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Biomedical subjects

S Jain

Publications and source records attributed to S Jain.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Appearance of homogeneous smectic multilamellar microenvironments in biomembranes undergoing superoxide-initiated lipid peroxidation: lipid-dienyl radical accumulation and fluidity management in lipid bilayers.

Erythrocyte ghosts were exposed to various levels of oxyradical shock in order to identify the extent of accumulation of peroxidative intermediates. Malondialdehyde reacting end products were the same in all different models. But, the accumulation of dienyl radical species increased with higher intensity of oxyradical shock. These dienyl radicals may rearrange to create a homogeneous smectic multilamellar microenvironment which may be more fluid in terms of the molecular dynamics.

Erythrocyte Membrane↗
PubMed1994

Metastatic tumour of the iris: a rare presentation.

Metastasis to the iris is less frequent than that to the ciliary body and choroid. This might be the presenting feature. We report a 40 years male patient, a chronic smoker, who presented with pain, redenss and photophobia in the right eye. On detailed examination and investigations it turned out to be a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus metastasising to the iris. The presentation, difficulty in the diagnosis and management is discussed with review of the relavent literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

In vitro activity of readily available household materials against HIV-1: is bleach enough?

This report describes experiments assessing the effectiveness against HIV of potential disinfecting agents that are commonly available to IDU when they are sharing syringes. We exposed cell-free HIV, HIV-infected cells, and HIV-infected blood containing known quantities of HIV to household cleaning agents, alcohols, peroxide, and highly acidic materials for 1 min, in order to examine the effects of these materials on the infectivity of the HIV. Undiluted liquid laundry bleach and dilute liquid dish detergent reduced the number of culturable HIV to an undetectable level under the experimental conditions used. Diluted bleach was not completely effective. Other potential disinfecting agents, including ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and hydrogen peroxide, were unable to disinfect high numbers of HIV-infected cells or infected blood. Liquid dish detergent warrants further study as a possible acceptable alternative to bleach. Our data provide support for recommendations to IDU that they disinfect shared syringes every time between users with full-strength liquid laundry bleach to reduce their risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV. When bleach is not available, liquid dish detergent or other available disinfecting agents such as rubbing alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, or high alcohol content beverages are more effective than water at disinfecting HIV, recognizing that these materials are less effective than bleach. Although these materials are effective, they should not be viewed as a substitute for decreased sharing of injection equipment by IDU, or increased availability of sterile needles and syringes.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1993

Programmed lipid peroxidation of biomembranes generating kinked phospholipids permitting local molecular mobility: a peroxidative theory of fluidity management.

The lipid peroxidation profiles in the uterus of mature mice show cyclic alterations during the reproductive cycle. Similarly, during early pregnancy, alterations in lipid peroxidation are evident, keeping close pace with the superoxide anion radical levels and fluidity parameters reported elsewhere. This formulates a theory that a 'controlled' lipid peroxidation of biomembrane terminating at the accumulation of cyclic endoperoxides could rather enhance local molecular mobility because of the increased inter-molecular distance in these 'kinked-species'.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of human beta-glucuronidase.

Crystals of human beta-glucuronidase have been obtained by the vapor diffusion method, using 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol as a precipitant. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P222(1), with cell dimensions a = 134.5 A, b = 95.1 A, c = 124.4 A. The unit cell contains two copies of the tetrameric enzyme. Complete native data have been collected to a resolution of 2.6 A.

Glucuronidase↗
PubMed1993

High-speed rotational ablation (Rotablator) for unfavorable lesions in peripheral arteries.

A strategy of using a single, conservatively sized percutaneous transluminal rotational ablation device with or without adjunctive balloon angioplasty was employed in 18 vessels in 17 patients selected because of unfavorable lesion morphology for balloon angioplasty alone. Fifteen patients had lower extremity occlusions and/or heavily calcified lesions and two patients had ostial renal artery stenoses. We were able to achieve a 94% (17/18 lesions) technical success rate, and a 94% (16/17 patients) clinical success rate. In the patients with lower extremity lesions, the baseline ankle-brachial blood pressure index increased from 0.55 +/- 0.15 to 0.90 +/- 0.19 (p < .001) 1 day after the procedure. Follow-up at 6.8 +/- 2.8 months revealed clinical evidence of restenosis in only one patient. We conclude that a cost-effective strategy of treating unfavorable lesions with a single Rotablator burr and adjunctive balloon angioplasty is safe and effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Patterns of metastatic breast cancer in relation to histological type.

We have examined the clinical records fo 1238 patients with operable breast cancer to identify the sites of metastatic disease. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) recurred more commonly in lung (P < 0.05), pleura (P < 0.05) and brain (P < 0.05), while infiltrating lobular carcinoma (ILC) more commonly metastasised to the bone marrow (P < 0.01) and peritoneum (P < 0.01). Bone involvement as the initial presentation of distant metastatic disease occurred in over 50% of women with ILC, significantly more commonly than in those with IDC (34%, P < 0.01). Survival was similar for the two groups, both from time of diagnosis and from time of development of distant metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Reversal of lipaemia retinalis with dietary control.

Lipaemia retinalis occurs as the result of a marked elevation of serum lipids. Combined hyperlipidaemia may occur as a primary familial or secondary acquired abnormality. A case of lipaemia retinalis is described, documented by fundus photographs. A complete lipid profile of the patient revealed marked hyperlipidaemia. The lipoprotein lipase level was found to be reduced 0.3 cu (normal 0.5-2.0 cu). The patient was put on a low-fat diet, after which serial fundus photographs showed an improvement in the fundus appearance. Follow-up lipid profile estimations showed a decrease in triglyceride and cholesterol levels. After 6 months of follow-up complete reversal of lipaemia retinalis was documented. In this case, reversal of lipaemia retinalis occurred with dietary therapy alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Perforating dermatoses: a review and report of four cases.

Perforating dermatoses, an often overlooked entity comprised of Kyrle's disease, perforating folliculitis, reactive perforating collagenosis, elastosis perforans serpiginosa, and acquired perforating dermatosis, are succinctly described, focusing attention on their clinical features, histopathology, treatment, and pathogenesis. The literature on these facets has been extensively reviewed. In addition, three fresh cases of Kyrle's and one of perforating folliculitis have been incorporated to illustrate these conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Dyskeratosis congenita: a case report.

Dyskeratosis congenita, an uncommon situation in females, is described in a 30-year-old woman. The expression of the disease was partial and was characterized by mottled pigmentation, nail dystrophy, palmoplantar keratoderma, and hyperhidrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Secondary syphilis mimicking borderline (BL) leprosy.

A young woman with syphilids resembling borderline lepromatous (BL) leprosy is being described. This is yet another addition to its already well-documented manifestations. The high prevalence of leprosy and syphilis augments the epidemiological significance of the case.

Adult↗