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Biomedical subjects

S Hofmann

Publications and source records attributed to S Hofmann.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Femur head necrosis and bone marrow edema syndrome in pregnancy].

MR examinations were performed in 9 patients suffering from severe pain of the hip during the third trimenon without any relief after birth. Pathologic signal changes could be observed in 11 hips (oedema in the region of the femoral head and neck (n = 8); avascular necrosis of the femoral head surrounded by bone marrow oedema (n = 3)). In 7 hips a relatively rapid decrease of the oedema following core decompression was demonstrated. Focal necrosis, however, did not show any changes. In two patients, treated conservatively, markedly delayed healing was evident. MR imaging is the modality of choice for early diagnosis as well as follow-up of therapy of the bone marrow oedema syndrome or avascular necrosis and can be performed already during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Bone-marrow oedema syndrome and transient osteoporosis of the hip. An MRI-controlled study of treatment by core decompression.

Bone-marrow oedema syndrome (BMOS) of the hip gives a characteristic MRI pattern, in association with severe pain, non-specific focal loss of radiological density and a positive bone scan. In our MRI-controlled study, nine patients with non-traumatic BMOS in ten hips all had core decompression. Bone-marrow pressure measurements and intraosseous venography in five cases showed pathological values. All patients had immediate relief of pain, with return of MRI signals to normal after three months. Regular review was continued for at least 24 months with serial clinical radiological and MRI assessment. At a mean follow-up of 33 months all patients remained free of pain with normal radiographs and MR scans. The histological evaluation of undecalcified sections obtained from eight core decompressions confirmed the presence of bone-marrow oedema, with necrotic and reparative processes involving bone and marrow similar to those of early avascular necrosis but with no evidence of 'osteoporosis'. These findings support the assumption that BMOS may be the initial phase of non-traumatic avascular necrosis. In most patients BMOS will have a self-limiting course, but the duration of symptoms may be reduced by core decompression treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A questionnaire suitable for general practice for detection of the health status and quality of life of patients with hemato-oncologic diseases: psychometric properties. The Study G "Quality of Life" of the International Society for Chemo- and Immunotherapy (I.G.C.I.)].

In the evaluation of therapeutic measures it is important to consider the consequences of the proposed treatment on the subjective quality of health and the subjective quality of life. Since no adequate instrument existed to provide such assessments, a short, theoretically based questionnaire was developed and psychometrically tested. The construction phase was based on data of 104 adults with haemato-oncological diseases, leading to the design of a questionnaire which was tested using data of a further 292 patients. The validity of the "questionnaire for attitudes towards quality of health and quality of life" was assessed by comparing it with physicians' ratings and by correlation with the results of an extensive questionnaire. The reliability was satisfactory; the questionnaire met with high acceptance by patients, physicians and health care personnel. It complies with the requirements of clinical trials where the objective is to measure quality of health and quality of life.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

A short multilingual quality of life questionnaire--practicability, reliability and interlingual homogeneity.

International cooperative clinical trials require a multilingual quality of life questionnaire. The 'International Society for Chemo- and Immunotherapy' therefore designed a study to develop and test a 'health accentuated' quality of life questionnaire in the eight languages spoken in this society. The objective was to examine practicability, reliability and interlingual homogeneity. Versions of the questionnaire in Czech, German, Hungarian, Italian, Kroatian, Polish, Romanian and Slovakian have been prepared. The results are based on data of 1,104 adult patients. They demonstrate that the developed questionnaire is practicable. Patients need 10-15 min to answer it, usually without assistance. The proportion of missing values is for all but two questions less than 3%. The questionnaire also found high acceptance reflected by only 2.7% refusals. It is reasonably reliable in each language. Interlingual homogeneity could be shown by demonstration of strong structural similarities between the different versions using multidimensional scaling, factor analysis and comparison of mean profiles.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Expression pattern of a tobacco lipid transfer protein gene within the shoot apex.

A genomic clone coding for a putative lipid transfer protein was isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. The gene is expressed in all aerial organs of the tobacco plant, with expression being highest in the upper part of the plant and declining towards the base (i.e. with increasing age). In the shoot apex transcript levels are highest in the LI layer, lower in the underlying cell layers, and are again higher in the submeristem region. This pattern is markedly different from those previously described for genes expressed within the shoot apex.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Divergent genes for translation initiation factor eIF-4A are coordinately expressed in tobacco.

Three cDNA clones coding for eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A, eIF-4A, were isolated from a Nicotiana plumbaginifolia root cDNA library by heterologous screening. The clones comprise two distinct gene classes as two clones are highly similar while the third is divergent. The genes belong to a highly conserved gene family, the DEAD box supergene family, although the divergent clone contains a DESD box rather than the characteristic DEAD box. The two clones are representatives of separate small multigene families in both N. plumbaginifolia and N. tabacum. Representatives of each family are coordinately expressed in all plant organs examined. The 47 kD polypeptide product of one clone, overexpressed in E. coli, crossreacts immunologically with a rabbit reticulocyte eIF-4A polyclonal antibody. Taken together the data suggest that the two Nicotiana eIF-4A genes encode translation initiation factors. The sequence divergence and the coordinate expression of the two Nicotiana eIF-4A families provide an excellent system to determine if functionally distinct eIF-4A polypeptides are required for translation initiation in plants.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Glucagonoma syndrome is an underdiagnosed clinical entity.

Glucagonomas, considered among the rarest of the islet cell neoplasms, produce a well-defined clinical syndrome characterized by necrolytic migratory erythema, diabetes mellitus, glossitis, anemia, and weight loss. This report describes seven patients with glucagonoma treated at our institution. All seven had the characteristic dermatologic manifestations, present from 1 to 6 years prior to diagnosis. Five patients had extensive disease at the time of initial operation, three of whom underwent aggressive cytoreductive surgery, whereas the other two had biopsy only. The remaining two patients presented with a single nodule each, underwent distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy, and remain free of disease 2 and 6 years postoperatively. Earlier recognition of the distinctive physical findings peculiar to this syndrome should increase survival. Aggressive cytoreductive surgery results in prolonged remission.

Female↗
PubMed1990

First description of mechanoreceptors in the corpus adiposum infrapatellare of man.

The sensory innervation of the corpus adiposum infrapatellare of the human knee joint was studied by light microscopy. Small lamellated corpuscles (pacinian corpuscles) were found in the adipose tissue of the corpus adiposum infrapatellare. The lamellated corpuscles measured about 20 microns and consisted of 3-4 lamellae. It is discussed whether the corpus adiposum infrapatellare might perform a sensory function, influencing the muscle tone via polysynaptic reflexes.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of occupational dermatoses in the Potsdam district (V)].

An epidemiological study focusing on the 1981 to 1985 occupational-dermatosis incidence was carried out, based on the medical-opinion data at the Potsdam County Council Occupational Hygiene Board, and comparisons were made with the results of previous studies. Occupational skin diseases accounted for 46 per cent of all cases and cases of BK 80 (BK stands for occupational disease recognised by GDR law) for 34.7 per cent, which is a 13.6 per cent increase over against the previous study covering the 1976 to 1980 period. A steady increase was found in the percentage of women with an occupational eczema (1981-1985: 66.2 per cent). Of all the eczema cases recognised as occupational diseases, 8.6 per cent had no allergic etiology. Among the various branches of occupation, the health service ranked first for the first time, accounting for 26.1 per cent. With regard to individual occupations too, the medical staff showed the highest incidence (20.8 per cent), followed by bricklayers and concrete workers (8.6 per cent), electroplating workers (6.7 per cent) and milkers (6.4 per cent). The allergens most frequently responsible for the occupational-eczema cases were formaldehyd (24.6 per cent), chromium compounds (15.7 per cent), nickel (15.6 per cent) and rubber ingredients (10.6 per cent). As compared with previous studies, there was an increase in terms of formaldehyde and nickel and a decrease in terms of turpentine oil, chromates and rubber ingredients. While one in five occupational contact eczema patients had to put up with occupational and social drawbacks in the course of their rehabilitation in the past, a substantial improvement has now been achieved by comprehensive organising measures taken by the Potsdam County Council Occupational-Hygiene Board.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Oral hygiene analysis, prosthesis hygiene and prosthesis stomatitis of old aged people--conclusions for gerostomatological care].

The oral health behaviour of old aged people, especially by pensioners in old people's homes or nursing homes is unsatisfactory, and is influenced from different social factors and social conditions. People with insufficient oral and prosthesis hygiene fall more frequent ill with prosthesis stomatitis compared to prosthesis wearers with clean artificial dentures. In addition the dental prosthesis care is not a part of daily personal hygiene in these investigated old people's homes. Patients and nurses are inadequate enlightened of oral hygiene measures.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Six myosin heavy chain isoforms are expressed during chick breast muscle development.

Two major embryonic myosin heavy chains are expressed in embryonic chick breast muscle until the first week after hatching. Of these, one is already detected in the 8-day-old embryo. The other appears on day 12. Two putative slow embryonic isoforms represent minor components transiently expressed between days 8 and 12. A neonatal heavy chain is expressed at low concentrations on day 8 and increases with development. It is the only isoform two weeks after hatching, and is ultimately replaced by the fast myosin heavy chain in the adult muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Circadian rhythm in the light response of rat retinal disk-shedding and autophagy.

Under a light-dark cycle, disk-shedding and autophagy in the rat retina peak in the early and mid light phase, respectively. Under constant conditions, disk-shedding and autophagy responses after light stimulation were elicited at different time points of a 24-h cycle. The greatest magnitude of response occurred in the late dark and early light phase. Thus there is a circadian variation of the light response of important metabolic parameters in the mammalian retina. Inhibition of dopamine synthesis during the early light phase caused a significant dampening of the light responses of both disk-shedding and autophagy.

Animals↗