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Biomedical subjects

S Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to S Inoue.

At least 1,549 records · Page 86Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Hypothalamic obesity. The autonomic hypothesis and the lateral hypothalamus.

Several lines of evidence support the hypothesis that derangements in the function of the autonomic nervous system play an important role in the development of hypothalamic obesity. Vagotomy below the diaphragm, reverses the syndrome. In diabetic rats cured of their diabetes with transplants of fetal pancreatic tissue beneath the renal capsule, ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions do not produce the characteristic rise in food intake nor do they significantly increase serum insulin. These observations indicate that the hyperinsulinaemia following VMH lesions is the result of neural connections rather than from a circulating humoral factor released following VMH injury. The smaller salivary glands, reduced level of glucagon and impaired mobilization of fatty acids during stress in VMH lesioned rats point to reduced activity of the sympathetic nervous system. The impaired mobilization of fat from retroperitoneal depots in VMH lesioned rats during fasting is similar to the effect of sympathetic denervation of the retroperitoneal fat pad. Similarly, unilateral sympathectomy caused an increased weight gain in rats almost as much as unilateral VMH lesions but significantly less than in bilaterally lesioned rats. These studies with fasting and feeding implicate the VMH in the control of the sympathetic nervous system. When atropine and epinephrine were given to VMH lesioned rats, there was a significant depression in basal and glucose-stimulated levels of insulin. Finally when VMH lesions were placed after lateral hypothalamic lesions, the effect of the VMH lesions did not seem to be reduced, suggesting that the two effects are independent. A model dealing with the effects of VMH lesions is presented in an attempt to integrate these findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Structures of O-glycosidically linked carbohydrate units of herring egg sialoglycoprotein.

One of the major fractions of sialoglycoprotein isolated from herring eggs has been shown to contain both alkali-labile and alkali-stable carbohydrate units. Homogeneous preparations of reduced disaccharide and trisaccharide were obtained. Their structures, as determined by methylation analysis coupled with GLC-mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy and digestion with glycosidases, were beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminitol and beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-[alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2 leads to 6)]-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminitol, respectively. No other oligosaccharide was found among the products of alkaline borohydride treatment. Glycopeptide fractions were obtained from the pronase digest of the glycoprotein. The carbohydrate components of small glycopeptide fractions were either galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine or galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid and accounted for 80% of reduced oligosaccharides obtained by alkaline borohydride treatment of the glycoprotein. Threonine was the only amino acid that occurred in molar ratios relative to N-acetylgalactosamine of more than unity in these small glycopeptide fractions. It was concluded that, on average, 4 carbohydrate units are attached to each peptide chain through O-glycosidic linkages between the N-acetylgalactosamine and threonine residues.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

[Abnormal thyroid gland occurred in a colony of Xenopus laevis maintained at Gumma University (author's transl)].

Thyroid hypertrophy of unknown cause occurred in a colony of Xenopus laevis maintained at the Institute of Endocrinology, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan. These animals were kept in small aquaria with well water and fed on minced pig liver. An etiologic investigation was made on the thyroid abnormality by assessing its occurrence and histopathologic features and rearing conditions of the animals in comparison with those of the colonies at Tokyo and Sendai. 1) The occurrence of abnormal thyroids was restricted within the colony of Maebashi. In the colonies at Tokyo and Sendai where animals were maintained in conditions similar to those at Maebashi, no such thyroid abnormality was noted. 2) Female animals tended to exhibit a slightly higher incidence of the thyroid hypertrophy than males. 3) Histological characteristics of the abnormal thyroid found in the colony of Xenopus closely resembled those of thyroid adenocarcinoma in man, i. e. occurrence of numerous small vesicles, multi-layered follicle cells, reduced tinctorial reaction and lowered ability to take up radioactive iodine. 4) Ever since feed replacement with pellets for trout fingerling, no individual with thyroid abnormality has been encountered in the colonies of Maebashi, suggesting that the feeding with pig liver might be a potent cause, besides water quality, for the development of abnormality described herein.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1980

Acute myelofibrosis terminating in an acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a case report.

A patient with acute myelofibrosis developed acute leukemia during the course of her disease. Light microscopic examination showed that the cells were lymphoblasts. The presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and T- and B-lymphocyte markers suggested that the malignancy was of immature lymphoid cell origin. Terminal leukemic transformation in some cases of acute myelofibrosis may be of a lymphoid nature and, thus, less toxic chemotherapy could be used with a better prognosis.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1980

Reduction and fusion of severe spondylolisthesis using halo-pelvic traction with a wire reduction device.

Seven patients with severe lumbosacral spondylolisthesis were treated by reduction of the displacement followed by stabilisation by anterior interbody fusion. In the two youngest patients full reduction was achieved by halo-pelvic traction. In the remainder halo-pelvic or femoral traction was combined with a posterior wire reduction device. All patients achieved a sound fusion with complete remission of symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Cold urticaria associated with immunoglobulin M serum factor.

A case of cold urticaria, thought to be due to IgM, is presented. Passive transfer (PT) activity was manifested in cryoglobulin-free serum and in up to 20-fold dilutions of fraction I, the IgM-containing fraction obtained by Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. PT test results were positive with serum absorbed with cold agglutinins, and with heat-treated (56 degrees C, 4 hr) serum. These results were negative with cryoglobulin and after absorbing the supernatant of fraction I with anti-IgM. Skin adhesion time was within 24 hr. The in vivo histamine release during cold stimulation was recorded and in this patient, antihistamine administration proved the best method to alleviate the symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Structural difference between larval and adult cytochromes c of the horsefly, Musca domestica.

The structural difference between larval and adult cytochromes c of the housefly, Musca domestica was studied. The two cytochromes differed in electrophoretic behavior and amino acid composition from each other. Peptide maps prepared from the tryptic digests of the two cytochromes were also different from each other in several regions. Amino acid analyses of the peptides separated on the maps showed that the primary structure differed between the two cytochromes in at least 5 positions.

Animals↗