Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Inoue.
Wrapping the mid-femoral shaft of the rat with a Teflon film electret produced a bony callus in 9 out of 10 animals. This model of electret-induced callus formation should lend itself to the histo-biochemical study of electrically induced osteogenesis.
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Intercellular junctions in the alveolar epithelium and in the capillary endothelium in lung from five dogs after hemorrhagic shock (mean blood pressure, 40 mm. Hg for 3 hours) and from five control dogs were observed in the electron microscope using the freeze-fracture technique. Following shock zonulae occludentes (tight junctions) in the alveolar epithelium showed alterations in substructure that were not present in control animals. These changes were morphologically similar to those reported in junctions altered after exposure to osmotic gradients with marked degradation and disappearance of junctional strands. The appearance of tight junctions in the capillary endothelium, which were of a rather poorly organized "leaky" type in control animals, was generally unaltered after shock. Disintegration and disappearance of junctional strands in "focal" regions, however, were occasionally observed. The increased pulmonary capillary permeability observed physiologically after hemorrhagic shock could be explained by such alterations of endothelial zonulae occludentes.
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Sequential long-term cytogenetic studies in 71 children with acute leukemia were designed to investigate the nature of relapse after prolonged remission. In the overwhelming majority of the cases the findings suggested clonal identity of the leukemic cell population in relapse with that studied at the onset of the disease, notwithstanding considerable karyotypic instability in almost half of the patients. In a small minority an independent origin of the relapse clone could not be excluded on cytogenetic grounds but was considered unlikely, since mechanisms capable of accounting for the changes observed in these patients could be demonstrated in other cases. The persistence of diploid leukemic cells in the presence of an aneuploid subclone was demonstrated in the relapse bone marrow and/or spinal fluid in all active phases of the disease. On this basis the conversion from an aneuploid to a predominantly or exclusively diploid karyotype could be visualized, and a new model of clonal evolution, involving repetitive formation of abnormal karyotypes from a surviving diploid clone could be suggested.
Twelve cases of peptic ulcer with diabetes mellitus were found in 165 hospitalized diabetics. All of them had gastric ulcer and no duodenal ulcers were found. The incidence of peptic ulcer in diabetics was comparatively higher than the previously reported series. But there was nosignificant correlation between the duration of diabetes and the onset of gastric ulcer. The gastric ulcer with poorly controlled diabetes showed more intractability than those without triopathy and well-controlled diabetes.
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Dermatan sulfate-chondroitin sulfate copolymers have been isolated from human umbilical cord as a major galactosaminoglycan component of this tissue. The galactosaminoglycan fraction was obtained from this tissue by papain [EC 3.4.22.2] digestion followed by precipitation with cetylpyridinium chloride in a yield of 700 mg per 100 g of dry tissue. Ethanol fractionation resolved 4-5 subfractions differing in relative content of L-iduronic acid and D-glucuronic acid. No galactosaminoglycan containing either solely L-iduronic acid or D-glucuronic acid was obtained. The copolymeric structure of the material in each subfraction was demonstrated by analysis of oligosaccharide fragments obtained by chondroitinase-AC [EC 4.2.2.5] digestion. All the polymers contained repeating disaccharide units, D-glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosamine, D-glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate, D-glucuronosyl-N-acetyl-galactosamine 6-sulfate, and L-iduronosyl-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate, of which D-glucuronosyl-N-acetylgalactosamine 6-sulfate and L-iduronosyl-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate were predominant. Both iduronic acid- and glucuronic acid-containing units were arranged in clusters. The presence of a considerable amount of nonsulfated disaccharide units was noted. The copolymers show extensive polydispersity in electrophoresis on cellulose acetate and gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200.
1. In anaesthetized rabbits which were stereotaxically implanted with a thermode following decerebellation, thermal sensitivity of neurones in the medulla oblongata to local temperature changes was examined systematically. The medullary temperature was changed by circulating water at various temperatures through the thermode. 2. Eighty-seven temperature-responsive neurones were found in the medulla, especially in the medullary reticular formation. Out of these eighty-seven, forty-eight neurones were cold-responsive neurones, while the rest were warm-responsive. Both types of neurones included not only neurones with linear or continuous relations between discharge rate and local temperature but also neurones with non-linear or discontinuous thermoresponse curves. 3. In the medulla a few of the temperature-responsive neurones showed a dynamic reaction with static discharge rate changes to changes of local temperature. 4. Seven neurones out of the fifteen respiratory neurones encountered during the exploration had thermal sensitivity to respiratory alteration of the discharge. 5. with thermal stimulation of a limited area of the skin, over 50% of the temperature-responsive neurones recorded in the medulla responded positively or negatively to changes in the skin temperature.
It was found that pipemidic acid and related compounds have the common property of inhibiting the conjugal transfer of R plasmids carried by Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This inhibition was not due to bactericidal activity of the compounds against donors, recipients, or R(+) transconjugants. However, it was correlated inversely with their minimal inhibitory concentrations, depending especially upon sensitivity of donors to the compounds. The inhibition was generally observed in mating systems using various combinations of 14 R plasmids and 9 bacterial strains. The pretreatment of a donor or a recipient strain with pipemidic acid showed only a small inhibitory effect on the transfer of an R plasmid, whereas the presence of the compound during an active mating caused a marked inhibitory effect.
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Divided doses of 6,000 or 8,000 rad of X-ray were given to the gastric region of ICR/JCL female mice with immune atrophic gastritis produced by the injection with allogenic stomach antigen. The carcinogenic effect of X-rays for inducing gastric carcinoma was significantly increased by this method. Two points can be presented as its reason. First, the pyloric gland mucosa regenerating from injuries by immunization was exposed to the divided dose of X-rays. Second, the marked requirement of gastrin secretion attributable to severe injuries of parietal cell mass by immunization and local X-irradiation acted as a promoting factor on the induction of gastric carcinoma by X-ray for a long time through the trophic effects on the pyloric gland.
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