Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Iwata

Publications and source records attributed to S Iwata.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefotaxime in neonates and immature infants].

Cefotaxime (CTX) was used in the treatment and prophylaxis of infections in neonates and immature infants. The following results were obtained. 1. Mean serum concentrations (bioassay) 30 minutes after a single intravenous injection of about 20 mg/kg of CTX were 44.5 mcg/ml in neonates and 47.2 mcg/ml in immature infants aged 0-3 days, 45.8 mcg/ml in neonates and 56.4 mcg/ml in an immature infant aged 4-7 days and 40.6 mcg/ml in neonates and 38.1 mcg/ml in immature infants aged 8 or more days. Six hour values were respectively 10.9 mcg/ml, 17.0 mcg/ml, 4.6 mcg/ml, 13.4 mcg/ml, 3.8 mcg/ml and 2.7 mcg/ml. 2. Mean serum concentration half-lives were 3.0 hours in neonates and 3.2 hours in immature infants aged 0-3 days, 1.8 hours in neonates and 3.2 hours in an immature infant aged 4-7 days, and 1.5 hours in neonates and 1.6 hours in immature infants aged 8 or more days. 3. Urinary recovery rates were 0.8-78.0% for 0-6 hours after treatment. 4. Adequate clinical efficacy can be expected by the intravenous injection of CTX in doses of 20 mg/kg 2 times daily, every 12 hours, in neonates and immature infants aged 0-3 days, 20 mg/kg 3 times daily, every 8 hours, in neonates and immature infants aged 4-7 days, and 20 mg/kg 3 to 4 times daily, every 6-8 hours, in neonates and immature infants aged 8 or more days. 5. The clinical efficacy of CTX was good in all 4 cases of sepsis (including suspected case), excellent in 1 case of urinary tract infection, and good in all 4 cases of fever of unknown origin for a cure rate of 100%. 6. Adverse reactions were not noted in any cases.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1982

[Basic and clinical studies on cefmenoxime in pediatric field].

Basic and clinical studies were made on cefmenoxime (CMX) in pediatric field, and the following results were obtained. 1. The antibacterial activity of CMX against clinically isolated and maintained strains was examined. CMX had stronger antibacterial activity than CEZ against Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but CEZ had stronger antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. 2. The blood concentrations of CMX, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after a one-shot intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg of CMX were 33.6, 15.1, 4.5, 2.5 and 0.6 mcg/ml, respectively, with the half-life of 1.04 hours. 3. The blood concentrations of CMX, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after a 1-hour intravenous drip infusion of 20 mg/kg of CMX were 32.0, 55.2, 8.4, 4.2 and 1.0 mcg/ml, respectively, with the half-lite of 0.96 hour. 4. A complete or partial clinical response to therapy with CMX was obtained in all 10 children with infectious diseases. 5. Bacteriological examination made on 3 patients showed that all bacteria had been eradicated, and that therapy was effective. The bacteria were E. coli in 2 patients and Proteus mirabilis in 1 patient. 6. The side effects produced were neutropenia, eosinophilia and skin eruption in 1 patient, and diarrhea in 1 patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical studies of cefmetazole in the otorhinolaryngological field].

Cefmetazole (CMZ), a new cephamycin preparation, has been investigated to give following results. 1) Pharmacokinetics: Serum and tonsil concentration of CMZ were determined by micropore method in humans. The mean concentrations in 5 cases about 30 minutes after administration of 0.5--1.0 g intravenously were 55.4 micrograms/ml in serum, 21.7 micrograms/g in tonsil. 2) CLINICAL STUDIES: Seventy-one patients with ear, nose and throat infections were treated with CMZ receiving 1 to 6 g per day intravenously (one shot and drip infusion). Thirty-eight of 70 patients were cured excellent, 19 were good, 8 were fair and 6 were failure and effective rate was 80.3%. Adverse reaction was observed in 4 cases. Three cases showed exanthema and 1 case showed fever elevation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Fundamental and clinical evaluation of 9,3"-diacetylmidecamycin in pediatric field (author's transl)].

1. The dry syrup of MOM was administered orally to 17 patients mainly with heart diseases at doses of 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg. In 17 cases, the serum level was measured and in 4 cases, the urinary excretion rate including the metabolites of MOM. 2. The mean maximal concentrations were 0.54 mcg/ml at 30 minutes for the group of 10 mg/kg treatment and 0.33 mcg/ml at 1 hour for the group of 20 mg/kg treatment. The dose response was not observed obviously in both groups. 3. In each of the cases, the sum of excretion rates of metabolites in the 24-hour urine was about 1%. 4. MOM was administered clinically to 39 cases with respiratory tract infections and the overall efficacy rate was 85%. 5. In this study, 5 strains of S. pyogenes were isolated and the eradication rate was 60%. 6. Although severe side effects were not observed, gastrointestinal abnormalities like diarrhea and vomiting were seen in 3 cases. 7. Any pediatric patient did not refuse taking.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

[The experimental and clinical studies on cefsulodin in the pediatric field].

A new cephalosporin cefsulodin (CFS) was studied basically and clinically and the following results were obtained. 1. The serum levels of 25 mg/kg of CFS administered intravenously were 39.5 mcg/ml after 30 minutes, 22.6 mcg/ml after 1 hour, 11.6 mcg/ml after 2 hours, 6.0 mcg/ml after 4 hours and 2.1 mcg/ml after 6 hours. The half life from serum was 84 minutes. 2. Clinical response on 4 cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections were all good. 3. The slight elevations of GOT, GPT were observed by the drug administrations in 1 case. From the above results, CFS was effective drug to P. aeruginosa infections by intravenous administration of 25 mg/kg of CFS.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

Pre-operative intra-arterial chemotherapy for bladder cancer.

Thirteen patients with carcinoma of the bladder have been treated by arterial infusion of doxorubicin hydrochloride pre-operatively. Teflon catheters 0.25 mm in diameter were inserted by the Seldinger technique and the tips were placed in the aorta between the origin of the inferior mesenteric artery and the aortic bifurcation. The doses administered ranged from 80 mgs to 250 mgs with an average of 125 mgs. A response rate of 69% was seen. In 3 cases tumours disappeared; in a further 6 patients some tumour regression was apparent. One patient died from cardiac insufficiency. Although this method of treatment remains to be fully evaluated, preliminary results suggest that it may be an effective pre-operative treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Drinking behavior and the development of hypothalamic lesions from aspartame ingestion in water-restricted weanling mice.

Wealing mice that had been deprived overnight of water, or of water and diet, were offered a solution containing L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine-methylester (APM) or monosodium L-aspartate monohydrate (MSA) as the sole source of drinking water, and/or a diet containing large amounts of APM and/or MSA for 30 min, and were killed subsequently. Only those animals exposed to concentrated (6.64% W/V) MSA solutions developed neuronal lesions in the hypothalamic arcuate nuclei. Those offered MSA in the diet only, or APM either in the diet and/or in solution, failed to develop such lesions. Apparently water-restricted weanling mice lose their ability to regulate subsequent drinking behavior, and consume hyperosmolar MSA or APM solutions whose osmolarity or sweetness would be aversive to humans. Such animals are unsuitable for the safety evaluation of APM.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Fundamental and clinical studies of cefotiam in the field of pediatrics (author's transl)].

The fundamental and clinical studies on cefotiam (CTM) were performed in the field of pediatrics, and the following results were obtained: 1. The peak MIC's of CTM against Gram negative rods such as E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Proteus were 1.56 mcg/ml. The MIC distribution against S. aureus was almost equal to the conventional cephalosporin antibiotics. The MICs against P. pseudomonas and Serratia were over 400 mcg/ml. 2. The mean serum levels of CTM after bolus intravenous injection of 25 mg/kg were 59.9 mcg/ml after 15 min., 30.0 mcg/ml after 30 min., 15.6 mcg/ml after 1 hour. 3. Administration of CTM to 6 pediatric patients produced the clinical responses which were good in all 6 cases and the bacterial effects of eradication in 3 cases and superinfection in the 2 cases in the 5 cases from whom the organism were isolated. No side effect was observed. From the above results, it is considered that a bolus injection of CTM 25 mg/kg t.i.d. to q.i.d. is a safe and useful treatment for pediatric cases.

Age Factors↗