[Ca channel blocker and the eye].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S Hayasaka
Publications and source records attributed to S Hayasaka.
Primary cornea guttata in Japanese patients with cataract: specular microscopic observations.
To evaluate the prevalence of primary cornea guttata (the first stage of Fuchs' dystrophy) in Japanese patients, we retrospectively examined specular photomicrographs of patients' cataracts. Primary cornea guttata in subjects without corneal inflammation was defined as dark areas, seen on specular microscopy, and irregular refractile dots, observed with slit-lamp microscopy. In 107 patients with cataract (211 eyes), primary cornea guttata was found in 4 women (7 eyes), aged 56 to 76 years. One eye of patient 4, who had a history of angle-closure glaucoma and laser iridotomy, had bullous keratopathy. We also examined 16 relatives (32 eyes) of these 4 affected patients (probands), and found 2 women (4 eyes) with primary cornea guttata. No hereditary influence was identified. We believe that the incidence of primary cornea guttata (Fuchs' dystrophy) in Japan is lower than that in North America.
Adult↗
Ocular findings in Japanese women with nevus of Ota.
BACKGROUND: Nevus of Ota is common in Japanese women, but most patients are not examined ophthalmologically. METHODS: We performed ophthalmologic examinations on 16 Japanese women who had had bluish pigmentation in the periorbital region, sclera, and conjunctiva since birth. RESULTS: Fifteen patients had unilateral involvement, and one had bilateral lesions. The visual acuities were good, and the intraocular pressures were within normal range. All patients had a negative family history. Three patients had light pigmentation in the optic disc in the affected eye. CONCLUSION: We believe that optic disc pigmentation associated with nevus of Ota, as found in these three patients, may be common but have been rarely described.
Adolescent↗
Immunohistochemical localization of epidermal growth factor receptor and epithelial antigen in tumors of the human conjunctiva, eyelid, lacrimal gland, and orbit.
BACKGROUND: Increased numbers of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors are observed in squamous cell carcinomas of human lung, head, neck, and cervix. We studied the presence of EGF receptors and epithelial antigen in some ophthalmic lesions. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining for EGF receptors was assessed in tumors of human conjunctiva, eyelid, lacrimal glands, and orbit with monoclonal antibodies (EGF-R1 and clone 29.1). Reactivity of Ber-EP4, which recognizes epithelial antigen, was also examined. RESULTS: Strong staining of EGF-R1 and clone 29.1 and weak to moderate staining of Ber-EP4 were demonstrated in conjunctival squamous cell carcinomas. Cell membranes of conjunctival papilloma were moderately or strongly stained with these antibodies. Ductal components in sebaceous gland adenoma of the eyelid and pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland were positively stained. The antibodies did not bind to reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the orbit and Wegener's granulomatosis. Relatively good correlation for immunostaining reaction was observed among EGF-R1, clone 29.1, and Ber-EP4 in each tumor. CONCLUSION: Immunostaining using EGF-R1, clone 29.1, and Ber-EP4 may be useful in differentiating epithelial tumors from non-epithelial lesions. Strong immunostaining for EGF receptor may be the hallmark of epidermoid malignancy.
Adenoma↗
Nondetectable S-cone electroretinogram in a patient with crystalline retinopathy.
We examined cone and rod electroretinograms to ganzfeld stimuli in a patient with crystalline retinopathy. The 54-year-old man complained of night blindness, blurred vision, and metamorphopsia in both eyes. His visual acuity was 10/200 in the right eye and 10/20 in the left eye; his subjective dark-adaptation threshold was elevated 1 log unit, and he made one tritan error on the Farnsworth Panel D-15. Specular microscopic examinations revealed tiny crystalline deposits in the limbal cornea bilaterally. Ophthalmoscopically, crystalline deposits were found in the posterior fundi. His light-adapted cone electroretinograms to white stimuli were diminished (about 30% of those of normal controls), with normal implicit times. His dark-adapted rod electroretinogram amplitudes were 10% of those of normal controls. The S-cone electroretinogram was not detectable to different spectral stimuli with strong white background, while the L-M-cone responses appeared normal in waveforms with reduced amplitude. These ERG results indicated that the patient's S-cone system is more highly impaired than the L-M-cone system, supporting the psychophysical evidence that the S-cone system is more vulnerable than other cone systems in retinal diseases.
Dark Adaptation↗
Central retinal vein occlusion in a patient with anorexia nervosa.
PURPOSE/METHODS: We evaluated a unilateral retinal vascular abnormality in a 21-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa. RESULTS/CONCLUSION: The patient had weight loss, amenorrhea, and anemia. The left eye had a nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion and a visual acuity of 20/200. With treatment, the retinal hemorrhages disappeared and visual acuity in the left eye improved to 20/20. Central retinal vein occlusion may be a rare complication of anorexia nervosa.
Adult↗
Retinopathy and subconjunctival haemorrhage in patients with chronic viral hepatitis receiving interferon alfa.
A total of 43 patients (86 eyes) with chronic viral hepatitis were examined prospectively before and after the start of interferon therapy. Of 37 non-diabetic patients, 23 (group A1) did not have retinopathy or subconjunctival haemorrhage, 11 (group A2) developed retinopathy, and three (group A3) exhibited subconjunctival haemorrhage during the treatment. In most eyes, the retinopathy disappeared after therapy was stopped. Of six diabetic patients, three (group B1) developed retinopathy and three (group B2) showed progression of existing retinopathy. Thrombocytopenia was not associated with the retinopathy in any patient. The patients' good visual acuity remained unchanged, even after retinal changes appeared. Ophthalmologists should be aware that retinopathy and subconjunctival haemorrhage may develop in patients with chronic viral hepatitis receiving interferon therapy.
Adult↗
Intracameral ascorbic acid, glutathione and protein levels in albino and pigmented rabbits.
We performed a comparative investigation into differences between albino and pigmented rabbits in respect of intracameral concentrations of ascorbic acid, glutathione and total protein with high-performance liquid chromatography. The intracameral concentrations of reduced ascorbic acid, total ascorbic acid, reduced glutathione, total glutathione and protein in albino rabbits were similar (p > 0.05) to those in pigmented rabbits.
Animals↗
Elevated anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer in a patient with atypical orbital pseudotumor.
We recently examined a patient with ophthalmic manifestations of Wegener's granulomatosis in whom antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (cANCA) titers provided helpful diagnostic information. A 40-year-old man who had suffered from bilateral exophthalmos for 9 months was diagnosed initially as having idiopathic inflammatory pseudotumor. The patient exhibited purulent nasal discharge and microhematuria. A histopathologic study revealed vasculitis. His ANCA titer for cANCA was found to be evaluated, and our patient was subsequently diagnosed as having Wegener's granulomatosis. His ocular symptoms resolved and did not recur after treatment with corticosteroid in combination with cyclophosphamide. We believe that cANCA levels should be investigated in patients with orbital pseudotumor as a possible sign of Wegener's granulomatosis.
Adult↗
Concurrent acute angle-closure glaucoma, choroidal detachment and exudative retinal detachment in a patient with spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula.
A 61-year-old woman had proptosis, pulsation of the globe, orbital bruit and epibulbar congestion in the left eye. The cavernous sinus appeared enlarged by computed tomography. No trauma was noted. Despite the lack of carotid angiographic findings, the patient was diagnosed as having spontaneous carotid cavernous fistula. No surgery was performed. At the age of 67 years, the patient complained of pain in the left eye. Acute angle-closure glaucoma, choroidal detachment and exudative retinal detachment were concurrently found in the left eye. An ocular pulse on the tonography reading in the left eye was larger than in the right eye. Concurrent acute angle-closure glaucoma, choroidal detachment and exudative retinal detachment with carotid cavernous fistula, as found in our patient, may be rare.
Acetazolamide↗
Mild retinal changes in a 47-year-old patient with phytanic acid storage disease.
A 47-year-old man complained of poor near vision. He had chronic polyneuropathy, bilateral shortening of the proximal phalanges, and ichthyosis. His serum phytanic acid level was merkedly elevated. The fundus and fluorescein angiograms showed diffuse fine granular changes throughout the retina. However, no pigmentary retinal degeneration, vessel attenuation, or disk atrophy was found. The visual field and dark adaptation results were normal. The electroretinogram demonstrated mildly subnormal rod responses with normal implicit times and cone responses within the normal range. The S-cone electroretinogram showed decreased amplitude and normal implicit time. These ophthalmological findings were not consistent with classical retinitis pigmentosa. We believe that this patient may have an uncommon type of adult Refsum's disease.
Atrophy↗
Clinical features of episcleritis and scleritis in some Japanese patients.
We retrospectively examined 52 patients (60 eyes) with episcleritis and scleritis. Their mean ages were 57 and 47 years, respectively. Slight female predominance was noted. Most patients had unilateral involvement. The ocular symptoms at the initial visit were redness and ocular pain. Some eyes with scleritis were complicated with uveitis, corneal lesions, and elevated intraocular pressure. In most affected eyes, corticosteroid eyedrops alone resolved the disease. We believe that in addition to ophthalmological examinations, standard physical and specific laboratory investigations should be performed in patients with episcleritis and scleritis.
Adolescent↗
Recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhages in patients with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis.
We examined two women who had keratic precipitates, minimal intracameral cells and flare, diffuse iris stromal atrophy, posterior subcapsular cataract, and vitreous opacities in their left eyes. No ocular pain, photophobia, or posterior synechia was noted. Their right irises appeared brown. Heterochromia was evident in both patients. Recurrent subconjunctival hemorrhages were also in their affected left eyes. It is possible that subconjunctival hemorrhages in our patients may be associated with Fuchs' heterochromic iridocyclitis.
Atrophy↗
Effects of different doses of gamma-radiation on the developing brain of mice.
Morphogenetic changes in the developing brain induced by doses of 60Co gamma-irradiation ranging from 0 to 1.5 Gy on day 13 of pregnancy (E13) were studied in 6-week-old mice. Dose-related reductions in brain weight and cortical thickness (field 3 of Caviness) were significant for all irradiated groups, but abnormal cortical architecture was evident only in mice exposed to 1.0 and 1.5 Gy. Ectopic gray matter, enlarged lateral ventricles, and the absence of trunks from the corpus callosum were observed respectively in 23%, 30% and 10% of the mice exposed to 1.0 Gy, but these anomalies rose to 90%, 82% and 35% of the mice, respectively, when 1.5 Gy irradiation was applied. Brain malformations identical to the small heads and ectopic gray matter typically observed among atomic bomb survivors were reproduced in mice exposed to 1.5 Gy irradiation on E13.
Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
Scanning microscopic evaluation on the development of the cerebral cortex in embryonic mouse subjected to gamma-irradiation.
Morphological events occurring in the developing cerebral hemispheres of mice exposed to a single dose of 60Co gamma-irradiation 1.5 Gy on embryonic day 13 (E13) were evaluated by scanning microscope. Twenty-four hr after the exposure, both cell debris and surviving cells had poured out into the ventricular lumen. Radial glial fibers were more crumpled than in the controls. By day E15, proliferating cells in different stages of the cell cycle appeared in the ventricular zone. The glial fibers formed a network through the brain mantle. By E17 many migrating cells attached to the disorderly glial fibers appeared in the different layers of the thin cerebral mantle. These findings suggest that development of the glial fibers was interrupted as early as 24 hr after the single exposure, meaning that irradiation on the developing brain may disrupt neuronal migration.
Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
[Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with coincidental thoracic injury. Successful bronchoalveolar lavage with a modified fiberoptic bronchoscope].
A 65-year-old laborer suffered thoracic injury in an accident. Ribs were fractured and chest X-ray films showed coincidental ground-glass, like opacities in both lung fields. CT indicated the possibility of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, which was confirmed by histological examination of the specimen obtained during therapeutic bronchoalveolar lavage. A modified fiberoptic bronchoscope with a wedge device was used for segmental bronchoalveolar lavage. The wedge derice on a pediatric flexible fiberoptic bronchosiope allowed irrigation of six independent pulmonary segments, with no complication. Six months after discharge, the patient had no evidence of relapse.
Aged↗
Blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, amblyopia, and menstrual abnormality in sisters.
Two sisters with blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus were examined. Both patients also had amblyopia in the right eye and menstrual abnormalities associated with elevated serum luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. The patients' father was suspected of having blepharophimosis and ptosis. It is possible that the blepharophimosis syndrome observed in this family is of autosomal dominant inheritance. We believe that this condition of blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, telecanthus, amblyopia, and menstrual abnormality found in our patients may be rare, and that the menstrual abnormality in these patients may be associated with ovarial failure.
Adult↗
Bilateral microphthalmos with poor visual acuity, high hyperopia, and papillomacular retinal folds in siblings.
Ophthalmological examinations were carried out on a 4-year old girl and her 2-year-old brother who have had poor visual acuity since birth. A consanguineous relationship was found between the parents. Both children had bilateral microphthalmos, poor visual acuity, high hyperopia, and papillomacular retinal folds. No ocular coloboma or systemic abnormality was found. We believe that the ophthalmic findings in these patients are rare.
Child, Preschool↗