Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Heyden

Publications and source records attributed to S Heyden.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Intervention study in high school students with elevated blood pressures. Dietary experiment with polyunsaturated fatty acids.

A blood pressure-lowering effect of increased prostaglandin synthesis via polyunsaturated fatty acids has been demonstrated in animal experiments. To our knowledge, for the first time an attempt was made to lower elevated blood pressures in adolescents (age 15-18 years) through a diet enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids. This community-based dietary trial involved 30 students in the diet group and 20 students in the control group without any dietary intervention. Within 6 weeks the systolic blood pressure decreased by almost 11 mm Hg in the diet group and by 6 mm Hg in the control group. Diastolic blood pressure fell by 2 and 1 mm Hg, respectively. The effect on blood pressure was markedly different in normal weight adolescents. Systolic blood pressure in the diet group decreased by 14 mm Hg but only by 5 mm Hg in the control group. Diastolic blood pressure levels fell by 4 mm Hg in the diet group and increased by 4 mm Hg in the control group. Unfortunately, the numbers in these two comparison groups were rather small. The majority (70%) of adolescents with high blood pressure was overweight (greater than or equal to 20% above normal weight). However, for the small group of normal weight adolescents, the diet enriched with polyunsaturated fatty acids may be suitable to reduce elevated blood pressure levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Dietary effects on blood pressure.

Low density potassium intake, particularly among black hypertensive patients, appears to contribute significantly to this disease and its major sequellae. The high sodium intake of industrialized societies and the epidemic prevalence of hypertension must be considered in the light of a relatively greater urinary potassium excretion as compared to a low-sodium diet with a lower urinary potassium excretion. There is no reason to assume that weight reduction per se is the major contributor to lowering of elevated blood pressure levels although claims to this effect have been made. In general, a high-caloric diet is loaded with sodium while a low-energy diet has a drastically reduced sodium content. The hypothesis that a higher dietary linoleic acid intake via increased prostaglandin synthesis may lead to natriuresis and a drop in blood pressure levels is an interesting development which needs more testing.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1980

Apolipoprotein A-I, A-II and C-II in black and white residents of Evans County.

Plasma levels of lipids, lipoprotein-cholesterol and three major apolipoproteins (ApoA-I, A-II and C-II) were studied in 318 black and white males and females randomly sampled in Evans County, Georgia. Black-white differences in lipid and lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations were observed, with low-density fractions higher in whites and high-density fractions higher in blacks. Plasma levels of ApoA-I but not ApoA-II were higher in blacks than in whites and in females than in males. ApoC-II concentrations were lower in black than in white men and women. Black-white differences in atherogenic lipoprotein fractions were statistically explained (in the sense of association, not necessarily of causal process) by the differences in ApoC-II concentrations between the race groups. Black-white differences in anti etherogenic high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol were greater than statistically predicted by differences in ApoA lipoprotein levels. The findings are indicative of black-white differences in lipoprotein composition.

Apolipoproteins↗
PubMed1980

Mortality surveillance in collaborative trials.

The Hypertension Detection and Follow-Up Program (HDFP) carried out two pilot surveillances covering the enumerated population to test procedures to be used in assessing the ability of the program to influence life expectancy in the total population. A rigorously sequenced pilot survey of 2,611 households was conducted and carefully monitored through two mailings, telephone contacts, home visits, and communication with "contact" persons. The response rates at each stage varied among the 13 centers. Overall, there was a 42.7% yield from the first mailing; 42.5% of those receiving a second mailing was completed; 78.0% for telephone 61.3% for the home visits and 55.2% from the "contact" persons. Overall, 97.4% of all persons had vital status ascertained. The second phase relaxed the rigorous sequential survey requirements and reduced the reporting requirements from every ten days to monthly. Overall, 93.3% were successfully ascertained. Reduced survey structure, slightly increased mobility (from 12% to 13%), increased workload from 200 to 400 households per center, and a longer time interval between initial enumeration and the mortality ascertainment are among the reasons for performance decline.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The combined effect of smoking and coffee drinking on LDL and HDL cholesterol.

Conflicting reports on the effect of smoking and coffee drinking on lipoproteins prompted us to study the combined effect of these two associated, widely prevalent habits in 361 persons randomly sampled from the Evans County cohort. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly higher among persons who smoked cigarettes and consumed five or more cups of coffee per day than among nonsmokers who abstained from coffee. Conversely, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was higher in persons who did not smoke or drink coffee than in coffee-consuming smokers. However, this trend was not statistically significant. Triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol were highest among smokers who drank five or more cups of coffee per day, but these differences did not reach statistical significance. Lipoprotein cholesterol levels were adjusted for age, sex and body mass. Smoking and coffee drinking interact in affecting LDL and total cholesterol, but coffee drinking alone did not appear to affect blood lipids.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Frequency of church attendance and blood pressure elevation.

Blood pressure levels were examined with regard to church attendance patterns in a group of white male heads of households who appeared in the 1967-1969 follow-up examination of the Evans County Cardiovascular Epidemiologic Study. A consistent pattern of lower systolic and diastolic blood pressures among frequent church attenders was found compared to that of infrequent attenders which was not due to the effects of age, obesity, cigarette smoking, or socioeconomic status.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

The workinghman's diet. II. Effect of weight reduction in obese patients with hypertension, diabetes, hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia.

Weight reduction is almost always successful in cases of essential hypertension if and when the weight loss is accompanied by a drastic sodium reduction. (2) Weight normalization is of remarkable help in complete reversal of abnormal glucose tolerance, decrease in insulin requirement in manifest diabetes mellitus, and - in many patients with mild diabetes - discontinuation of oral hypoglycemic agents. (3) Weight loss will occasionally relieve gout patients of their symptoms. The majority of hyperuricemic patients will benefit with a lowering of serum uric acid levels. (4) An unresolved issue is the influence of weight reduction on the cholesterol metabolism - short- and long-term results are by no means predictable. Whereas the triglycerides in obese patients almost always return to lower serum concentrations, and with them the hyperlipoproteinemias of type IIB, III and IV, the type IIA is only rarely seen in association with obesity. Therefore, information on this lipid abnormality is very limited regarding the effect of weight loss.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1978

Coffee consumption and mortality. Total mortality, stroke mortality, and coronary heart disease mortality.

Total mortality showed no association with coffee usage in the four race-sex groups of Evans County, Georgia. Deaths of coronary heart disease (CHD) in white men and women and black men showed no statistically significant difference between high and low coffee consumers. In an area that has been designated as the "Stroke Belt," neither CHD nor cerebrovascular death rates seem related to coffee-drinking habits. However, to refute or confirm the allegations of a detrimental influence of high coffee intake, larger samples are needed. Nevertheless, our finding that mortality from all causes is not increased in the high coffee-consuming group means that a finding of increased CHD mortality with high coffee consumption would have to be compensated by a protective lower rate for other causes of death.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The influence of increased dietary linoleate on essential hypertension in man.

A pilot study testing the hypothesis of a blood pressure lowering effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids was conducted in Evans County, Georgia. A moderate increase of dietary linoleic acid significantly decreased diastolic blood pressure in eight borderline hypertensives who were otherwise healthy, within four weeks. The change was not due to a reduced sodium content of the diet. A significant increase in creatinine excretion and clearance was noted, indicating an improvement in kidney function which might explain the blood pressure lowering effect of the fat-modified diet.

Adult↗