Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Hirose

Publications and source records attributed to S Hirose.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Placental transfer of IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus.

Commercially available mouse monoclonal antibodies to human IgG subclasses (IgG 1 to IgG 4) were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to examine the placental transfer of IgG subclass-specific antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (VZV). All 46 mothers had total IgG antibody to VZV, and an equal level of antibody was found in the cord blood. All of the mothers had high antibody activities to VZV in IgG 1 and IgG 4 subclasses. The majority of the mothers were negative for IgG 2 and IgG 3 VZV antibodies, and the level of antibody found to be positive was very low. The IgG 1 antibody activity in the cord blood was almost equal to that of the maternal, and significantly higher level of IgG 4 antibody was found in the cord than maternal blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Phase plane (volume to volume-time function loop) display of data from radionuclide ventriculography obtained by single cardiac probe system.

To assess the left ventricular (LV) performance more sensitively, a new display method of phase plane (PP), displaying volume and volume-time function (dV/dt) in a single image, was applied to radionuclide ventriculography obtained by a single cardiac probe system. The sampling interval was 10 msec and the data acquisition time was 60 sec. The LV volume curve was smoothed by fitting a fourth order polynomial curve of Fourier's analysis. Then the dV/dt was calculated. In this single image PP display, the width of the horizontal axis indicates relative LV volume, and the height of the vertical axis indicates dV/dt. The direction of the rotation of this loop is clockwise. We classified 126 patients with various heart diseases into seven groups, according to the configuration of the loop. The most interesting finding was that the distortion of the loop during diastole was frequently seen in patients with hypertension and angina pectoris, whereas their ejection fraction was within normal limits. We concluded that the single image PP display is a sensitive method for assessing the abnormality of the LV function, not only by evaluating the conventional parameters, but also by analyzing the configuration of the volume to volume-time function loop.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of various polyamine analogs on in vitro polypeptide synthesis.

Various polyamine analogs were examined for their ability to stimulate and to function as sparing agents for the Mg2+ requirement in polypeptide synthesis at various temperatures in Escherichia coli (37 and 47 degrees C) and the extremely thermophilic Thermus thermophilus (60 and 70 degrees C) cell-free systems. The optimal concentration of each polyamine analog increased as the incubation temperature was elevated. At a fixed temperature, the optimal concentration of polyamine analogs was in the order diamines greater than triamines greater than tetraamines greater than pentaamines. All diamines tested stimulated polypeptide synthesis almost equally but lowered the optimal Mg2+ concentration in the order diaminopropane greater than putrescine greater than cadaverine. The degree of diamine stimulation was maximal at 37 degrees C. The effects of three triamines were very similar in the E. coli system but in the T. thermophilus system spermidine was most effective in stimulation of polypeptide synthesis. From the results of experiments using tetraamines and pentaamines, it was deduced that the presence of both aminobutyl and aminopropyl groups in polyamine analogs is important for stimulation of polypeptide synthesis. In the E. coli system, triamines were the most effective polyamines for stimulation of polyphenylalanine synthesis at both 37 and 47 degrees C, while, in the T. thermophilus system, thermospermine, a tetraamine, was most effective at 60 degrees C and 3,4,4,3-pentaamine was most effective at 70 degrees C.

Cell-Free System↗
PubMed1988

Milk-borne transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I in rabbits.

The mode of vertical transmission of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) was investigated by foster-nursing in rabbits. Two of five rabbits born to noninfected mothers and fostered by virus-infected females seroconverted for HTLV-I after 7 weeks, whereas all seven rabbits born to virus-infected mothers and fostered by noninfected females remained seronegative for the observation period of 6 months. Culture of peripheral blood lymphocytes gave rise to an HTLV-I-carrying T-cell line from each of the two seroconverted rabbits. These findings suggest that HTLV-I is transmitted through milk from mother to offspring.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

In vitro transcription of eukaryotic genes is affected differently by the degree of DNA supercoiling.

In a posterior silk gland extract, covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA is in a superhelical state that supports more transcription of fibroin gene than does linear DNA. A HeLa cell extract showed neither the supercoiling activity nor the preference for the transcription of ccc DNA over linear DNA. These activities could be added to the HeLa cell extract. Phosphocellulose fractionation of the posterior silk gland extract yielded a flow-through fraction and a 0.6 M KCl eluate fraction that were required for the supercoiling and for the efficient transcription of the ccc template in the acceptor HeLa cell extract. The 0.6 M KCl fraction had a DNA topoisomerase II activity, and the flow-through fraction contained a supercoiling factor that, with the aid of topoisomerase II, introduced negative supercoils into ccc DNA. When both fractions were added to the posterior silk gland extract, more supercoiling occurred than with the extract alone. Several genes were optimally transcribed under various extents of supercoiling. The fibroin gene and adenovirus 2 major late promoter were fully transcribed as partially supercoiled templates. The sericin gene required more supercoiling for full transcription, whereas no preference for supercoiling was seen with the transcription of hsp70. These results suggest that DNA topology plays a role in the regulation of gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Immunoreactive prorenin and its profragment peptide are present in human juxtaglomerular cells.

Although prorenin appears to be activated through the cleavage of its prosegment in the juxtaglomerular cells, the presence of prosegment peptide has never been demonstrated. We therefore studied prorenin in juxtaglomerular tumour cells, both by immunohistochemistry and by radio-immunoassay. Synthetic peptide covering the 14-carboxyterminal sequence of human renin prosegment was used to prepare both antibody and radiolabelled tracer. Intense immunostaining of prorenin was demonstrated in the tumour cells. By gel filtration, however, immunoreactive prorenin was shown to consist of two major components. The first peak, located at the elution position of activatable inactive renin, was regarded as prorenin. The other peak was located at an elution position with a smaller molecular weight, which was assumed to represent the profragment. These results suggest that both prosegment peptide and prorenin are present in the juxtaglomerular cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Mouse peritoneal macrophages produce CFU-gm and CFU-meg growth-promoting factors.

The effect of peritoneal macrophage-conditioned medium (macrophage CM) from lipopolysaccharide-injected mice on granulocyte-macrophage colony (CFU-gm) and megakaryocyte colony (CFU-meg) formation was examined using a plasma clot culture system. Macrophage CM stimulated mouse bone marrow cells to form CFU-gm and CFU-meg in the presence of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated spleen cell-conditioned medium, but it had no effect on colony formation in the absence of exogenous colony-stimulating factors (CSF). CFU-gm and CFU-meg colony formation was enhanced by low concentrations of exogenous GM-CSF or Meg-CSF alone. These data demonstrate that macrophage CM contains an activity that sensitized CFU-gm and CFU-meg to exogenous CSF.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Megakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor and burst-promoting activity in LPS-treated mouse spleen cell-conditioned medium.

In order to clarify the mechanism(s) of increased splenic hematopoiesis noted in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mice, the effects of spleen cell-conditioned medium (SPCM) on megakaryocyte colony (CFU-meg) formation and early erythroid (BFU-e) differentiation were investigated. After spleen cells from LPS-injected mice were incubated for 3 days, the SPCM was assayed for megakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor (Meg-CSF) in CFU-meg assay and for burst-promoting activity (BPA) and erythropoietin (Epo) in erythroid colony assays (i.e., CFU-e, BFU-e). Colony formation of CFU-meg and BFU-e peaked with the addition of 30 and 10-15% SPCM, respectively. Spleen cells from LPS-injected mice produced Meg-CSF and BPA when compared with controls. However, conditioned medium from spleen cells depleted of phagocytic cells had low Meg-CSF and BPA. SPCM did not contain detectable quantities of Epo. It appears likely that local splenic production of Meg-CSF and BPA may affect proliferation of CFU-meg and erythroid progenitor cells in the spleen.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Relation between the level of IgG subclasses and infections in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

IgG subclasses in sera from 48 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the relation between the level of IgG subclasses and infections was investigated. In patients with SLE, IgG2 and IgG4 decreased when compared to normal subjects. In patients with infections, IgG3 and IgG4 were decreased when compared to patients without infections. When the level of IgG3 was less than 60 microliter/ml and the level of IgG4 was less than 20 microliters/ml, infection was increased, especially mycotic infections. It was shown that the estimation of IgG3 and IgG4 serum levels served as important indices for infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of systemic hypertension and intracranial hypertension in cases of brain hemorrhage.

We studied the effects of nifedipine, chlorpromazine, reserpine, furosemide, and thiopental on the mean arterial blood pressure, mean intracranial pressure, and cerebral perfusion pressure in 38 patients with increased intracranial pressure resulting from either hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease or systemic hypertension. These agents are widely used in neurosurgical practice for the treatment of systemic hypertension. Patients were assigned to two groups on the basis of their mean intracranial pressure. Group I comprised 20 patients with a mean intracranial pressure of 20-40 mm Hg (moderately increased ICP group), and Group II consisted of 18 patients with a mean intracranial pressure of greater than 40 mm Hg (severely increased ICP group). Nifedipine, chlorpromazine, and reserpine reduced mean arterial blood pressure by 18-20% in both groups (p less than 0.05 in each). In Group I these agents raised mean intracranial pressure by 10-35% and decreased cerebral perfusion pressure by 20-32% (p less than 0.05 for both), but in Group II these changes were more marked: mean intracranial pressure increased 38-64% and cerebral perfusion pressure decreased 40-54% (p less than 0.01 for both). Furosemide did not significantly reduce mean arterial blood pressure but slightly reduced mean intracranial pressure in each group. Thiopental reduced both mean arterial blood pressure and intracranial pressure in both groups. The effect on intracranial pressure was pronounced in Group II, in which mean arterial blood pressure fell by 18% (p less than 0.05) and mean intracranial pressure decreased 50% (p less than 0.01), whereas in Group I mean arterial blood pressure was reduced by 16% and mean intracranial pressure dropped 23% (p less than 0.05 in each).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1988

Disappearing false aneurysm of the ventricular septum without rupture: a complication of acute inferior myocardial infarction--a case report.

An interseptal false aneurysm of the left ventricle due to the dissection of the septum in a patient with acute inferior myocardial infarction is described. The aneurysm was demonstrated as a cystic bulge of the left ventricular cavity into the inferoposterior interventricular septum with a small orifice from the left ventricle without any protrusion or rupture into the right ventricular cavity. Two-dimensional echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dynamic computed tomography were the most useful and reliable noninvasive diagnostic modalities. Repeated examinations demonstrated a significant reduction of the aneurysm in six months.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Anti asialo GM1 antibody detected in the patients' sera from systemic lupus erythematosus and Behçet's diseases with neurological manifestations.

A high incidence of antibody to asialo GM1 was observed in the sera from the patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Behçet's disease with neurological manifestations, using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and Thin-layer Chromatography (TLC) immunostaining. The sera from 60 out of 102 cases of SLE with neurological disorders and 6 out of 10 patients with neuro Behçet's disease showed antibody activity against asialo GM1 but not against the asialo GM2, GM1 and galactocerebroside. In 7 out of 123 cases SLE having a history without neurological manifestations and 1 out of 19 Behçet's patients without neurological disorders, antiasialo GM1 antibody could be detectable. However, sera from the patients with other autoimmune diseases, such as RA (60 cases) and P S S (32 cases) or from normal subjects did not show any antibody activity against asialo GM1. Antiasialo GM1 antibody activity presents in both IgM and IgG immunoglobulin classes by class specific ELISA and TLC immunostaining. These studies suggest that detection of antiasialo GM1 antibody may be useful in clinical diagnosis and these autoantibody plays a important role in the pathogenesis of neurological manifestations accompanying SLE and Neuro-Behçet's disease.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1988

A case of postpartum hypopituitarism (Sheehan's syndrome) associated with severe hyponatremia and congestive heart failure.

A case of a 69-year-old woman with postpartum hypopituitarism (Sheehan's syndrome) associated with congestive heart failure and severe hyponatremia is reported. She developed congestive heart failure after cholecystectomy, and marked improvement was noted by treatment with oxygen, digoxin, furosemide, and dopamine. Two weeks after surgery, she became confused, and hyponatremia, 106 mEq/l, was detected. She was referred to us. Past history revealed postpartum hemorrhage at the age of 34, followed by a failure to lactate, menoschesis, and loss of pubic hair and axillary hair. Hypertonic saline (1.5%) infusion and water restriction increased her serum sodium concentration into the low normal range. Despite hyponatremia, serum vasopressin was not suppressed. Basal levels of pituitary hormones were low, and they did not respond to provocation tests. Marked impairment of water excretion was noted, and plasma vasopressin was not suppressed during a water-loading test. These results suggest that inappropriately increased vasopressin played an important role in impaired water excretion, and this defect could have been responsible for the development of hyponatremia and congestive heart failure in this patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocyte responses to retinal-specific antigens in uveitis patients and healthy subjects.

A modified procedure for measuring human lymphocyte responses to retinal antigens was introduced and found to be highly sensitive. The main modifications are the use of round bottom culture wells, high antigen concentrations (up to 100 micrograms/ml) and extended incubation time (up to 9 days). Using this procedure, the majority of patients with uveitis, as well as a large proportion of healthy donors were found to respond positively (S.I. greater than or equal to 2.0) toward S-antigen and interphoto-receptor retinoid-binding protein. The responses to the retinal antigens were further enhanced by enriching the cultured lymphocytes for the helper/inducer subset. The responses to the retinal antigens were inferior to those against tuberculin (PPD), in particular in subjects who had been inoculated with BCG. The "secondary" responses to PPD were always higher in magnitude, were stimulated by markedly lower concentrations of antigen and were detected earlier in culture. The notion that the responses to retinal antigen in healthy donors are "primary" in nature was further supported by the findings that (a) lymphocytes from cord blood samples resembled adult lymphocytes in their response to S-Ag and (b) healthy donor lymphocytes which were prestimulated in vitro with S-Ag reacted to this protein by a specific "secondary" fashion. The possible involvement of lymphocytes with reactivity toward retinal antigens in pathogenic autoimmune processes in the eye is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

A cell line and clones of lymphocytes from a healthy donor, with specificity to S-antigen.

Retinal-specific antigens can induce autoimmune diseases in eyes of immunized experimental animals and are thought to be involved in certain uveitic conditions in man. We have recently found that peripheral blood lymphocytes from a large proportion of healthy donors react in culture against the retinal S-antigen (S-Ag), when tested by a modified sensitive assay. The investigation of this responsiveness was extended by isolation and characterization of a cell line and clones specific to S-Ag from the blood of a healthy donor. Characterization of the cell line and clones by flow cytometry showed that these lymphocytes carried antigens specific for helper/inducer T cells (CD3 and CD4). The response of the cell line and clones to S-Ag depended completely on added antigen-presenting cells (APC), and was MHC-restricted; no response was observed in cultures with APC carrying incompatible MHC antigens. The cell line and clones reacted to S-Ag considerably more vigorously than the freshly collected blood lymphocytes from the same donor. These data thus provide additional support to the notion that lymphocytes with reactivity toward retinal specific antigens are present in the circulation of normal donors. The possibility that such cells could be involved in pathogenic autoimmune processes in the eye is discussed.

Antigens↗