections produced capsular antigen K1. In a group of strains resistant to normal human serum the percentage of strains with K1 antigen was higher than that without this antigen. Cefotaxime and serum showed synergistic action in the bactericidal reaction against E. coli strains resistant to the serum. Lack of synergistic effect of thermally inactivated serum with subminimal concentrations of cefotaxime indicated participation of complement in this reaction. The antibiotic used in subminimal concentrations caused significant elongation of E. coli bacilli.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1993

Ozone as sensitizer of bacteria to the bactericidal action of complement.

The purpose of this study was to answer the question whether the exposure of bacterial cells to ozone results in changes of their sensitivity to the bactericidal action of normal bovine serum (NBS). Our initial studies have demonstrated that contact of bacteria with O3 enhances serum-mediated killing.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1993

[Susceptibility of Proteus, Morganella and Providencia strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections on bactericidal activity of normal human serum].

Usefulness of the test determining bactericidal activity of normal human serum was investigated with 50 strains of Proteus, Morganella and Providencia isolated from patients with urinary tract infections (UTI) and with 50 strains isolated from feces. It was found that strains from UTI were more frequently resistant to the action of normal human serum (50% resistant) in comparison with strains isolated from feces (30% resistant). Strains of Proteus belonging to four species were differing greatly in their susceptibility to normal human serum. They can be ranked as followings: P. mirabilis (49% of resistant strains), P. vulgaris (62%), P. morganii (72%) and P. rettgeri (100%). In studies on interaction subinhibitory concentrations of cefotaxime and normal human serum in bactericidal reaction, a synergism was found only with some strains.

Blood Bactericidal Activity↗
PubMed1993

[Susceptibility in vitro to certain quinolines of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive cocci causing urinary tract infections].

Susceptibility to norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid of 848 bacterial strains isolated from urine of patients treated in 1989-1992 in Wrocław hospitals was investigated. The study, performed by the disc diffusion methods, concerned 568 Enterobacteriaceae strains, 147 Gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria and 133 strains of staphylococci. Highest percentage (90-100%) of susceptibility to all used antimicrobial agents was detected among Escherichia, Proteus, Morganella and Citrobacter. Less frequent susceptibility (30-70%) was observed among Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Serratia. Among strains of P. aeruginosa susceptible to norfloxacin and ofloxacin were, respectively, 61.4 and 22.2% isolates. Over 95% of strains of P. aeruginosa were resistant to nalidixic acid. Among other non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria, over 50% were resistant to norfloxacin and ofloxacin. Both S. aureus and S. epidermidis were susceptible to ofloxacin and norfloxacin in 81-93% of tested strains. They were 2-3 times less frequently susceptible to pipemidic and nalidixic acid.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1993

[Interaction of cefotaxime and normal human serum in the bacteriocidal process against strains of Escherichia coli producing surface K1 antigen].

A comparison was made regarding susceptibility of strains of E. coli to bactericidal activity of normal human serum. It was found that when among strains with K1 antigen over 40% were resistant to normal human serum, strains without this antigen were resistant in only 15%. Sub-doses of cefotaxime (1/2 and 1/3 MIC) together with normal human serum strong bactericidal action against strains of K1-possessing E. coli resistant to serum. Sub-doses of cefotaxime cause occurrence of elongated form of bacteria, starting one hour after addition of the antibiotic. Elongated forms of bacteria are not loosing antigen K1 and this suggest that it probably does not exert a role in protection of bacteria against synergistic action of both studied factors.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1992

Susceptibility of isolates of Acinetobacter anitratus and Acinetobacter lwoffii to the bactericidal activity of normal human serum.

The bactericidal activity of normal human serum against the Gram-negative coccobacilli Acinetobacter anitratus and Acinetobacter lwoffii was studied; 12% and 84%, respectively, of the tested strains appeared to be sensitive. Thus, serum resistance may be an important factor contributing to the pathogenic potential of A. anitratus strains. Three types of bactericidal action were shown. In the first, the strains were killed when the alternative complement pathway was activated. In the second, some strains required both the classical and alternative pathways. In the third variant, the strains needed either the alternative or classical activation pathway.

Acinetobacter↗