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Biomedical subjects

S Iwarson

Publications and source records attributed to S Iwarson.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Clearance of hepatitis B e-antigen in chronic hepatitis B infection.

HBeAg and anti-HBe were determined by radioimmunoassay (Abbott HBe) in serial serum samples from 22 patients who had been HBsAg-positive for more than 1 year. Seventeen patients (77%) were HBeAg-positive at onset of illness. Eight of these patients were persistently HBeAg-positive during 2.5-8.5 years' follow-up study (mean, 5.4 years). Chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) developed in one of these patients and chronic active hepatitis (CAH) in seven patients. Nine persistently HBsAg-positive patients were transiently HBeAg-positive. Seven of these patients developed CPH, and they all lost HBeAg within 2 years of onset of illness. One patient, who was HBeAg-positive for 4 years, developed CAH with cirrhosis after loss of HBeAg. In five patients, HBeAg could not be detected. They were anti-HBe-positive at onset of illness; four developed CAH and/or cirrhosis, and one developed CPH. Progression from CPH or nonspecific reactive hepatitis to CAH was observed in two persistently HBeAg-positive patients. Prolonged detection of HBeAg in CPH is a reason for repeated liver biopsy to reevaluate the diagnosis. The behaviour of the e-antigen system in CAH seems to be more complex than in CPH, perhaps indicating a different pathogenetic mechanism of chronicity in CAH.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serodiagnosis of viral hepatitis A by a solid-phase radioimmunoassay specific for IgM antibodies.

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay for detecting specific IgM antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV) was developed and characterized. The test utilized microtiter plates coated with anti-IgM to specifically absorb the IgM antibodies from the test serum. The anti-hepatitis A IgM antibodies are measured by the specific consecutive binding of hepatitis A antigen and radiolabelled anti-hepatitis A antibodies (anti-HA). In 6 chimpanzees infected with HAV, IgM anti-HA was detected from about the first date of elevated transaminases and was positive for about 3 months. The usefulness of the test was confirmed by testing acute phase sera of 30 patients from a common source outbreak of epidemic hepatitis, and negative sera from 2 control groups. A collection of serum specimens from 190 patients with sporadic HBsAg-negative hepatitis in Brazil was also tested and an etiologic association with HAV was confirmed in the majority of these cases.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

Adverse reactions to intravenous administration of fusidic acid.

To study adverse reactions associated with intravenous administration of fusidic acid 6 patients were treated with fusidic acid intravenously in association with a major large bowl operation, and 9 patients were treated in the same way because of staphylococcal infections. The main adverse reaction was thrombophlebitis, which occurred in as many as 12 of 14 patients who were treated for 2 days or longer. Three surgical patients developed postoperative hyperbilirubinaemia, but studies of liver function before and during treatment in 6 of the patients with staphylococcal disease revealed no adverse liver reactions. Intravenous administration of fusidic acid into a peripheral vein for 24 h or more involves an extremely high risk of developing thrombophlebitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Acute hepatitis non-A, non-B following administration of factor VIII concentrates.

A retrospective survey on clinical hepatitis in patients with bleeding disorders was performed. Nine episodes of hepatitis non-A, non-B occurred in 8 out of 20 patients (40%) with mild hemophilia A or von Willebrand's disease, who had been treated with commercial factor VIII concentrates. Only two episodes of hepatitis B occurred during the study period. The non-A, non-B attack rate after the first treatment was 40% with factor VIII concentrate obtained from large plasma pools (= 2,000 donors) including professional plasma donors as compared to 8% after treatment with factor VIII concentrate obtained from smaller (100-250 donors) plasma pools from Scandinavian donors.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Children of female renal transplant recipients.

Results of follow-up of 5 children, aged 4.5-9 years, who were born to kidney transplanted mothers are presented. Various immunological parameters were mainly within normal limits with the possible exception of 1 child who exhibited a granulocytopenia which normalized at about 5 years of age. Three children whose mothers were carriers of HBsAg during and after pregnancy have become antigen carriers and show slightly elevated levels of liver transferases. One child has a cardiac anomaly and signs of slight neurological dysfunction. In other respects the children are well and show normal psychomotor and somatic development. The rather sparse information from the literature regarding this group of children indicates a surprisingly low frequency of severe physical complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Multiple hepatitis attacks in drug addicts.

Radioimmunoassays for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), and anti-HAV of IgM class were used to verify hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection in 33 drug addicts with multiple attacks of hepatitis. Hepatitis A was confirmed serologically in 23 (32%) of 71 total hepatitis episodes, while hepatitis B was confirmed in 30 episodes (42%). The remaining 18 hepatitis episodes (25%) were, by serological exclusion, also of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infection, classified as hepatitis non-A, non-B. However, while as many as 13 (39%) of the 33 primary attacks of hepatitis were of the type non-A, non-B, this type was never observed as a third attack. In no case were two attacks of hepatitis A or hepatitis B demonstrated in the same individual, but two different episodes of hepatitis non-A, non-B were observed in one patient. The maximal serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin were significantly lower in patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B as compared with those with hepatitis B. Development of chronic liver disease occurred in only two (7%) of the 28 addicts who continued to be followed up.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Serum immunoglobulin levels in hepatitis non-A, non-B: a comparison with hepatitis A and B.

The serum levels of IgA, IgG and IgM were determined by the single radial immunodiffusion method in 86 patients with acute viral hepatitis serologically differentiated by radioimmunoassays. The levels of IgA and IgG were similar in patients with hepatitis A, B and non-A, non-B, while differences in IgM levels were observed between the three groups. The hepatitis non-A, non-B group had significantly lower levels of IgM than both the hepatitis A and hepatitis B group, a finding which may be diagnostically useful if hepatitis A serology fails.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Intradermal versus subcutaneous immunization with typhoid vaccine.

Swedish nationals about to travel abroard were immunized against typhoid with a monovalent heat-inactivated vaccine which was administered intra- or subcutaneously. No major differences in serum antibody response were noted in the two groups of vaccinees as determined with direct agglutination and indirect hemagglutination techniques. As the intracutaneous route caused fewer adverse reactions this way of administration seems to be preferable.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1980

The clinical pictures of giant cell arteritis. Temporal arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and fever of unknown origin.

In a prospective study, 68 hospitalized patients were diagnosed as having giant cell arteritis. Temporal artery biopsy was performed in all patients and showed histologic evidence of arteritis in 42 (62%). Twenty-six patients had a negative biopsy but met the clinical criteria for the diagnosis. Four different clinical pictures were recognized. Thirteen patients (19%) had symptoms of localized temporal arteritis without muscular discomfort. The polymyalgia rheumatica syndrome without signs of localized arteritis was seen in 33 patients (49%). Seventeen (25%) had symptoms of both polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis. Five patients (7%) had general symptoms only, such as fever, anorexia, and fatigue, without muscular or arteritic symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Hepatitis B and non-A, non-B in a Swedish blood center during 10 years of HBsAg screening.

In spite of routine screening for HBsAg by a sensitive radioimmunoassay, some cases of posttransfusion hepatitis B still occur. The frequency in the Gothenburg Blood Center is 1 clinical case per 10,000 bloods units transfused. About the same incidence has been noted for clinically overt cases of hepatitis non-A, non-B. In contrast to findings reported by others, the latter incidence has been rather stable over the last 5 years.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1980

Long-term follow-up of chronic hepatitis patients with HBsAg, HBeAg and Dane particles associated DNA polymerase in serum.

Nine patients with chronic HBsAg-positive hepatitis and persistence of HBeAg and/or core-associated DNA polymerase activity in serum for at least 1 year were followed up regularly with liver function tests for 2--7 years after onset of illness. HBsAg was present in all patients during an average follow-up period of 5 years. Seven of the 9 patients had persistently abnormal liver function tests. Persistence of HBeAg and/or Dane particle associated DNA polymerase in serum for more than 1 year after onset of illness thus seems to indicate a further long period of HBsAg present in serum and impaired liver function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Interferon treatment in acute hepatitis B infection with prolonged course.

Interferon treatment (3.0 x 10(6) units of human leucocyte interferon) was initiated in a 64-year-old woman with acute hepatitis B infection showing a prolonged course. A decline in serum bilirubin, HBsAg and DNA polymerase activity started during the 10-day period of interferon treatment, and 4 weeks after start of treatment the liver function tests were quite normal. It is possible that the interferon treatment had a beneficial influence on the clinical course of the illness and may be worth trying also in acute fulminant cases of viral hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗