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Biomedical subjects

S Handa

Publications and source records attributed to S Handa.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Hemodynamic sequelae following valve replacement in patients with aortic regurgitation].

Serial echocardiographic analyses of the left ventricle (LV) were performed in 61 patients with aortic regurgitation before, one-six months, and six years after aortic valve replacement (AVR). There was no significant difference in the preoperative hemodynamic and echocardiographic data between 54 survivors and six deceased patients. There was a linear correlation (r = 0.69) between LV end-diastolic volume (EDV) by cineangiography and LV end-diastolic dimension (LVDd) by echocardiography. In patients with LV end-diastolic pressure (EDP) less than 12 mmHg, the LV was markedly dilated before surgery, and LVDd was not normalized until half a year after surgery in half the cases. In 20 patients with LVEDP greater than 12 mmHg, LVDd was normalized in 17 patients up to half a year after surgery. In 11 patients with LV end-systolic dimension (LVDs) greater than 5.2 cm, LVDs was not normalized until six years post surgery in three patients. LVDd was improved six years after surgery in patients with LVDs less than 5.2 cm. Echocardiographically-determined LVDs less than 5.2 cm is recommended for preservation of LV function following aortic valve replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prognosis of patients with primary pulmonary hypertension].

Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease entity. Clinical evaluations of such patients were deemed inadequate during a multi-center study in Japan (1976). The prognoses of our patients in Keio Hospital were evaluated, especially in terms of their clinical pictures and hemodynamic backgrounds. The study group consisted of 15 patients, who fulfilled the clinical criteria of primary pulmonary hypertension according to the Research Committee of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in Japan. There were four males and 11 females, whose age ranged from 16 to 72 years and averaged 34.7 years. Follow-up periods from the onsets were from 15 to 152 months, and they averaged 51 months. Nine of the 15 patients were deceased, and autopsies were performed in eight. The periods from onsets to deaths were between 15 and 152 months, and averaged 53 months (4 years and 5 months). Except for four cases followed for less than 2 years, there were seven who survived over three years and four patients who were deceased in this period, but there were no differences between these groups in terms of their clinical pictures, such as age, sex and symptomatology at onset. Survivors included three patients associated with thyroid disease, one with liver cirrhosis, and one with the Sjögren syndrome. Hemodynamically, heart rates and pulmonary artery pressures did not differ among six survivors more than 2 years after the hemodynamic evaluations and five patients who were deceased within this period. In the deceased group, however, cardiac output was low and arterio-venous differences in oxygen content were high.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A successful treatment of an infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with a combination of cefmetazole with fosfomycin].

A case of infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was successfully treated with a combination therapy with cefmetazole (CMZ) and fosfomycin (FOM). A 55 year old man was admitted to the Keio Hospital because of fever of unknown origin. Physical examination revealed blood pressure of 132/62 mmHg, heart rate of 118/min and body temperature of 39.8 degrees C. Diastolic regurgitant murmur (Levine II/VI) was heard at the left sternal border on the third intercostal space. Chest X-ray showed mild cardiomegaly. Two dimensional echocardiography and color flow mapping demonstrated mildly dilated and hyperkinetic left ventricle, redundant aortic valve, giant vegetation from the aortic valve and severe aortic regurgitation. MRSA was isolated from the blood of this patient. Bacteriostatic synergism between CMZ and FOM against S. aureus isolated from the blood of this patient was detected both by the Kirby-Bauer method and by the checker-board method. The combination therapy with CMZ and FOM cleared the clinical symptoms and normalized the inflammatory reactions. No relapse was observed for at least 10 months. We concluded that the combination therapy with CMZ and FOM was invaluable for the treatment of infections endocarditis by MRSA.

Cefmetazole↗
PubMed1988

Direct analysis of glycolipids on thin-layer plates by matrix-assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry: application for glycolipid storage disorders.

The lipids accumulated in organs of patients with Gaucher's, Tay-Sachs, and Fabry's disease were identified by means of the combination of thin-layer chromatography and matrix-assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry. The total lipid extract of each lipidosis tissue was chromatographed on a TLC plate and then analyzed directly by mass spectrometry without elution of the sample from the TLC plate. The amount of material needed to obtain an adequate spectrum is in the order of a few micrograms of lipids per band for both positive and negative ion detection. By scanning the plates, mass spectral and chromatographic information can be obtained simultaneously, which was shown to be useful for the qualitative identification of the components on the plates.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1988

Identification of 2-azelaoylphosphatidylcholine as one of the cytotoxic products generated during oxyhemoglobin-induced peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine.

Cytotoxic product(s), which are responsible for inducing the release of acetylcholinesterase-enriched vesicles from human erythrocytes and cell lysis, are generated when 1-saturated-2-polyunsaturated glycerophosphocholine was incubated with oxyhemoglobin (Itabe, H., Kobayashi, T. and Inoue, K. (1988) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 961, 13-21). To identify the products, a model compound, 1-O-octadecyl-2-linoleoylglycerophosphocholine was incubated with oxyhemoglobin. The oxidation products were isolated by both straight-phase and reverse-phase HPLC. The products, which were responsible for inducing erythrocyte membrane damage, were analyzed by secondary ion mass spectrometry and 1H-NMR. One of the cytotoxic products isolated was identified as 1-O-octadecyl-2-azelaoylglycerophosphocholine. Methyl esterification of the product confirmed the proposed structure.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1988

Cardiovascular effects of intravenous and intracoronary administration of atrial natriuretic peptide in halothane anesthetized dogs.

Cardiovascular actions of synthetic 1-28 human natriuretic peptides (hANP) were examined in dogs anesthetized with halothane. In seven closed-chest dogs a Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted for measurement of cardiac output. Intravenous infusion of increasing doses of hANP (0.1, 0.3, 0.9 microgram/kg/min) lowered mean aortic pressure without affecting heart rate significantly. Cardiac output and pulmonary wedge pressure were markedly decreased while total peripheral resistance was increased significantly. All these parameters returned to control levels after 1 hr of recovery with an 100-150ml of saline infusion to increase pulmonary capillary wedge pressure to the preinfusion value. Intracoronary infusion of hANP (0.05 and 0.1 microgram/kg/min) did not cause any significant changes in coronary flow and regional contraction. These results indicate that the hypotensive action of hANP is due to a decrease in cardiac output mediated by reduced preload but not by negative inotropic action.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1988

Binding to prostaglandin (PG) receptors and activation of adenyl cyclase by 20-isopropylidene-PGS in rabbit platelet membranes.

20-Isopropylidene-PGE1 (Isop-PGE1) was about 10 times more potent than PGE1 in inhibition of thrombin-induced aggregation of rabbit washed platelets. Likewise, 20-isopropylidene-17(R)-methyl-carbacyclin (CS-570), a stable PGI2 analogue, was more potent than carbacyclin in the anti-aggregatory activity. In order to define the platelet-prostaglandin interactions, a binding assay was done using platelet membranes with [3H]-PGE1 as a radioligand. Isop-PGE1 (IC50 = 0.18 microM) bound to the PG receptors more potently than PGE1 (IC50 = 2.1 microM). CS-570 (IC50 = 0.39 microM) was more potent than carbacyclin (IC50 = 1.9 microM). These indicate that introduction of an isopropylidene group to the carbon 20 of PGs increases the binding ability to the receptors. These PGE1 and PGI2 analogues activated platelet membrane adenyl cyclase and increased intracellular cAMP levels with the same potency series obtained in the binding experiments. All these results suggest that the binding to the receptors by these PGs is coupled to the activation of adenyl cyclase, followed by the increase in cAMP levels in platelets and the inhibition of platelet aggregation. Thus, the increased anti-aggregatory activity of 20-isop-PGs may be explained by their increased affinity for the PG receptors and stimulation of adenyl cyclase. 15-Epimeric-20-isopropylidene-PGE1 (15-Epi-isop-PGE1), which has an unnatural configuration of the 15-hydroxyl group, was much less potent than isop-PGE1 in the binding experiment and the other three investigations. This indicates that the configuration of the 15-hydroxyl group is important for the binding to the PG receptors and the consequent activities in platelets.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1988

Long-standing bidirectional tachycardia in a patient with hypokalemic periodic paralysis.

Bidirectional tachycardia is an uncommon arrhythmia that usually occurs in aged persons with severe myocardial disease or digitalis intoxication, and carries a poor prognosis. This is a report of a young woman with familial hypokalemic periodic paralysis, who has a 13-year history of asymptomatic bidirectional tachycardia in the absence of organic heart disease or digitalis intoxication. Association of periodic paralysis and bidirectional tachycardia in this case and four previously reported cases suggests a strong relationship between this arrhythmia and potassium.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Glycolipids of mouse erythroleukemia cells (Friend cells) and their alteration during differentiation.

Neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids of Friend cells were characterized in 1) undifferentiated Friend cells (745A), 2) differentiated Friend cells induced with dimethyl-sulfoxide, and 3) solid tumors grown in mice after subcutaneous implantation of Friend cells. The structures of the isolated glycosphingolipids were determined by means of compositional analysis, methylation analysis and enzyme treatment. Gangliosides GD1a and N-acetylgalactosaminyl-GD1a, followed by GM1a and GM2, were the main gangliosides in undifferentiated Friend cells. GD1a and N-acetylgalactosaminyl-GD1a accounted for 45 and 25% of the total gangliosides, respectively. On differentiation, ganglioside GM2 decreased significantly, from 10% to a trace amount. In solid tumors, GD1a was the major ganglioside, whereas in contrast to the situation in the cultured cells, N-acetylgalactosaminyl-GD1a was almost completely absent, and ganglioside GM1b, but not GM1a, was detected. In addition, ganglioside GD1 alpha was detected in the solid tumors. Galactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, and lactosylceramide were the main neutral components in both types of cells, while globotetraosylceramide (globoside), IV3-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl globotetraosylceramide (Forssman glycolipid) and gangliotetraosylceramide (GA1) were major in solid tumors grown in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

A mutant rat strain deficient in induction of a phenobarbital-inducible form of cytochrome P-450 in liver microsomes.

Two phenobarbital-inducible forms of cytochrome P-450, P-450(PB-1), and P-450(PB-4), were purified from the liver microsomes of phenobarbital-treated rats and identified with P-450b and P-450e, respectively. It was found, however, that the content of P-450(PB-4) in the liver microsomes of a strain of SD rat, Qdj:SD, was very low even after phenobarbital-induction. The levels of the mRNAs for P-450(PB-1) and P-450(PB-4) were separately determined using Northern blot hybridization with specific oligonucleotide probes. It was found that the level of P-450(PB-4) mRNA in the livers of phenobarbital-treated Qdj:SD rats was much lower than that of phenobarbital-treated Slc:SD rats. Slc:SD rats are widely used in Japanese laboratories. Genetic analysis using the crossbred animals between Qdj:SD and Slc:SD rats showed that the low expression of P-450(PB-4) in Qdj:SD rats is a recessive trait and is caused by a single gene mutation. However, no difference in the 5' flanking region in P-450(PB-4) gene was found between Qdj:SD rats and Slc:SD rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Metabolism of exogenous gangliosides GM1 and chemically modified GM1 in mice.

Ganglioside GM1(NeuAc), labeled at the C-3 position of sphingosine with tritium, was injected into C3H/He, C57BL/10, B10.AQR mice intraperitoneally. The incorporation and the distribution of the radioactivity in various organs were examined. The injected [3H]GM1(NeuAc) was mainly incorporated in the liver and hydrolyzed sequentially. Sialic acid of ganglioside GM1(NeuAc) and metabolites was converted to N-glycolyl type from N-acetyl type. An appreciable amount of the sphingosine moiety in the administered GM1(NeuAc), moreover, was reutilized, being converted to sphingomyelin, and incorporated into alkyl chain of the ether lipid in phosphatidylethanolamine. The distributions of radioactivity in the metabolites of GM1(NeuAc) administered to the three strains of mice were different from each other. In other organs, GM1(NeuAc) was incorporated and metabolized only slightly. The N-methylamide, at the carboxyl group of the sialic acid, of the labeled ganglioside GM1(GM1(NeuAc)-NMe) was injected into C3H/He mice. Most of the administered [3H]GM1(NeuAc)-NMe was incorporated in the liver, and was metabolized to GM3(NeuAc)-NMe, via GM2(NeuAc)-NMe, within 24 h. GM3(NeuAc)-NMe was the only radioactive compound in the subsequent 10 weeks, but disappeared from the liver gradually. N-Methylamide-modified gangliosides were resistant to hydrolysis by mouse hepatic sialidase, to elongation by glycosyltransferase and to N-glycolylation at N-acetylneuraminic acid by monooxygenase.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Noninvasive evaluation of right coronary artery-right atrial fistula using two-dimensional echocardiography, pulsed Doppler echocardiography and color flow mapping.

The case of a patient with right coronary artery-right atrial fistula was reported, with special reference to the noninvasive evaluation. On two-dimensional echocardiography in the short axis view, it was observed that the fistula had an entrance from the right coronary cusp, with the body of fistula sigmoid-like appearance running along the tricuspid ring and atrioventricular groove. In the subxyphoidal approach the exit of fistula into the right atrium was demonstrated. Intrafistular blood flow and drainage flow into the right atrium were identified by color flow mapping. The potential usefulness of the combination of two-dimensional, pulsed Doppler echocardiography and color flow mapping were discussed.

Aged↗