Impact of circulating p53 autoantibody monitoring after endoscopic resection in mucosal gastric cancer.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
S Hori
Publications and source records attributed to S Hori.
The ability in adhesion and invasion of drug-resistant human glioma cells.
Drug-resistance is critical in treating malignant tumors, and a variety of treatments are given to control it. Little study has been done, however, on biological changes in tumor cell activity in the course of acquiring drug-resistance. We used a glioma cell line to study changes in cell adhesion and invasion on acquiring drug-resistance. Human glioma culture cell line IN157 was used to establish the cell lines resistant to etoposide (VP-16), vincristine sulfate (VCR), and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). Expressions of integrin alpha2, alpha3, alpha5, and beta1, neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were examined by flow cytometry. In drug-resistant cells, integrin expression was enhanced and NCAM expression was reduced. Adhesions to the extracellar matrix (ECM) proteins (laminin, fibronectin or type IV collagen) were studied. The adhesive ability of all cell lines increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Adhesion of drug-resistant cells was significantly stronger than that of IN157. The cell invasion of drug-resistant cell lines to the basal membrane was significantly lower than that of IN157. The cell invasion of IN157 was significantly suppressed by adding anti-NCAM antibody. In the case of IN157 with the acquisition of drug-resistance, an increase in the expression of integrins may have enhanced the adhesion to ECM proteins. This finding may be concerned with the decreased activity of drug-resistant cell lines in invading the basement membrane. NCAM expression in drug-resistant cell lines was reduced and anti-NCAM antibody abated invasion of IN157, suggesting that NCAM is involved in IN157 invasion.
Animals↗
[Current status and future of emergency medicine--a view from the practice: discussion].
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Emergency Medical Technicians↗
A human IAP-family gene, apollon, expressed in human brain cancer cells.
IAP is a family of protein that has baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR) domains and inhibits apoptosis. We found a human IAP family gene, which we named Apollon, encoding a huge protein (530 kDa) that contains a single BIR domain and a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme domain, that is a human homolog of BRUCE. Apollon protein was expressed in four of six brain cancers (gliomas), and one of five ovarian cancers in 38 human cancer cell lines that we examined. Among the brain cancer cell lines, SNB-78 expressed a high level of Apollon, and this cell line shows resistance against various anticancer drugs. Treating SNB-78 cells with antisense oligonucleotide against Apollon reduced the expression of Apollon protein, and significantly sensitized the cells to apoptosis induced by cisplatin and camptothecin. These results suggest that Apollon protects SNB-78 cells from undergoing apoptosis and, at least in part, plays a role in tumorigenesis and drug resistance of this cell line.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Expression, secretion, and inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme is present in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells and which types of epithelial cells possess this enzyme. It is well known that serum promotes squamous differentiation of airway epithelial cell culture in vitro. We found that whole-cell homogenates of both basal (serum-untreated) and squamous-differentiated bronchial epithelial cells degraded hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine, a synthetic substrate for angiotensin-converting enzyme. Analysis of RNA expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed the presence of mRNA for angiotensin-converting enzyme in both types of cells. In addition, we found that squamous cells secreted the enzyme into the culture medium more than basal cells did. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (imidaprilat, enalaprilat) inhibited the enzyme activity in bronchial epithelial cells with an IC50 of 0.9-3.6 nM. Exogenously added bradykinin was degraded to bradykinin-(1-5), an inactive fragment, in the squamous cell cultures. Our data indicate the presence of angiotensin-converting enzyme in cultured human bronchial epithelial cells and also that the enzyme is secreted by squamous differentiated cells.
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
Calpain inhibitor entrapped in liposome rescues ischemic neuronal damage.
Transient forebrain ischemia induces activation of calpain and proteolysis of a neuronal cytoskeleton, fodrin, in gerbil hippocampus. This phenomenon precedes delayed neuronal death in hippocampal CA1 neurons. We examined effects of a calpain inhibitor on delayed neuronal death after transient forebrain ischemia. In gerbils, a selective calpain inhibitor entrapped in liposome was given transvenously and 30 min later, 5-min forebrain ischemia was produced by occlusion of both common carotid arteries. On day 7, CA1 neuronal damage was examined in the hippocampal slices stained with cresyl violet. Calpain-induced proteolysis of fodrin was also examined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblot. Additionally, to assure entrapment of the inhibitor by CA1 neurons, the inhibitor-liposome complex was labeled with FITC and given to gerbils. Fluorescence in the hippocampal slices was examined by confocal laser scanning microscope. Selective CA1 neuronal damage induced by forebrain ischemia was prevented by administration of the inhibitor in a dose-dependent manner. Calpain-induced proteolysis of fodrin was also extinguished by the calpain inhibitor in a dose-dependent manner. Bright fluorescence of the FITC-labeled inhibitor was observed in the CA1 neurons. The data show an important role of calpain in the development of the ischemic delayed neuronal death. Calpain seems to produce neuronal damage by degrading neuronal cytoskeleton. Our data also show a palliative effect of the calpain inhibitor on the neurotoxic damage, which offers a new and potent treatment of transient forebrain cerebral ischemia.
Animals↗
Peritoneal lavage cytology findings as prognostic factor for gastric cancer.
The validity of lavage cytology for accurate gastric cancer staging is demonstrated in this study. Between 1988 and 1996, 29 cases (8. 4%) were revealed as positive among 347 patients with resectable gastric cancer in whom peritoneal lavage cytology was performed. The survival rate of cytology-positive patients in each stage was found to be worse than that of all other patients in the same stage. The prognostic factors selected by the univariate analysis were enrolled for multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model with the backward stepwise procedure. As a result, although cytology finding was selected as an independent prognostic factor, macroscopic finding of dissemination was not selected. Our data indicate that positive cytology findings indicated a poor prognosis, and therefore the results of peritoneal lavage cytology should be included as a factor in gastric cancer staging.
Analysis of Variance↗
Effects of tension at the site of coaptation on recovery of sciatic nerve function after neurorrhaphy: evaluation by walking-track measurement, electrophysiology, histomorphometry, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis.
The effects of tension at the site of coaptation on recovery of sciatic nerve function after neurorrhaphy were studied by evaluating walking-track measurements, nerve conduction velocity measurements, histomorphometry, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Forty adult male Lewis rats underwent right sciatic nerve (SN) transection followed by one of four different nerve repair procedures (N = 10 rats per group). In Group 1, the gap was repaired by end-to-end epineural coaptation. In Group 2, a 5-mm segment of SN was resected, and the defect was repaired under high tension by epineural neurorrhaphy. In Group 3, a 5-mm segment of SN was resected, and the defect was repaired with a 5-mm interposition nerve graft. In Group 4, a 5-mm segment of SN was resected. Then, to lessen the tension that follows neurorrhaphy, an anchoring suture was added. Finally, end-to-end coaptation was performed. Walking-track analysis showed better functional recovery in Group 1 than in Group 2, and better recovery in Group 3 than in Group 2. Group 4 showed a tendency toward better recovery comparing with Group 2. Electron probe X-ray microanalysis revealed higher Na, Cl, and K peaks in axoplasm accompanied by increase in the endoneural fluid pressure (EFP) in Group 2 than those of Group 1. This higher level of Na, Cl and K may be due to impairment of axonal sodium and potassium transport mechanism in Group 2. Increase in EFP may affect nerve regeneration.
Action Potentials↗
Manganese deposition in the brain following parenteral manganese administration in association with radical operation for esophageal cancer: report of a case.
We report herein the case of a patient in whom manganese (Mn) deposition in the basal ganglia was detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) subsequent to thoracic esophagectomy, performed following perioperative parenteral nutrition. A multi-trace-element supplement solution which included 20 micromol of Mn per day had been parenterally administered for 7 days preoperatively and 21 days postoperatively. The serum level of total bilirubin reached a maximum value of 5.1 mg/dl postoperatively. The T1-weighted MRI on the 32nd postoperative day demonstrated bilateral and symmetrical hyperintense lesions in the globus pallidus and the whole-blood Mn level on the 34th postoperative day was 4.9 microg/l, the normal range being 0.8-2.5 microg/l. This hyperintensity on T1-weighted MRI was gradually improved following normalization of the blood Mn level. This case report serves to demonstrate that even short-term perioperative parenteral nutrition may result in Mn deposition in the brain following radical surgery for esophageal cancer, especially in patients with hyperbilirubinemia.
Aged↗
A case of traumatic shock complicated by methamphetamine intoxication.
A case of a 38-year-old male with traumatic shock complicated by methamphetamine intoxication is presented. The patient was involved in an assault which resulted in cardiac tamponade and right ventricular outflow laceration. Pericardiocentesis was immediately performed. However, profound metabolic acidosis greatly in excess of that expected from the short duration of the shock was revealed by arterial blood gas analysis. Another cause of the metabolic acidosis was suspected. The patient subsequently admitted to intravenous use of methamphetamine. Following hemodynamic and metabolic stabilization by continuous pericardial drainage and intravenous administration of sodium bicarbonate, the patient underwent cardiac surgery. His postoperative course was uneventful. There is a substantial association between methamphetamine users and traumatic accidents. In such cases, early identification of drug use is important. Marked metabolic acidosis, which conflicts with the diagnosed cause of shock, may be a clinical clue to methamphetamine intoxication.
Acidosis↗
A case of hypothalamic hamartoma associated with arachnoid cyst.
A 14-year-old girl presented with seizures. Radiological examinations revealed an arachnoid cyst in left middle fossa and a cystic mass in the interpeduncular cistern. The cyst was opened and the wall of the cyst and a mass were biopsied. The histological findings were characteristic of an arachnoid cyst and hamartoma, respectively. A hypothalamic hamartoma associated with an arachnoid cyst is comparatively rare; however, such a case may help clarify the genesis of this malformation.
Adolescent↗
Role of xanthine oxidase in delayed lipid peroxidation in rat liver induced by acute exhausting exercise.
The aim of this study was to examine whether xanthine oxidase (XOD)-derived hepatic oxidative damage occurs in the main not during but following strenuous exercise. The degree of damage to hepatic tissue catalyzed by XOD was investigated immediately and 3 h after a single bout of exhausting exercise, in allopurinol and saline injected female Wistar rats. Allopurinol treatment resulted in increased hypoxanthine and decreased uric acid contents in the liver compared with the saline treated group, immediately and 3 h after the exercise. Analysis immediately after the exercise showed no changes in hepatic hypoxanthine, uric acid, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) contents in the saline treated group, when compared with the resting controls. However, significant increases in uric acid contents in the saline treated livers were observed 3 h after the exercise, relative to the controls. Hepatic TBARS content in the saline treated group were markedly greater than those in both the control and allopurinol treated groups after 3 h of recovery following the exercise. It was concluded that a single bout of exhausting exercise may impose XOD-derived hepatic oxidative damage, primarily during the recovery phase after acute severe exercise.
Allopurinol↗
Self-organization of the heartbeat as coordination among ventricular myocardial cells through mechano-electrical feedback.
To elucidate the mechanism of the self-organizing control of heartbeats, models that include the electrical and mechanical processes of heartbeat are proposed. As the mutual interaction between the two processes, mechano-electrical feedback (MEF), mediated by stretch-activated ionic channels, is considered. Analyses of the models show that coordination of beats among myocardial cells is established by MEF even in the absence of electrical coupling. The coordination of heartbeats is found to show in-phase synchronization under normal conditions, while it is out of phase or irregular under mechanically abnormal conditions. It is concluded that coupling by MEF is important for the self-organization of heartbeats.
Animals↗
Influence of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation on the course of diabetic retinopathy.
PURPOSE: To study the effect of phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation on the course of diabetic retinopathy using the nonoperated fellow eye as a control. SETTING: Departments of Ophthalmology, Diabetes Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, and University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. METHODS: One eye of 66 diabetic patients who preoperatively had a similar stage of retinopathy in both eyes or no retinopathy bilaterally had cataract surgery. The course of diabetic retinopathy was followed for 1 year postoperatively. Patients were placed into 1 of 2 groups: Group A, progression of retinopathy in the operated eye was attributable to the surgical invasion (i.e., there was progression of retinopathy only in the operated eye or more progression in the operated eye than in the nonoperated fellow eye); Group B, no deterioration of retinopathy bilaterally, comparable level of deterioration in both eyes, or greater progression in the nonoperated eye than in the operated eye. RESULTS: Surgery resulted in retinopathy progression in 16 patients (24.2%, Group A): 13 with unilateral deterioration and 3 with greater progression in the operated than in the nonoperated fellow eye. Of the remaining 50 patients (75.8%, Group B), 39 presented no significant progression in either eye, 8 had bilaterally comparable progression, and 3 showed progression in the nonoperated fellow eye only. Retinopathy worsened in the operated eye in 24 cases (36.3%); of these, changes in 16 patients were attributed to surgical influence. There was no significant difference between Groups A and B in age, diabetes mellitus duration, diabetes treatment method, and preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin A1c levels. The distribution of preoperative retinopathy stage significantly differed between groups, with more patients without retinopathy in Group A and more patients with advanced retinopathy in Group B. CONCLUSION: Factors such as age, diabetes mellitus duration, diabetes treatment method, and hemoglobin A1c level did not affect the progression of retinopathy; however, preoperative status of retinopathy may influence the susceptibility of the retinopathy to surgical invasion. A considerable proportion of eyes with aggravation of retinopathy would reflect the natural course of the disease, systemic factors, or both rather than the influence of cataract surgery.
Adult↗
Multiresidue analysis of pesticides in vegetables and fruits using a high capacity absorbent polymer for water.
A single extraction and a single clean-up procedure was developed for multi-residue analysis of pesticides in non-fatty vegetables and fruits. The method involves the use of a high capacity absorbent polymer for water as a drying agent in extraction from wet food samples and of a graphitized carbon column for clean-up. A homogeneously chopped food sample (20 g) and polymer (3 g) were mixed to absorb water from the sample and then 10 min later the mixture was vigorously extracted with ethyl acetate (100 ml). The extract (50 ml), separated by filtration, was loaded on a graphitized carbon column without concentration. Additional ethyl acetate (50 ml) was also eluted and both eluates were concentrated to 5 ml for analysis. The procedure for sample preparation was completed within 2 h. In a recovery test, 107 pesticides were spiked and average recoveries were more than 80% from asparagus, orange, potato and strawberry. Most pesticides were recovered in the range 70-120% with usually less than a 10% RSD for six experiments. The results indicated that a single extraction with ethyl acetate in the presence of polymer can be applied to the monitoring of pesticide residues in foods.
Food Contamination↗
DNA vaccination by mecA sequence evokes an antibacterial immune response against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
More than 90% of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates produce a penicillin-binding protein PBP2' (or PBP2a) with low affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics. PBP2' is encoded by the mecA gene, a foreign gene integrated into the chromosome of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). DNA vaccination by injection of transgene-expressing plasmids has been demonstrated to elicit an immune response against transgene-encoded protein. We hypothesized that the application of DNA vaccination with the mecA sequence would elicit protective immunity against MRSA. This immunity was evoked by injection of a mecA-expressing plasmid into BALB/c mice. Anti-PBP2' antibody was detected in the sera obtained from the DNA-vaccinated mice. These sera produced a five-fold increase in phagocytosis of MRSA compared with sera from mice treated with control plasmid. However, there was no difference in phagocytosis of MSSA among these groups. In addition, the in-vivo antibacterial effect of DNA vaccination was demonstrated in mice infected with MRSA. Eight days after iv inoculation of 10(8) cfu of MRSA into mice, the number of bacteria in the kidneys obtained from mice vaccinated with mecA-expressing plasmid (1.48 +/- 0.27 x 10(5) cfu/mg kidney; n = 18) was significantly lower than that from mice vaccinated with negative control plasmid (3.59 +/- 0.57 x 10(5) cfu/mg kidney; n = 17) (P < 0.02) or that from sham-treated mice (3. 43 +/- 0.66 x 10(5) cfu/mg kidney; n = 9) (P < 0.02). Interestingly, PBP2' was found in both the bacterial membrane fraction and the supernatant, thus being accessible to serum antibodies. Together these observations indicate that PBP2' or the mecA sequence may be eligible as a candidate molecule for vaccination against MRSA.
Animals↗
Cardiomyocytes can be generated from marrow stromal cells in vitro.
We have isolated a cardiomyogenic cell line (CMG) from murine bone marrow stromal cells. Stromal cells were immortalized, treated with 5-azacytidine, and spontaneously beating cells were repeatedly screened. The cells showed a fibroblast-like morphology, but the morphology changed after 5-azacytidine treatment in approximately 30% of the cells; they connected with adjoining cells after one week, formed myotube-like structures, began spontaneously beating after two weeks, and beat synchronously after three weeks. They expressed atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide and were stained with anti-myosin, anti-desmin, and anti-actinin antibodies. Electron microscopy revealed a cardiomyocyte-like ultrastructure, including typical sarcomeres, a centrally positioned nucleus, and atrial granules. These cells had several types of action potentials, such as sinus node-like and ventricular cell-like action potentials. All cells had a long action potential duration or plateau, a relatively shallow resting membrane potential, and a pacemaker-like late diastolic slow depolarization. Analysis of the isoform of contractile protein genes, such as myosin heavy chain, myosin light chain, and alpha-actin, indicated that their muscle phenotype was similar to that of fetal ventricular cardiomyocytes. These cells expressed Nkx2.5/Csx, GATA4, TEF-1, and MEF-2C mRNA before 5-azacytidine treatment and expressed MEF-2A and MEF-2D after treatment. This new cell line provides a powerful model for the study of cardiomyocyte differentiation.
Action Potentials↗