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Biomedical subjects

S Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to S Inoue.

At least 1,225 records · Page 68Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Identification and determination of absolute and anomeric configurations of the 6-deoxyaltrose residue found in polysialoglycoprotein of Salvelinus leucomaenis pluvius eggs. The first demonstration of the presence of a 6-deoxyhexose other than fucose in glycoprotein.

An oligosaccharide alditol, dHex-GalNAc-Gal-Gal-GalNAcol, has been isolated from polysialoglycoprotein, which was derived from the unfertilized eggs of Savelinus leucomaenis pluvius (a salmonid fish, Iwana in Japanese), by alkaline borohydride treatment followed by exhaustive digestion with sialidase. First, the structure of the terminal dHex residue in the above pentasaccharide has been assigned as 6-deoxyaltrose (= dAlt in pyranoid form) by a combination of structural methods (GLC, TLC, mass spectrometry, and 400-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy). The occurrence of a 6-deoxyhexose other than L-fucose in glycoprotein has not been previously reported. Next, the absolute configuration of this unusual sugar residue has been assigned as D on the basis of the exciton-splitting study of tris-p-bromobenzoate derivatives of methyl 6-deoxyaltrosides. The usefullness of this circular dichroic exciton-splitting method in the determination of the absolute configuration of carbohydrate components, only available in minute amounts, is emphasized. The anomeric configuration of the glycosidic linkage of the D-altropyranosyl residue was deduced from 400-MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy. The 6-deoxy-beta-D-altropyranosyl residue thus established has the same configuration as alpha-L-fucose but with the C-5 methyl group inverted, suggesting that the biosynthetic incorporation of D-dAlt parallels that of L-fucose, and a possible pathway is also considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Epidural pressure and its relation to spread of epidural analgesia.

The relationships between the epidural pressures following the injection of local anesthetic solution and the spread of epidural analgesia were investigated. In 46 patients, 15 ml of 2% mepivacaine was injected into the lumbar epidural space at a constant rate (1 ml/sec) using an electropowered syringe pump. Injection pressures and residual pressures were recorded and the spread of analgesia to pinprick was assessed. The changes of the epidural pressures during and following the injection of a volume of local anesthetic solution in old subjects were significantly smaller than those in young subjects (P < 0.05). The spread of analgesia closely correlated with the epidural pressures during and following the injection of local anesthetic solution. The most close correlation was found between the epidural pressure immediately after the completion of injection and the spread of analgesia (r = -0.5659, P < 0.001). In conclusion, the lower the terminal injection pressure and the residual pressures associated with higher age, the wider the spread of epidural analgesia.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Amino acid sequence of a cytotoxin-like basic protein with low cytotoxic activity from the venom of the Thailand cobra Naja naja siamensis.

A cytotoxin-like basic protein (CLBP) was isolated from the venom of the Thailand cobra (Naja naja siamensis). The cytotoxicity of CLBP toward FL cells was one order of magnitude lower than those of cytotoxins. The amino acid sequence was determined by a combination of conventional methods. The total number of amino acid residues was 62, giving a molecular mass of 6977 Da. The sequence at residues 25-30 in the CLBP molecule was found to be significantly different from those of cytotoxins. This region might play an important role in the cytotoxic activity of cytotoxins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1987

[Studies on the half-life of C-terminal parathyroid hormone in chronic renal failure].

Subtotal parathyroidectomy (PTX) was performed for patients with hyperparathyroidism associated with chronic renal failure, and from sequential determination of PTH after PTX, the half-life of 2 different C-PTH was calculated. The half-life (T 1/2) of 46 approximately 84 PTH and 65 approximately 84 PTH was 18.1 +/- 3.9 and 14.0 +/- 2.2 hours (Mean +/- SD) respectively. Half-life of both C-PTH was markedly prolonged compared with that (30 approximately 60 minutes) of healthy subjects. It is considered that the longer half-life of 46 approximately 84 PTH than 65 approximately 84 PTH might be attributed to the difference of molecular weight, degrading enzymes and operative procedures. Determined value of C-PTH in chronic renal failure should be evaluated in consideration of prolonged metabolic clearance of C-PTH.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Spread of epidural analgesia following a constant pressure injection--an investigation of relationships between locus of injection, epidural pressure and spread of analgesia.

(1) The spread of epidural analgesia following injection of 15 ml of 2% mepivacaine was 17.3 +/- 0.6, 14.3 +/- 0.4, and 13.3 +/- 0.7 spinal segments in cervical, thoracic, and lumbar epidural analgesia, respectively. The patient's age showed significant correlation with the spread of epidural analgesia in cervical (r = 0.5776, p < 0.001), thoracic (r = 0.3758, p < 0.01), and lumbar area (r = 0.8195, p < 0.001). The spread of cervical epidural analgesia was more caudad than cephalad (p < 0.05), but in lumbar epidural analgesia it was more cephalad than caudad (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the cephalad and caudad spread in thoracic epidural analgesia. (2) The epidural pressure immediately after injection of 15 ml of 2% mepivacaine into the lumbar epidural space at a constant pressure (80 mmHg) correlated to the patient's age (r = -0.5714, p < 0.001) and the spread of analgesia (r = -0.3904, p < 0.05). The lower epidural pressure associated with higher age, the wider spread of analgesia. There was no significant correlation between the residual pressure at 60 seconds and the age or the spread of analgesia.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Cytomegalovirus infections in adult T-cell leukemia patients.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection frequently occurred in patients with malignant lymphoma of T-cell origin, especially with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). This was evidenced by histopathological examination at autopsy, isolation of CMV, and detection of CMV antibodies that indicate recent or active infection. Cellular immune response was suppressed in most ATL patients when examined by skin hypersensitivity reaction to purified protein derivatives (PPD), streptococcal antigens (SuPs), and phytohaemoagglutinin (PHA). None of the CMV-positive patients reacted to them. Thus, the presence of tumor cells of T-cell origin and the absence of skin hypersensitivity reaction seem to be risk factors for CMV infection. Each CMV isolate exhibited unique DNA fingerprints, suggesting that cross-infection of CMV did not occur among the ATL patients on the same ward.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

Age-related changes in the response to vasoconstrictor and dilator agents in isolated beagle coronary arteries.

Responses to vasoactive agents were compared in helical strips of coronary arteries isolated from beagles of 30 days, 3 months, 2 years and 12 years old. Serotonin contracted the arterial strips dose-dependently, the contraction being greater in the arteries of proximal portion than in the distal arteries. The contraction increases with age from 3 months to 12 years, although EC50 values did not differ. Angiotensin II contracted distal coronary arteries to a greater extent than the proximal ones. Age did not alter the peptide-induced contraction. In prostaglandin F2 alpha-contracted coronary arteries, acetylcholine-induced relaxations, dependent on endothelium, were less in the arteries from senescent beagles than in those from adult beagles (2 years old). Histamine relaxed the infant beagle arteries to a lesser extent than the adult and senescent beagle arteries. Histamine-induced relaxations were attenuated selectively by cimetidine. Relaxations caused by adenosine and prostaglandin I2 did not differ in coronary arteries from beagles of different ages. It may be concluded that greater responsiveness to serotonin of senescent beagle coronary arteries is due preferentially to increased function of serotonergic receptors rather than impaired function of the arterial endothelium responsible for the release of relaxing factor(s), although some impairment of the function is supposed, on the basis of interferences with acetylcholine-induced relaxation in the aged beagle arteries. Histaminergic H2 receptor function appears to develop in beagle coronary arteries until 3 months of age.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1987

Localization of polysialoglycoprotein as a major glycoprotein component in cortical alveoli of the unfertilized eggs of Salmo gairdneri.

Polysialoglycoprotein (PSGP, 200 kDa), first isolated by S. Inoue and M. Iwasaki in 1978 (Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 83, 1018-1023) from unfertilized eggs of rainbow trout, has been shown to comprise a unique class of glycoproteins associated with the exocytosis of cortical alveoli. In 1986, 200-kDa PSGP was shown to undergo proteolytic depolymerization to 9-kDa PSGP on egg fertilization (activation) and there was an indication that 200-kDa PSGP may possibly be a component of cortical alveoli (J. Biol. Chem. 261, 5256-5261). In this paper we present evidence demonstrating that PSGP is actually a component of cortical alveolus. First, a cortical alveolus-rich fraction (CA fraction) was obtained by low-speed centrifugation of the homogenate of unfertilized eggs of rainbow trout. The 200-kDa PSGP was found to be a major component extractable with buffered saline from the CA fraction by chemical analysis of isolated materials. Treatment of the eggs to induce parthenogenetic activation resulted in all cases in the loss of both cortical alveoli and PSGP in the CA fraction. Second, perivitelline space fluid was isolated from the activated eggs of rainbow trout and analyzed, and 9-kDa PSGP was confirmed to be present as a major proteinaceous component. Third, following incubation of the eggs in water for activation, the time course of the appearance of 9-kDa PSGP and the breakdown of 200-kDa PSGP was observed. The formation of 9-kDa PSGP was detected in the eggs after 1 min of incubation and its level rose rapidly, attaining a maximum at 7 min after incubation. During this period, there was a concomitant fall in the level of 200-kDa PSGP. This formation and rapid increase in 9-kDa PSGP correspond directly to the time course of cortical alveolus exocytosis in activated chum salmon eggs recently studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Smoke inhalation injury from newer synthetic building materials--a patient who survived 205 days.

A 25-year-old factory worker sustained inhalation injury and 2 per cent deep burns while fighting a fire in his factory (LSI factory) which was made of new synthetic building materials. He became unconscious and inhaled noxious substances from the smoke. Although he survived the acute stages following injury, his pulmonary function subsequently deteriorated with a damaged trachea and bronchi, repeated attacks of pneumonia, atelectasis, pneumothorax and lung fibrosis, leading to death with hypercapnia (PaCO2 more than 100 mmHg) after 205 days in hospital. Autopsy revealed scarring contraction and dilatation of the trachea and bronchi, acquired bronchiectasis, lobular pneumonia, bleeding, hyperaemia and oedema of the lungs. Systemic administration of corticosteroids was only transiently beneficial in reducing the increased airway resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of doxorubicin and cisplatin on multicellular tumor spheroids from human lung cancer.

We tested the sensitivity to doxorubicin (DXR) and cisplatin (DDP) of multicellular tumor spheroids (MTS) developed from 2 human lung cancer cell lines; PC-10 squamous cell carcinoma and PC-6 small cell carcinoma. DDP was able to maintain its efficacy in MTS: PC-10 MTS were only 3-fold more resistant to DDP than in monolayer and in PC-6 cells DDP induced cell lethality was essentially unchanged irrespective of cells being in a monolayer or MTS. Atomic absorption spectrometry revealed that DDP uptake was essentially identical, irrespective of cells being in monolayer or MTS. DDP's efficient cell kill effects in MTS seems to be explained by its good penetration into the MTS core. In contrast to DDP, these 2 types of cells responded differently to DXR. Thus, PC-10 MTS became progressively more resistant to DXR when their size increased, whereas the susceptibility of PC-6 MTS tended to increase when the MTS grew larger. Fluorescent microscopic study revealed that prominent DXR fluorescence was observed only at the outer layer of PC-10 MTS. In PC-6 MTS, however, DXR fluorescence was diffusely seen in the entire MTS at low concentrations; nevertheless, owing to PC-6 cells' high sensitivity DXR was able to exert cell lethality. The differences in distribution of DXR fluorescence between PC-10 and PC-6 MTS were corroborated by flow cytometric analysis.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1987

Hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical features and long-term prognosis.

Ninety-eight hepatic resections for hepatocellular carcinoma were performed on 94 patients from 1963-1985. HBs antigen was positive in 17% of patients, preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein was more than 20 ng/mL in 70% of patients, and liver cirrhosis was present in 75% of patients. Hospital mortality rate was 19%, and the volume of operative blood loss was the most decisive factor that affected the short-term prognosis. Excluding the 19 hospital deaths, the long-term survival rates of 75 patients were 73%, 42%, and 25% for 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Prognostic factors that influenced the long-term prognosis were investigated by comparing the survival curves. Significant differences of survival patterns were noted when analyzed on the basis of preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level (less than or equal to 200 vs. greater than 200 ng/mL), tumor size (less than or equal to 5 vs. greater than 5 cm), and tumor capsule. The recurrence of carcinoma was the main cause of death in 56% (42 patients) who died after discharge from the hospital. The development of effective prevention and treatment against recurrent tumors is necessary to improve long-term prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effects of pemphigus antibody on the regeneration of cell-cell contact in keratinocyte cultures grown in low to normal Ca++ concentration.

Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disease of epidermal cells in which autoantibodies to the surface develop. The present study was performed to determine whether the binding of pemphigus antibodies to the surface of keratinocytes can inhibit the regeneration of cell-cell contact induced by altering from low to normal Ca++ concentration medium. Human keratinocytes (a cell line of squamous cell carcinoma, DJM-1 cell) were grown in low Ca++ medium for 4 days, then the cells were incubated in normal Ca++ medium containing 10% pemphigus (4 patients with pemphigus vulgaris and 4 patients with pemphigus foliaceus) or normal serum (treated at 56 degrees C, for 30 min) for various incubation periods (2, 6, 12, 24 h). The cells were fixed and stained with antikeratin antibody by the indirect immunofluorescence method so that the detachment of cell-cell contact was able to be clearly visualized by observing the cytoskeletal arrays of keratin filaments. The cells grown in normal Ca++ medium showed detachments of cell-cell contact 24-36 h after addition of any one of the pemphigus sera used in this study. The cells grown in low Ca++ medium formed no cell-cell contacts and expressed no pemphigus antigens. However, re-formation of cell-cell contacts and reexpression of the antigens were confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy 30 min after the addition of Ca++ to the medium. The addition of any pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus sera with Ca++ did not inhibit the regeneration of cell-cell contact and exerted no effects on the contact during the subsequent 12 h. However, after 24 h, these cells again lost the contact. These results indicate that pemphigus antibody and antigen reaction on the cell surface did not directly inhibit the Ca++-induced re-formation of cell-cell contact.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1987

Clinical usefulness of a highly sensitive enzyme-immunoassay of TSH.

Using a recently developed sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for TSH, serum TSH levels in normal subjects and patients with various thyroid disorders were measured. The minimum detectable concentration was less than 0.005 mU/l. An excellent correlation was observed between TSH values measured by EIA and by sensitive radioimmunoassay (r = 0.932). In 26 normal subjects, serum TSH ranged from 0.30 to 2.65 mU/l (geometric mean 0.97 mU/l). In 27 untreated hyperthyroid Graves' patients, serum TSH was detected in all but one, ranging from 0.005 to 0.19 mU/l (geometric mean 0.040). These values were proved to be specific for human TSH by absorption, recovery, cross-reactivity and dilution studies; non-specific serum effects were also ruled out. In 10 patients with destructive thyroiditis, similar TSH values (0.005-0.20 mU/l, mean 0.032) were observed. However, no significant correlations between TSH and circulating thyroid hormone levels were observed in these thyrotoxic conditions. Furthermore, 9 untreated Graves' patients did not respond to a single i.v. injection of TRH. In 13 hypothyroid patients with hypothalamo-pituitary disorders, 10 had basal TSH levels of less than 0.4 mU/l, and TRH tests in five gave peak TSH values of more than 0.8 mU/l, which were associated with significant increases in serum T3. In three patients with Sheehan's syndrome, elevated basal TSH levels were observed. Two of them responded to TRH, but these TSH elevations were not associated with T3 increases. In conclusion, this sensitive EIA could measure TSH levels in most patients with thyrotoxicosis and central hypothyroidism. However, the true significance of these measured values needs to be elucidated by future studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Role of the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve in liver regeneration in rats.

The role of the vagus nerve in liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy was examined by comparing the effects of hepatic vagotomy (sectioning of the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve) with those of subdiaphragmatic vagotomy in rats. Hepatic vagotomy delayed but did not suppress the increase in the rate of hepatic DNA synthesis and the activity of thymidine kinase after partial hepatectomy. On the other hand, subdiaphragmatic vagotomy delayed and suppressed these indices. The time courses of restoration of liver DNA content after partial hepatectomy were not affected by hepatic vagotomy. However, this index was both delayed and suppressed in subdiaphragmatic vagotomized rats. Hepatic vagotomy did not affect the daily food intake or the body weight increase after partial hepatectomy. However, subdiaphragmatic vagotomy caused considerably more loss of food intake and body weight. There were no differences in the plasma insulin levels after partial hepatectomy among three groups. We concluded that a vagal specific effect is evident in the delay but fails to suppress liver regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of peptide bond splitting on ouabain sensitive conformational changes in Na+,K+-ATPase treated with N-[p-(2-benzimidazolyl)phenyl]maleimide.

Trypsin treatment of N-[p-(2-benzimidazolyl)phenyl]maleimide modified enzyme caused a marked reduction in Na+,K+-ATPase activity and in the amount of the alpha-chain, which contains the phosphorylation and ouabain binding sites. However, these preparations retained nearly 90% of the ouabain binding capacity and showed ouabain sensitive dynamic fluorescence changes accompanying the hydrolysis of ATP. The data showed that the three dimensional structure of Na+,K+-ATPase, which is important in the dynamic fluorescence change, is little affected in spite of extensive covalent bond splitting in the alpha-chain of Na+,K+-ATPase.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗