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S Hori

Publications and source records attributed to S Hori.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Relationship between EEG dimensional complexity and neuropsychological findings in Alzheimer's disease.

The aim of the present study was to examine the region-specific correlations between electroencephalography (EEG) dimensional complexity (DC), a measure of non-linear dynamics, and neuropsychological performance in 25 right-handed patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Electroencephalography recording sites were according to the international 10-20 system. Neuropsychological tests included Wechelor Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) (Full-scale Intelligence Quotient (FIQ), Verbal Intelligence Quotient (VIQ), Performance Intelligent Quotient (PIQ)); Mini-Mental State Examination; Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM); Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT); seven word pairs-revised Miyake Paired-Associate Word Learning Test; Benton Visual Retention Test; and Rey Complex Figure Test. A partial correlational analysis was carried out, controlling for age and sex (P< 0.005). The FIQ, VIQ and RCPM scores were found to be significantly correlated with DC at the F3, C3 and T3 electrodes. Significant correlations were also found between RAVLT scores and DC at the C3, P3 and T5 electrodes. The study on AD indicated region-specific correlations between DC and neuropsychological performance: one between the DC value in the left frontal, central and mid-temporal areas and intellectual function; and another between the DC value in the left central, parietal and post-temporal areas and verbal memory. Dimensional complexity would therefore seem to be a useful indicator for the assessment of neuropsychological deficits in AD.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

CT scans essential after posttraumatic loss of consciousness.

The frequency of "talk and deteriorate" in the emergency department (ED), subsequent deterioration of patients with seemingly "mild" head injury at the time of presentation, is summarized. Among the 1,073 patients with minor head injury treated in the last 5 years, five patients (0.5%) deteriorated in the ED. All of the five patients had experienced transient loss of consciousness (LOC) before presentation. Deterioration had occurred during treatment of trivial associated injuries in four-fifths of the cases. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed four acute epidural hematomas and one cerebellar contusion. Retrospectively, immediate brain CT shortly after their arrival may have revealed the presence of traumatic intracranial hematomas before deterioration. Although routine use of CT scans in patients with mild head injury has been controversial, the authors conclude that CT scans should be taken if patients have experienced transient LOC to prevent or reduce the occurrence of deterioration in ED.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Superiority of a new UICC-TNM staging system for gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The definition of the degree of lymph node metastasis (n-classification) for gastric cancer differs greatly in the new Union Internationale Contre le Cancer--TNM classification (5th edition) and the Japanese gastric cancer classification (JGC). The feasibility of the new TNM classification is evaluated in comparison with the JGC. METHODS: At Chiba University, 940 patients who underwent a gastrectomy were retrospectively classified into appropriate stages with both the TNM and JGC systems, and the survival curves of the respective stages were also compared. RESULTS: Patients with 1 to 6 metastatic nodes (TNM-pN1) showed similar survival rates whether the metastases were limited to the perigastric area (JGC-n1) or reached distant areas (JGC-n2). The patients with node metastasis that was limited to the perigastric area (JGC-n1) had significantly different survival rates, depending on the number of metastatic nodes (TNM-pN1 or pN2, P = .022). A similar phenomenon was also observed in patients with TNM-N2 and JGC-n2. A multivariate analysis indicated the TNM N-classification, rather than the JGC n-classification, as an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS: The new TNM classification appears to be a better prognostic indicator than the JGC system for patients with gastric carcinoma.

Female↗
PubMed2000

A half-type ABC transporter TAPL is highly conserved between rodent and man, and the human gene is not responsive to interferon-gamma in contrast to TAP1 and TAP2.

TAPL is a half-type ABC transporter with sequence similarity to TAP1 and TAP2 that is transcribed in various rat tissues [Yamaguchi, Y., Kasano, M., Terada, T., Sato, R., and Maeda, M. (1999) FEBS Lett. 457, 231-236]. Primary structures of the human and mouse orthologous counterparts were deduced from cDNAs cloned by means of polymerase chain reaction, and they were compared with that of the rat. The mammalian TAPLs (rat, mouse, and human) are highly conserved, since about 95% of the amino acid residues are identical between rodents and man. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the evolutional rate of TAPL is much slower than those of TAP1 and TAP2, although TAPL could have diverged from an ancestor of TAP1 or that of TAP1 and TAP2. The TAPL-GFP fusion protein transiently expressed in Cos-1 cells was co-localized with PDI, suggesting that TAPL is inserted into endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The conservation of the peptide-binding motifs of TAP proteins in TAPL raises the possibility that the TAPL might be a peptide transporter. The gene for human TAPL is assigned to chromosome 12q24.31-q24.32, while those for TAP1 and TAP2 are located at the MHC locus of chromosome 6p21.!3. Furthermore, the transcription of TAPL gene is not responsive to interferon-gamma, in contrast to TAP1 and TAP2. These results indicate that the gene regulation of TAPL is different from those of TAP1 and TAP2.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed2000

Psychosocial factors regulating natural-killer cell activity in recurrent spontaneous abortions.

PROBLEM: The preconceptional natural-killer cell (NK) activity predicts subsequent miscarriage among women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). Psycho-neuro-immuno-endocrine network has recently been proposed as a mechanism for abortions. We therefore examined which psychosocial factors influenced the NK activity among women with RSA. METHOD OF STUDY: We measured the preconceptional NK activity of 61 women with a history two consecutive unexplained first-trimester miscarriages and no live births. We also administered semi-structured interviews and a battery of self-report questionnaires to assess their social support, personality, self-esteem and psychiatric symptoms. RESULTS: The preconceptional NK activity was negatively correlated with the women's neuroticism personality trait (r= -0.32, P = 0.01) and current depressive symptoms (r = -0.26, P= 0.05), and positively correlated with their self-esteem (r = 0.34, P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to several substances such as transforming-growth-factor beta and granulocyte-macrophase colony-stimulating factor, we found that low neuroticism, low depression scale score and high self-esteem contributed to high NK activity among women with RSA.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed2000

Transmyocardial revascularization aggravates myocardial ischemia around the channels in the immediate phase.

We examined whether transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) relieves myocardial ischemia by increasing regional perfusion via the transmural channels in acute canine experiments. Regional blood flow during transient coronary ligation (2 min) was compared before and 30 min after TMR, and at the third transient ischemia the mid-left ventricle (LV) was cut and immediately frozen along the short axis for the analysis of NADH fluorescence in the regions around the TMR channels. In low-resolution analysis (2-4 g tissue or 2-3 cm(2) area), regional perfusion was not significantly altered after TMR, and NADH fluorescence was observed throughout the ischemic region without significant spatial variation. High-resolution analysis (2.8 mg, 1 mm x 1 mm) revealed that the flow after TMR was lower, and NADH fluorescence was higher in the regions close to the channels (1-2 mm) than in the regions 3-4 mm away from them. Creating TMR channels did not improve the regional perfusion and rather aggravated the local ischemia in the vicinity of the channels in the immediate phase.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

Hyperintense basal ganglia on T1-weighted magnetic resonance images following postoperative parenteral nutrition in a pancreatoduodenectomized patient.

The authors reported the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detection of manganese (Mn) deposition in the basal ganglia of a pancreatoduodenectomized patient following 30-day parenteral nutrition. A multi-trace element supplement solution including 20 micromol Mn/day was parenterally administered for 30 days postoperatively. The serum level of total bilirubin normalized on the 3rd postoperative day, while the level of alkaline phosphatase continued to exceed the higher limit of normal controls even 2 months after operation. T1-weighted MRI on the 49th postoperative day demonstrated bilateral and symmetrical hyperintense lesions in the globus pallidus. The whole-blood Mn level on the 67th postoperative day was 3.1 (normal range 0.8-2.5) microg/l. T1-weighted MRI on the 103rd postoperative day revealed improvement in the hyperintense lesions, and MRI on the 225th postoperative day revealed no abnormality. The blood Mn level normalized on the 194th postoperative day. Even short-term postoperative parenteral nutrition may result in Mn deposition in the brain, especially in patients with cholestasis following pancreatoduodenectomy.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Methotrexate concentration in cerebrospinal fluid of the space created by tumor removal.

This paper investigates the post-surgical pharmacokinetics of methotrexate (MTX) in the plasma, the cerebrospinal fluids (CSF), and the spaces created by tumor removal (STR) in patients with glioblastoma, during hyperosmotic disruption of the blood brain barrier (HODBBB) and intra-arterial chemotherapy with MTX. Eight Japanese patients with glioblastoma, three with open STRs and five with closed STRs, received a total of thirteen courses of HODBBB and intra-arterial combination chemotherapy with MTX. The patients were initially administered mannitol, then the anticancer drugs were infused into the carotid artery. Samples of blood and CSF from the STRs were obtained. MTX concentrations were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay and the pharmacokinetic parameters of MTX in plasma and CSF were estimated. The plasma concentrations of MTX peaked at the end of drug infusion, and then decayed bi-exponentially during the remainder of the treatment period. The CSF concentration of MTX in the STR peaked 2 h after drug administration, then mono-exponentially decreased. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) for plasma and CSF MTX concentrations increased in parallel with the MTX dose. In patients with open STRs, the mean AUC of MTX in CSF was 4.44% of that found in plasma, while in patients with closed STRs, the mean was 61.2% of that found in plasma. In the latter group, the MTX administered using HODBBB and intra-arterial chemotherapy was maintained in the STRs for long periods.

Area Under Curve↗
PubMed2000

Pharmacokinetics of cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, nimustine and valproic acid in cerebrospinal fluid during cerebrospinal fluid perfusion chemotherapy.

This report investigates the pharmacokinetics of cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C), methotrexate (MTX), nimustine (ACNU) and valproic acid (VPA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during CSF perfusion chemotherapy. A 28-year-old Japanese woman with disseminated glioblastoma was, on admission, on a stable oral regimen of prolonged-release VPA tablets (Depakene-R), 400 mg twice a day, for seizure control. Twelve courses of CSF perfusion chemotherapy with Ara-C, MTX, and ACNU were administered. Plasma samples and CSF samples via Ommaya reservoirs were obtained during the eleventh course of treatment. The Ara-C and ACNU concentrations were measured by HPLC. The MTX and VPA concentrations were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. During CSF perfusion chemotherapy, the highest CSF concentrations of Ara-C, MTX, and ACNU were observed at the end of the perfusion and decreased in a monoexponential pattern. The half-lives of Ara-C, MTX, and ACNU were 2.65, 3.52, and 0.71 h, respectively. No anticancer drugs were detectable in plasma during CSF perfusion chemotherapy. Before CSF perfusion chemotherapy, the free VPA concentration in plasma was 14.4% of the total VPA concentration. The mean total and free VPA concentrations in plasma were 78.0+/-0.8 and 10.9-0.3 microg/ml, respectively. The free VPA concentrations in plasma and in CSF were of similar values. At the end of perfusion, the lowest free VPA concentration in CSF was 30.3% of that at the initiation of perfusion. The free VPA concentrations in CSF at 3, 7, 23, and 47 h after the end of perfusion were 79.8, 94.5, 100.9, and 100.9% respectively of that at the initiation of perfusion. During CSF perfusion chemotherapy, the ratio of free VPA concentrations to the total VPA in CSF was 86.3+/-6.9%. The VPA concentrations in CSF rapidly decreased during the CSF perfusion but recovered to pre-treatment levels within 7 h.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Capacitative calcium entry is involved in steroidogenesis in bovine adrenocortical fasciculata cells.

Capacitative Ca(2+) entry into bovine adrenocortical fasciculata cells was investigated by using the mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and Ca(2+)-induced steroidogenesis as the indicators. Bovine adrenocortical fasciculata cells on a glass coverslip were loaded with fura-2. The [Ca(2+)](i) mobilization was detected by a change of fura-2 fluorescence intensity. In the intracellular Ca(2+) store depleted cells, the addition of Ca(2+) to the incubation medium elicited a marked and sustained increase in [Ca(2+)](i). In the intracellular Ca(2+) store non-depleted cells, the addition of thapsigargin, an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), induced a slight and transient increase in [Ca(2+)](i), but an extensive and sustained increase in [Ca(2+)](i) was obtained by adding Ca(2+) to the incubation medium after the thapsigargin treatment. The sustained increase induced by thapsigargin was not inhibited by nifedipine, but was inhibited by Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) in a concentration-dependent manner. The effect of Zn(2+) was more potent than that of Cd(2+). Thapsigargin stimulated steroidogenesis in the presence of extracellular Ca(2+). The steroidogenic effect of thapsigargin was inhibited by Zn(2+) and Cd(2+) but not by nifedipine. These results suggest that there is, in bovine adrenocortical fasciculata cells, a steroidogenesis-linked Ca(2+) entry process other than that involving voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels and that the process might be capacitative Ca(2+) entry.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

Dissecting aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery requiring surgical treatment--case report.

A 45-year-old male presented with spontaneous dissecting aneurysm in the anterior cerebral artery manifesting as headache persisting for several days and speech disturbance. Neurological and laboratory examinations showed no abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed infarction in the right cingulate gyrus. Angiography revealed occlusion of the right A2. Repeat angiography 8 months later showed a saccular aneurysm had developed. The interhemispheric approach exposed the aneurysm at the junction between the right frontopolar artery and the pericallosal artery. The aneurysm was fusiform due to the right A2 dissection. The aneurysm was trapped and resected. One month after the operation, the patient was discharged without neurological deficits. Cases of dissecting aneurysms in the anterior cerebral artery with ischemic onset are usually treated conservatively. Cases requiring surgery include those due to trauma, growing aneurysms, giant aneurysms, and uncontrolled hypertension. Some dissecting aneurysms of the distal anterior cerebral artery require only resection without bypass surgery.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed2000

Diagnostic value of a bedside test for cardiac troponin T in the patient with chest pain presenting to the emergency room.

Identification of patients with acute chest pain due to acute coronary syndrome is a common and difficult challenge for emergency physicians. A prospective study was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of a bedside test of cardiac troponin T in the emergency room setting. Forty-nine consecutive patients, who visited the emergency room within 6 hours of the onset of acute chest pain, were enrolled. Of the 26 patients who were ultimately diagnosed as having acute coronary syndrome, seven patients (27%) had positive cardiac troponin T assay results, whereas none of the patients without acute coronary syndrome had positive results (0%). For patients with acute coronary syndrome who presented later than 3 hours after the onset (n = 4), the test was positive in all cases (positive predictive value: 100%, negative predictive value: 100%, p < 0.01). However, the positive rate was only 14% for those who presented earlier than 3 hours after the onset (n = 22) (positive predictive value: 100%, negative predictive value: 47%, p = 0.84). In conclusion, bedside troponin T test results should be evaluated considering the time interval from the onset of chest symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Neurocutaneous vascular hamartomas mimicking Cobb syndrome. Case report.

The authors report the rare case of a patient with neurocutaneous vascular hamartomas mimicking Cobb syndrome. An 8-year-old boy was admitted to the authors' hospital with progressive urinary disturbance and upper back pain. Multiple skin nevi had been noted at the child's birth. Radiological examination revealed multiple cavernous angiomas in the spinal cord in the same metamere in which the skin nevi had been observed and also in the left cerebral hemisphere. His symptoms gradually improved without surgical intervention. Four years later he was readmitted because of a cerebral hemorrhage involving the left cerebral peduncle. Nonsurgical treatment was chosen because his symptoms promptly improved. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of multiple cavernous angiomas in the brain and spinal cord associated with skin nevi. The authors discuss this clinical entity and the significance of the disease.

Back Pain↗
PubMed2000

[Head-up tilt test].

Head-upright tilt table testing has been used as a research tool over the past 50 years by physiologists and/or physicians to study the hemodynamic and endocrine adaptation to changes in position. Tilt test has become a widely accepted tool in the clinical evaluation of patients with syncope, since its first application to patients with syncope by Kenny et al. in 1986. There is substantial agreement that tilt table testing is an effective technique for providing direct diagnostic evidence indicating susceptibility to vasovagal syncope. Tilt test duration of 30 to 45 min at 60 to 80 degrees have become widely accepted in laboratories for evaluating adult patients. It exhibits a high level of diagnostic specificity of 80 to 100%. Its sensitivity, in contrast, remains to be 40 to 70%. Pharmacologic provocation during head-up tilt testing elicites susceptibility to vasovagal reactions. Isoproterenol is the most common agent applied for its use. Head-upright tilt testing is most warranted in following conditions; recurrent syncope or single episode of syncope in a high risk patient, evaluation of patients in whom demonstration of susceptibility to neurally mediated syncope would affect treatment plans, and exercise induced syncope.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[An adult case of cervico-mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis].

We reported a case of cervico-mediastinal tuberculous lymphadenitis followed by the development of pulmonary lesions and recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy. A 48-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to fever, dry cough, and loss of body weight. He had no medical history of tuberculosis or other significant diseases. On admission, a right cervical tumor was palpable and chest X-ray films revealed widened superior mediastinum. Chest computed tomography showed multiple swollen mediastinal lymph nodes, including multiple low-density areas and contrast medium-enhanced septa and margins. Gallium-67 scintigraphy demonstrated abnormal uptake in the right cervix and mediastinum. A PPD skin test was strongly positive and ribosomal RNA of tubercle bacilli was detected in aspirated gastric juice. Although anti-tuberculous chemotherapy was initiated, fever and cough persisted, and hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy developed. One month later, chest X-ray films showed abnormal infiltration in the left upper lung field. The patient was sero-negative for HIV. To confirm the diagnosis, right supraclavicular lymph node biopsy was performed. Microscopic examination of the biopsy specimen revealed acid-fast bacilli and granuloma with central caseous necrosis surrounded by Langhans' giant cells and epithelioid cells. After 9 months of extended anti-tuberculous chemotherapy, the cervical and mediastinal masses receded and the abnormal chest X-ray shadows disappeared. Because the incidence of tuberculosis in Japan is gradually increasing among young people as well as the elderly, the differential diagnosis of this disease will become more necessary.

Aged↗