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Biomedical subjects

S Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Hashimoto.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Antidiabetic effects of an oral administration of Lactobacillus casei in a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) model using KK-Ay mice.

The antidiabetic effects of Lactobacillus casei (LC) on a non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) model, KK-Ay mice, were investigated. The oral administration of LC to male 4-week-old KK-Ay mice, or raising the mice on a 0.05% LC-containing diet significantly decreased the plasma glucose at 8 to 10 weeks of age compared with the control group. The body weights of the LC-treated groups were lower than those of the control group, although the food intake was nearly the same in all groups. Phenotypic analysis of spleen cell surface markers revealed that the increase in CD4+ T cells at 12 weeks was significantly inhibited by the oral treatment with LC. Cytokine production, especially that of interferon-gamma and interleukin 2, was also inhibited in the oral LC-treated group. The plasma insulin levels of the LC-treated groups were also lower than those of the control group, and the insulin binding potential of red blood cells in the LC-treated mice was augmented more than that in the control group. Taken together, these findings led us to conclude that the oral administration of LC in the NIDDM model mice, KK-Ay, was involved in the decrease in the plasma glucose level and modified the host immune responses.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Rapidly progressive renal failure occurring in the course of pyoderma gangrenosum and IgA (lambda) monoclonal gammopathy.

A 50-year-old man with a 7-year history of an ulcerative rash on the lower extremities had rapidly progressive renal failure. Monoclonal IgA (lambda) was detected in his serum. Kidney biopsy revealed proliferative glomerulonephritis with dominant IgA and C3 deposition, compatible with IgA nephropathy. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-lambda chain was negative and electron microscopic examination revealed deposits in subendothelial and mesangial areas. The findings on the skin biopsy were consistent with that of a pyoderma gangrenosum. The patient was treated with prednisolone pulse therapy followed by oral prednisolone. Renal function gradually and almost completely improved and proteinuria disappeared.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1997

Brain metastasis in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

A 55-year-old male who had a remote history of occupational asbestos exposure consulted us because of chest pain. Chest X-ray revealed diffuse pleural thickening and pleural effusion on the right. A diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma, biphasic type was made by needle pleural biopsy. Fourteen months later, the patient died of brain metastasis. At autopsy, malignant mesothelioma of the pleura with metastasis to the brain and bilateral adrenal glands was observed. Brain metastases proven by autopsy are rare in cases of malignant mesothelioma. The ferruginous body count in the lung tissue was 16 per gram of wet weight.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Effects of misclassification and temporal change of response in food frequency on risk ratio.

Misclassification and temporal changes of food consumption frequencies were estimated under the statistical models with some assumptions, and their effects on risk ratios were evaluated. Food frequencies of 27 items in 214 subjects were doubly measured by a questionnaire with 2 weeks interval, and those in 326 subjects were measured in 1989, 1993 and 1994. Median of probabilities of misclassification in responses among 27 food items was estimated to be 0.12. Medians of proportions of persons whose responses in 1989 were different from those after 5 years, were calculated to be 35% with misclassification and 27% without misclassification. For the true risk ratio of 3, medians of the risk ratios of dietary habits during 5 years, based on food frequencies measured at 1989, were observed to be 2.2 in case of responses with misclassification, and 1.7 in case of responses with misclassification and temporal changes. These suggested that the risk ratios of food frequencies would be seriously affected by misclassification and temporal changes in responses.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Estimated prevalence and incidence of adult Still's disease: findings by a nationwide epidemiological survey in Japan.

To estimate prevalence and incidence of adult Still's disease in Japan, and to describe the epidemiological features of the patients, a nationwide epidemiological survey was conducted in 1994. The study consisted of two questionnaires which were distributed to the heads of the relevant departments, randomly sampled, in hospitals throughout Japan. Following major epidemiological findings emerged from the study: (a) The total annual number of patients treated for adult Still's disease was estimated as 1,100 in 1993 in Japan. The estimated crude prevalence among those aged 16 years or older were calculated as 0.73 and 1.47 per 100,000 population for males and females, respectively, with the corresponding crude incidence rate of 0.22 and 0.34. (b) The sex ratio (female to male) of the reported patients was 2.1. This female predominance might be specific to Japan, though additional surveys in other countries will be warranted. The mean age of the patients was 38.1 years, and female patients tended to be older than male ones; 50% of the female patients aged 40 years or older, while so did only 28% of the male patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Studies on bacillary dysentery cases of overseas travellers--during 1979 to 1995].

A total of 36,780,440 overseas travellers during 1979-1995 (17 years) were quarantined at Osaka and Kansai Airport Quarantine Station, 84,777 travellers reported themselves suffer from diarrhoea. Stools from 29,587 persons were bacteriologically examined. Various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 9,766 (33.0%) patients of the stools examined. Isolated species were as follows: Plesiomonas shigelloides (3,234 cases); Salmonella spp. (2,236 cases); enterotoxgenic Escherichia coli (1,621 cases); Vibrio parahaemolyticus (1,959 cases); and Shigella spp. (1,242 cases). 1,278 different Shigella strains were isolated from 1,242 cases who were thus diagnosed as bacillary dysentery patients. The suspected regions or countries for infection of these cases were analysed. The serovars and antibiotic-sensitivities of the isolated strains were examined. Colicine typing of S. sonnei strains were also done. The results can be summarized as follows. 1) The most cases (53.4%) were infected in India. 2) The percentage distribution of sub-species of the strains was as follows; S. sonnei (57.8%), S flexneri (29.8%), S. boydii (8.4%), and S. dysenteriae (4.0%), respectively. 3) The major colicine type of S. sonnei strains were type 6 and 0. 4) The percentage of Antibiotic-resistant strains of each sub-species was S. dysenteriae (92.2%), S. sonnei (89.4%), S. flexneri (87.1%), and S. boydii (84.9%), respectively. The percentage of Antibiotic-resistant strains of S. flexneri were increased annually.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[A case of porocarcinoma arising on the penile shaft].

BACKGROUND: Porocarcinoma is a rare eccrine sweat gland tumor, and a varied treatment is not yet determined for metastatic disease because of the chemo-resistant and radio-resistant nature of this tumor. CASE: This report describes a case of porocarcinoma arising on the penile shaft of 83-year-old man with extensive lymph node metastases. He was treated with emasculation and bilateral ilio-inguinal lymph node dissection. Histological examination of the resected tumor showed a homogeneous round cells with duct-like formation in some part and Pagetoid infiltration was also noted in the dermis. Immunohistochemical examination demonstrated a positive CEA and negative S-100 staining and this result was consistent with the pathological diagnosis of porocarcinoma. One course of chemotherapy which consisted of methotrexate, cisplatin, adriamycin, and bleomycin was given to the patient following surgery for the treatment of residual lymph nodes in the paraaortic area. Abdominal CT scan revealed partial response, about -94% shrinkage, after one course of chemotherapy. The duration of the response lasted four 4 months. He died of pneumonia caused by MRSA after 4 months and the autopsy revealed multiple liver metastases and a massive infiltration of tumor cells in the bone marrow of lumbar vertebra. CONCLUSIONS: There is no definite treatment modality available for metastatic porocarcinoma. Because of the patient's age, only one course of chemotherapy was given, however, a fairly good response against this rare tumor suggested that this new regimen might be effective against porocarcinoma.

Acrospiroma↗
PubMed1997

[Chronic myelogenous leukemia expressing two bcr-abl chimeric mRNA; a case report].

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) expresses two types of bcr-abl chimeric mRNA. One is b3a2 type in which bcr exon 3 binds to abl exon 2, the other is b2a2 type that bcr exon 2 binds to abl exon 2. Either bcr-abl is normally expressed, but both types of bcr-abl mRNA can be expressed at the same time in a patient. We report here a rare case of CML expressing two types of bcr-abl mRNA and discuss the possibility that this double expression would help to monitor the clinical course of CML.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Comparison of long-term survival between bone marrow transplantation and maintenance chemotherapy for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first remission].

To clarify the efficacy of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for adult ALL in first remission we retrospectively studied long-term outcomes of adult ALL patients of age between 15 and 44 years who were treated in our institute from 1980 to 1990. In this period thirteen patients with HLA compatible donors were offered allogeneic BMT during the first remission, while 16 patients without HLA-compatible donor were treated with maintenance chemotherapy (Cancer Chemoth Pharmacology 33:359-365, 1994). Patient and disease characteristics (age, leukocyte count at presentation, immunophenotype, Ph1 chromosome, and duration to first remission) in the two groups were not significantly different (chi-square test p > 0.1). As causes of treatment failure, relapse was 90% for chemotherapy while relapse and therapy-related death were 67% and 33%, respectively, for transplantation. The leukemia-free survival (LFS) rates at 10 years were 52 +/- 13% for transplantation and 30 +/- 11% for chemotherapy (P > 0.2, g-Wilcoxon, Logrank). The 10-year-LFS rates of Ph1-negative patients of 15 to 29 year-old were 67 +/- 15% for transplantation (n = 9) and 62 +/- 15% for chemotherapy (n = 8) (P > 0.9). Although the present data are derived from a non randomized retrospective study and a relatively small number of patients, this study revealed no superiority of BMT over chemotherapy for the prolongation of first remission in adult ALL, especially, in a standard risk group such as young patients without Ph1 chromosome.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Reliability and validity of a self-administered questionnaire of patient health care behavior and satisfaction].

The reliability of a self-administered questionnaire of health care behavior and patient satisfaction, and also the validity of measuring patient satisfaction by a single question, were investigated on 754 outpatients and 204 inpatients. In order to assess the reliability and the validity, the questionnaire was administrated twice. Subjects for reliability tests were 194 outpatients and 91 inpatients and validity tests were performed with 280 outpatients and 84 inpatients. To assess the validity of patient satisfaction, supplementary questions about satisfaction (outpatients 22 items, inpatients 14 items) were included in the questionnaire. Reliability was assessed using kappa coefficient and proportion of agreement. To assess validity, principal component analysis was performed, and the correlation between principal-components and the score of patient satisfaction was analyzed. With the exception of patient understanding of the doctor's explanation and patient satisfaction, kappa coefficient and proportion of agreement were high (kappa: 0.4 approximately 0.82), indicating that question contents were objective and easily understood. By making the question categories simple, a higher kappa coefficient and proportion of agreement in patient understanding about doctor's explanation and patient satisfaction were achieved. This suggests that in questionnaire, similar question category must be made simple or similar categories should be put together in analysis. Spearman's correlation coefficient between the question about patient satisfaction and the first principal component (which summarizes all of the questions about patient satisfaction) was high (outpatients: 0.63, inpatients: 0.67). Therefore the validity of measuring general information about patient satisfaction by using a single question is suggested.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[Establishment of two renal cancer cell lines].

Two renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines, JMSU2 and JMSU3, derived from the primary sites of mixed cell type and spindle cell type RCC, respectively, have been established and maintained for 31 and 22 months. Karyotypic analysis revealed human karyotypes with modal numbers of 84 and 55, respectively. Consistent chromosomal abnormalities were 1p+, 3p-, 6q- or 8p- in the JMSU2 cells and 1p-, inv (5p + q-) or loss of sex chromosome in the JMSU3 cells. Electron microscopy revealed abundant glycogen granules, lipid droplets and microvilli. The JMSU3 cells transplanted to nude mice produced tumors with a spindle cell pattern similar to that of the original tumor. High concentrations of cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (145,000 pg/ml), interleukin-8 (35,300 pg/ml) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (6,340 pg/ml), were detected in the culture supernatant of the JMSU3 cells. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of the JMSU2 and JMSU3 cells in culture. Tumor cytotoxic factor/hepatocyte growth factor (TCF/HGF) dose-dependently enhanced JMSU3 cell proliferation, but suppressed JMSU2 cell proliferation. These findings suggest that IL-1 beta and TCF/HGF have regulatory roles in the proliferation of RCC.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Kinesigenic supplementary motor seizure? A case report].

Supplementary motor seizure (SMS) and paroxysmal kinesigenic choreoathetosis (PKC) appear similar, but are generally considered to represent different disease entities. We report a case that shared the clinical features of both disorders. A 62-year-old woman presented with attacks consisting of brief tonic posturing of four limbs, more prominent on the right side. The attack started at age 59 and subsequently began to occur about 20 times daily. Her consciousness was preserved during the attack. The attack lasted 5-15 sec. The attacks were often evoked by sudden initiation of movement, but also occurred spontaneously and even during sleep. She had never experienced generalized convulsion. Ictal scalp EEG showed high amplitude beta activity appearing a few seconds before the attacks around the vertex. Otherwise EEG was within normal limits. The response to anti-convulsant medication was poor and a combination of three kinds of drugs was needed. An almost identical case was reported as "PKC" by Lombroso. His case showed unequivocal epileptiform discharges arising from the supplementary motor area. Accordingly, our case is considered kinesigenic SMS. It seems important to examine similar cases to elucidate the relationship between SMS and PKC, or between the kinesigenic and non-kinesigenic types of these disease entities.

Athetosis↗
PubMed1997

[Three cases of malignant lymphoma that developed from the chest wall].

Chronic tuberculous pyothrax and the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) on the chest wall are believed to be closely related. We encountered three patients with NHL involving the chest wall in whom the tumor may have had a different origin Patient 1: A 65-year-old man with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis and right-sided pyothrax at the age of 28 years was found to have a tumor on the right sided of the chest wall, and NHL was diagnosed. Patient 2: A 65-year old woman with a history of right-sided tuberculous pyothrax at the age of 2 years had a left-sided chest-wall tumor, and NHL was diagnosed. Patient 3: A 78-year-old man with a history of tuberclous pleuritis on the left side at the age of 77 years was found to have a left-sided chest-wall tumor, and NHL was diagnosed. In patients 1 and 2, the Epstein-Barr virus was found in tissue specimens by in situ hybridization. These findings suggest that chronic tuberculous pyothrax and the development of NHL on the chest wall were not closely related in these patients, and that the Epstein-Barr virus may play an important role in the development of NHL on the chest wall after tuberculous pyothrax.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Response rates and non-response bias in a health-related mailed survey].

A health-related mailed survey was conducted to investigate the effect of follow-up mailings to response rates. In addition, the answer distributions among early and late respondents were compared to check non-response bias. Approximately 3,000 persons aged 40-64 were randomized into two groups; a questionnaire with four pages (twenty-two questions) was assigned to the first group, and a questionnaire with eight pages (thirty-five questions) to the second group. Both questionnaires contained questions of current health status, health-related practice, smoking status, etc. Follow-up mailings were sent twice to non-respondents. Response rates were increased from 38% to 62% by the first follow-up mail, and to 71% by the second follow-up mail. Although the length of the questionnaire did not affect response rates, response rates among the older subjects was higher than the younger subjects. Positive response to current smoking status was 10% lower among early respondents than late respondents, collected after the second follow-up mailing, and response to regular participation in physical/medical checkup was 15% higher among early respondents, whereas there were few differences for answers to other questions. Odds ratios between current health status and several health-related questions may not be biased by late response. However, increased response rates are needed to prevent non-response bias, because there were some differences in responses from follow-up mailings.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Effects of low-dose total body irradiation (TBI) on tumor-bearing rats].

To investigate the anti-tumor effects of low-dose total body irradiation (TBI) histologically, 5 x 10(5) KDH-8 cells were implanted into the right legs of WKAH rats. According to the treatment policies, rats were divided into four groups: non-treated, TBI alone, local irradiation (LI) following TBI, and LI alone. The total dose of TBI was 0.2 Gy, that of LI 10 Gy or 0.2 Gy. Local irradiation of 0.2 Gy had no suppressive effect on the growth of implanted tumor and/or metastasis. In the 10 Gy LI group, growth of the implanted tumor was totally suppressed, and histological findings (H-E staining) showed that there were few viable cells, few tissue-infiltrating cells, and severe fibrotic changes in the tumor tissue. In the TBI group, tumor growth was suppressed during only 7 days after TBI. However, abundant tumor infiltrating cells appeared 24 hours after TBI. Total body irradiation did not enhance the suppressive effect of LI on tumor growth. Metastases of the lung and abdominal lymph nodes were significantly suppressed by TBI. In the TBI group, using the lung-shield with 5 cm lead block, the suppression of lung metastasis was the same as that in the non-shield TBI group. These results suggested that a low dose of TBI brings about anti-tumor effects through a host immune response, unlike those produced by high-dose irradiation.

Animals↗