Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Hayasaka.
A 70-year-old man was treated with scleral buckling surgery and photocoagulation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. One year later, serous choroidal detachment occurred after spontaneous expulsion of the episcleral exoplant. To our knowledge, this is an uncommon cause of choroidal detachment.
Eighty patients (99 eyes) with primary pterygia were treated with excision, with or without additional therapy, and were followed up for three to eight years after treatment. Of 29 eyes that underwent excision and postoperative instillation of 0.02% mitomycin C, there were only two recurrences. The other eyes were treated with excision only, excision and radiation, or excision and 0.04% mitomycin C. Instillation of 0.02% mitomycin C reduced the recurrence rate significantly (P less than .01). Only one of the 29 eyes (3%) treated with excision and 0.02% mitomycin C had a complication, the lowest rate of all groups postoperatively. We found the postoperative instillation of 0.02% mitomycin C, twice a day for five days, to be effective and safe in the treatment of primary pterygium.
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We examined a family that had aniridia, microcornea, and spontaneously reabsorbed cataract in three members in three generations. An autosomal dominant inheritance for these features was strongly suggested. We believe that a spontaneously reabsorbed cataract is particularly unusual in association with aniridia.
We examined a Japanese family with Alport's syndrome; four members of family showed hematuria or renal failure and two had a hearing disturbance. The proband was a 5-year-old boy who had hematuria but normal renal function and yellow-white flecks in the perimacular region of both eyes.
We studied biochemically the regional distribution of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and alpha-L-fucosidase activities in the human retina and choroid. The N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity showed no regional difference. The alpha-L-fucosidase activity was higher in the macula than in other areas.
We examined spectrophotometrically the ability of drugs to bind with dopa-auto-oxidation melanin or tyrosinase-catalyzed dopa-melanin. Each drug, at 5 X 10(-5) M, was incubated at 37 degrees C for 8 h with 0.4 mg of synthetic melanins in 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 or in 20 mM acetate buffer at pH 4.8. Chloroquine, thioridazine, befunolol, pindolol, daunomycin and 5-fluorouracil bound to melanin at pH 7.0 and 4.8. Methotrexate bound to melanin at pH 4.8, but not at pH 7.0. Pilocarpine, epinephrine, acyclovir, vincristine and colchicine did not bind to dopa-auto-oxidation melanin or tyrosinase-catalyzed dopa-melanin.
We treated two patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus in whom hyphema and hemorrhagic glaucoma occurred. Case 1 complained of facial skin eruption, and was given intravenous acyclovir for 7 days. Hyphema and high intraocular pressure occurred in the left eye 10 days after the onset of the skin eruption. Case 2 had severe pain and blisters on her face, and was given intravenous acyclovir for 7 days. An intracameral hemorrhage and glaucoma developed in the right eye 15 days after the onset of the skin lesion. Intravenous acyclovir may be necessary for longer than 7-day periods if the iridocyclitis remains.
We examined a 63-year-old woman with retinal telangiectasia, aneurysms, a ring of fatty exudate, and pigmented chorioretinal atrophic lesions in the right eye. Leber's miliary aneurysm was diagnosed, although this disorder is known to have a high incidence mainly in young boys. The pigmented chorioretinal scars appear to be sequelae of spontaneously regressing retinal lesions.
A 54-year-old man with diabetes mellitus had abnormal choroidal vessels in the right eye. Whirled tributaries, the choroidal part of the vortex vein, and the scleral canal beneath the central foveal area were visible. This is a rare case of vortex veins in the macula.
An 11-year-old Japanese girl had a greenish-gray, slightly elevated lesion at the optic disc and juxtapapillary retina of the right eye that was diagnosed as a combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. A gliotic epiretinal membrane partially covered the lesion. Tortuous retinal vessels, which leaked fluorescein dye, were noted ophthalmoscopically. The lesion remained stable during a follow-up period of 1 year. After reviewing the Japanese literature, we concluded that the combined hamartoma may not be as rare in Japan as previously thought.
We examined a 52-year-old man with bilateral symmetric lesions of the cornea and fundus. The corneal lesions were compatible with granular dystrophy, and the fundus lesions were consistent with cone dystrophy. The simultaneous occurrence of these dystrophies may be uncommon.
Recently, the authors treated two mentally retarded and nearly blind children whose eyes were injured by autostimulation. Case 1, who has Joubert's syndrome associated with Leber's congenital amaurosis, continued to press his left eye with his hands, and a severe corneal ulcer ensued. Case 2, who is suspected of having optic atrophy or cortical blindness, looked too closely at a bright light and burned his eyelid.
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We examined in vitro the effect of several drugs on the activities of lysosomal enzymes in the crude extract of bovine retinal pigment epithelial cells. Acid phosphatase, beta-D-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, alpha-L-fucosidase, and alpha-D-mannosidase were used as lysosomal enzymes. Sodium iodate at 10(-6), 10(-5) and 10(-4) M, and potassium iodate at 10(-5) and 10(-4) M inhibited acid phosphatase activity. Ferrous chloride at 10(-5) and 10(-4) M suppressed beta-D-glucuronidase activity. Ferric chloride, indomethacin, chloroquine, chlorpromazine, 5-fluorouracil, tobramycin, daunomycin, oxalate and epinephrine had no or only minimal inhibitory effects on the lysosomal enzyme activities examined.
We examined four patients with moyamoya disease who had ocular symptoms. The diagnosis of the disease was based on an abnormal vascular network in the cerebral basilar region, observed by carotid angiography. One patient had amaurosis fugax. A second patient demonstrated bilaterally decreased visual acuity and visual spatial agnosia. The other two patients had homonymous hemianopsia; one also had transient diplopia and the other had temporal pallor of the optic disks. We found that patients with moyamoya disease exhibited various ocular symptoms but had few abnormal intraocular findings.
We determined the immunoreactive opsin content in the subretinal fluid from 16 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The opsin content decreased, with the duration of the detachment, but there was no correlation between opsin content and the age of the patient or the extent of the retinal detachment.