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Biomedical subjects

S Handa

Publications and source records attributed to S Handa.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Glycolipid composition of a mutant cell line of mouse FM3A cells, and the effect of exogenous glycolipids on cell growth.

Had-1 isolated from mouse mammary tumour FM3A cells as a non-permissive cell line to Newcastle disease virus infection is deficient in NDV receptors, and galactosylation of the complex type sugar chains of the glycoproteins is extensively reduced compared to FM3A cells. It is also deficient in UDP-galactose transport into Golgi vesicles. The major neutral glycolipids in FM3A is Lac-Cer, whereas, in Had-1 cell, Glc-Cer is the major glycolipid and the concentration of neutral glycolipids is one-tenth as low as that in FM3A. GM3, GD3 and sialyl i- and I-type lactosaminylceramide are the gangliosides present in both FM3A and Had-1, although their presence in both cells is only in traces. Had-1 contains relatively high N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid. Among the several glycolipids tested, Lac-Cer, Gg-4-Cer and Glc-Cer showed inhibitory effect on proliferation of Had-1 cells, but did not show any appreciable effect on that of FM3A cells. Lac-Cer had the most potent inhibitory effect and this inhibitory effect was completely reversible. While mice injected with 5 x 10(6) cells of FM3A died in one month, those injected of Had-1 cells at the same dose survived for more than 6 months. Thus glycolipids on the cell surface play an essential role during cell growth both in vivo and in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Is the clinical course of non-rheumatic aortic regurgitation the same as that of rheumatic aortic regurgitation?].

To determine whether non-rheumatic (NR) aortic regurgitation (AR) has the same clinical and postoperative courses as rheumatic (R) AR, we performed a retrospective study using pre- and postoperative M-mode echocardiograms in 23 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement (AVR) under myocardial protection with hypothermic cardioplegia. The etiology of AR was diagnosed by two-dimensional echocardiography. The NR-AR group consisted of nine patients including four with aortic valve prolapse (AP) and five with bicuspid valve (BV), and the R-AR group included 14 patients. Patients with preoperative end-diastolic dimensions (EDD) of less than 6.0 cm were excluded from this study. The indication for AVR was NYHA functional class III or severer. The severity of preoperative NYHA functional class was similar among these three groups. During the 18-month follow-up period (range 2-32 months), there were no post-operative deaths nor congestive heart failure. Ages at surgery ranged from 17 to 54 years; 10 (71%) of 14 patients with R-AR were 40 years old or older, while seven (78%) of nine with NR-AR were under 39 years old (p less than 0.05). The pre-operative left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) in patients with BV-AR was highest among these three groups (R-AR: 14.5 +/- 3.9 mmHg, AP-AR: 9.5 +/- 4.1 mmHg, BV-AR: 22.0 +/- 2.7 mmHg, p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in pre-operative M-mode echocardiographic results, except for the end-systolic dimension (ESD) between R-AR (5.20 +/- 0.55 cm) and BV-AR (4.78 +/- 0.18 cm) (p less than 0.05). The EDD one month after AVR was still abnormal (greater than or equal to 5.4 cm) in seven of the 14 patients with R-AR, and three of the four patients with AP-AR but none of the patients with BV-ARs (p less than 0.05 vs AP-AR). All patients with pre-operative ESD of less than 5.2 cm had normal EDD one month after AVR. In conclusion, the clinical course of NR-AR is different from that of R-AR. Furthermore, AP-AR regresses more differently after AVR than does BV-AR. Therefore, it is important to consider the etiology of chronic AR in determining the timing of surgery.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[How to select newly-developed oral inotropic agents: an evaluation based on their effects on heart rate and arrhythmias].

The possible chronotropic and arrhythmogenic effects of newly-developed oral inotropic agents were studied in 60 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (NYHA class II-IV). Changes in heart rates and the incidence of arrhythmias were evaluated using ambulatory electrocardiography. Denopamine 30 and 60 mg (beta 1 agonist), xamoterol 200 and 400 mg (beta 1 partial agonist) and OPC-8212 60, 90 and 120 mg (non-catecholamine) were sequentially administered for 10 +/- 2 months. Denopamine slightly increased heart rate throughout the day. Denopamine 60 mg caused excessive tachycardia in patients with atrial fibrillation, and could be used without digoxin. With xamoterol, maximum heart rate decreased during the daytime, while heart rate increased at night. Xamoterol was highly effective in patients with atrial fibrillation who not only had excessive tachycardia during exercise but marked bradycardia at night. Xamoterol increased the severity of heart failure in two patients who belonged to NYHA class IV, whose heart rates at rest had exceeded 100 beats/min. OPC-8212 did not affect heart rate, and was considered an ideal inotropic agent. None of these agents aggravated arrhythmias or caused sustained ventricular tachycardia. It was concluded that not only the severity of heart failure but the chronotropic and arrhythmogenic effects should be considered when choosing inotropic agents.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Role of adrenergic-neural regulation in failing heart due to aortic regurgitation in rabbits].

The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the role of adrenergic-neural regulation in the pathophysiology of heart failure, produced by aortic regurgitation (AR), especially in relation to the compensatory process. AR was produced by perforation of the aortic valves in 25 rabbits. Another 6 normal rabbits served as controls. Myocardial beta-adrenoceptors and catecholamines were measured in 17 rabbits with AR after various periods: 1 day (n = 5), 1 week (n = 6), and 4 weeks after production of AR (n = 6). Serial blood samples were taken without anesthesia through a catheter placed in the jugular vein for determination of the serum catecholamine level in 8 rabbits with AR. Left ventricular free wall weight increased 1 week and 4 weeks after AR. Wall thickness didn't increase until 4 weeks had passed. Maximal binding sites of myocardial beta-adrenoceptors were reduced from 67.8 +/- 16.7 fmol/mg. protein in the controls to 37.6 +/- 9.21 day after AR (p less than 0.01). Down regulation persisted for 1 week (37.3 +/- 5.5). This change was reversed in the 4-week group (55.5 +/- 13.9). Myocardial norepinephrine content was preserved at 1 day, but depleted at 1 week after AR. In the 4-week group it was restored. Serum norepinephrine level increased 1 day after AR. However, it returned toward the normal range thereafter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Fall in aortic diastolic pressure immediately after aortic valve destruction can predict severity of regurgitation through the valve and chronic morphological changes in the left ventricle].

Aortic regurgitation (AR) has been studied experimentally, however these reports did not investigate compensatory mechanisms in AR in relation with the severity of regurgitation. If the severity of AR can be changed voluntarily, we can evaluate the pathophysiological response to AR in wide range. The purposes of this study were 1) to see if the extent of fall in aortic diastolic pressure immediately after the production of AR (delta AoDP) was a reliable predictor of the severity of AR and 2) to evaluate the process of adaptation through acute and chronic stage in moderate AR in the rabbit model. AR was produced by perforating the aortic valves in Japanese white rabbits. First, aortic pressure, volume, weight and wall thickness of the left ventricle were measured. Correlations between delta AoDP and body weight-corrected volume (LVV/BW) and weight (LVW/BW) were studied in 18 rabbits soon after, 19 one week after, 23 four weeks after and 10 eight weeks after the production of AR. delta AoDP was closely correlated with LVV/BW after 1 week (1 week: R = 0.667, p less than 0.01, 4 weeks: R = 0.733, p less than 0.01, 8 weeks: R = 0.757, p less than 0.05) and with LVW/BW after 4 weeks (4 weeks: R = 0.484, p less than 0.05, 8 weeks: R = 0.651, p less than 0.05). The slope of these regression equations increased with time (delta AoDP and LVV/BW: 1 week: 0.0138, 4 weeks: 0.0361, 8 weeks: 0.0577 ml/kg.mmHg; delta AoDP and LVW/BW; 4 weeks: 0.0142 8 weeks: 0.0310 g/kg.mmHg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of underivatized glycosphingolipids by high-performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry.

Analytical conditions for underivatized glycosphingolipids by using high-performance liquid chromatography atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/API-MS) were investigated. The analysis was performed by using an ordinary reversed-phase column (4.6 X 150 or 4.6 X 250 mm) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The glycosphingolipids could be characterized from the HPLC/API-MS in terms of molecular weight, ceramide composition, and partial oligosaccharide sequence. In order to obtain an adequate spectrum the amount of material needed is in the range of a few micrograms of lipid. By selected ion monitoring the sensitivity of the method allowed characterization of only 60 ng of glycosphingolipid. The method will be very useful in the characterization of small quantities of glycosphingolipids from biological samples.

Atmospheric Pressure↗
PubMed1989

Mono-sulfated globopentaosylceramide from human kidney.

A novel sulfated glycosphingolipid that belongs to the "globo-series" was isolated from human kidney. This lipid was purified from a pooled kidney preparation by chloroform/methanol extraction, mild alkaline treatment, DEAE-Sephadex and silicic acid column chromatographies, and preparative thin layer chromatography. The structure and the properties were studied by infrared spectroscopy, two-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, negative secondary ion mass spectrometry, solvolysis, compositional and methylation analyses, monoclonal antibodies, and sulfatide-binding proteins. From the results of the above analyses, the structure of this glycolipid was proposed to be HSO3-3Gal beta 1-3GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1ceramide. The proton resonance at 3.93 ppm of the H-3 of the sulfated nonreducing terminal galactose of this lipid was downfield-shifted (delta 0.48 ppm), as compared with H-3 of the internal beta-galactose because of the electronegativity of the sulfate ester. This sulfated lipid reacted with a monoclonal anti-SSEA-3 (MC-631) (Kannagi, R., Cochran, N. A., Ishigami, F., Hakomori, S., Andrews, P. W., Knowles, B. B., and Solter, D. (1983) EMBO J. 2, 2355-2361), whose epitope is R-3GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-R', on thin layer chromatograms and solid-phase radioimmunoassay. This lipid also bound to the 125I-labeled sulfatide-binding protein, thrombospondin. The yield of this sulfated glycolipid was 0.19 nmol/g of tissue, which was about 0.09 and 0.5 mol % of galactosyl and lactosyl sulfatides in human kidney.

Chromatography, Ion Exchange↗
PubMed1989

Effect of endothelin as a coronary vasoconstrictor in the Langendorff-perfused rat heart.

The effects of endothelin on coronary circulation were studied in isolated rat heart using a constant-flow system. Endothelin (10 fmol to 20 pmol/g heart weight) elevated the coronary perfusion pressure in a dose-dependent manner. Nifedipine (100 nM) inhibited the vasoconstriction and shifted the dose-response curve to the right. These results indicate that endothelin is a potent coronary vasoconstrictor and that its action is possibly mediated by the nifedipine-dependent Ca2+ channel.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A sulfated glucosylceramide from rat kidney.

A novel sulfated glycosphingolipid containing a sulfated glucosyl residue was isolated from rat kidney and purified to homogeneity by column chromatographies with DEAE-Sephadex and silica beads. By compositional analyses, permethylation studies, one- and two-dimensional proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, negative secondary ion mass spectrometry, solvolysis, and immunostaining on thin layer chromatogram, the structure of this glycolipid was proposed to be HSO3-3Glc beta 1-1Cer (where Cer is ceramide). The ceramide portion consisted of 4-D-hydroxysphinganine as the sole long chain base, and the fatty acid consisted of predominantly tetracosanoic acid, deduced from both composition analysis and negative secondary ion mass spectrometry. The yield of glucosyl sulfatide was about 5 nmol/g of tissue, being about three times as much as that of lactosylceramide sulfate.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Chromosomal location of the gene encoding the murine acute-phase protein serum amyloid P-component (SAP).

A full-length cDNA clone, pmSAP3, encoding, the serum P component (SAP), has been used to search for DNA fragment length variation among mouse strains previously analyzed for differences in endogenous SAP levels. Three alleles were found using EcoRI-digested DNA. The finding of a single 5.4-kb fragment, allele d, in DNA from DBA/2J mice suggests the presence of a single Sap locus. Segregation of DNA fragment associated with Sapb and Sapd alleles was analyzed in three sets of recombinant inbred (RI) strains. The strain distribution pattern found for the Sap alleles was identical to that of alleles of Ly-9 in 43 individual RI strains, suggesting tight linkage with Ly-9 on mouse chromosome 1. In the BXD RI strains, the SDP of the Sap locus, defined by the difference in the endogenous SAP level, is also identical to the SDP of the DNA fragments. We propose to redesignate the Sap locus to include both the structural element defined by the DNA polymorphism and the regulatory element involved in the regulation of SAP synthesis. The Sap locus is the major genetic element contributing to the regulation of SAP production. Other genetic factors are also involved, as shown by the presence of nonparental phenotypes in the individual BXH RI strains.

Alleles↗
PubMed1989

Mono-sulfated globotetraosylceramide from human kidney.

A novel sulfated glycosphingolipid that belongs to "globo-series" was isolated from human kidney. This lipid was purified from a pooled kidney preparation by chloroform-methanol extraction, mild alkaline treatment, DEAE-Sephadex and silicic acid column chromatographies, and preparative TLC. The structure and the properties were studied by IR spectroscopy, proton NMR spectroscopy, negative secondary ion-mass spectrometry, solvolysis, periodate oxidation, compositional and methylation analyses, monoclonal antibodies, and a sulfatide-binding protein. From the results of the above analyses, the structure of this glycolipid was proposed to be HSO3-3GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1ceramide. This sulfated lipid reacted with a monoclonal anti-SSEA-3 (stage-specific embryonic antigen-3) (MC-631) (Kannagi, R., Cochran, N.A., Ishigami, F., Hakomori, S., Andrews, P.W., Knowles, B.B., & Solter, D. (1983) EMBO J. 2, 2355-2361), whose epitope is R-3GalNAc beta 1-3Gal alpha 1-4Gal beta 1-R', on TLC and solid-phase radioimmunoassay. This lipid also bound to the 125I-labeled sulfatide-binding protein, thrombospondin. The yield of this sulfated glycolipid was 34 pmol/g of tissue, which was about 0.028, 0.16, and 18 mol% of galactosyl- and lactosylceramide sulfates, and globopentosylceramide sulfate (Nagai, K.-i., Roberts, D.D., Toida, T., Matsumoto, H., Kushi, Y., Handa, S., & Ishizuka, I. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, in press), respectively, in human kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Constrictive pericarditis with electrocardiographic evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy.

We report the findings in a patient with constrictive pericarditis who had ECGs resembling right ventricular hypertrophy without right ventricular pressure overload, and we provide a possible explanation for the cause of this abnormality. Right ventriculography demonstrated a dilated and hyperkinetic outflow tract and compressed free wall with calcified pericardium. The derangement of the configuration of the right ventricle was considered to be the genesis of this electrocardiographic abnormality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Spotted fever group rickettsia in dogs in Japan.

Prevalence of antibody against spotted fever group-rickettsia in dogs (14/134) from the northern part of Shikoku Island, where spotted fever group rickettsia infection in human is endemic, is significantly higher than that in dogs (4/189) from nonendemic areas.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Measurement of coronary flow velocity with Doppler catheter: evaluation of coronary flow reserve in successful angioplasty].

To assess the therapeutic effect of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on coronary flow reserve, coronary flow velocity (CFV) was measured with a Doppler catheter before and immediately after PTCA in 11 patients, who underwent elective PTCA for critical stenosis in proximal or mid portion of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). A Doppler catheter was positioned at the proximal portion of the LAD and the CFV was measured at rest and after intracoronary injection of 6 ml of contrast material (Iopamidol), 6 ml of saline or 3 mg of Isosorbide Dinitrate (ISDN). Peak to resting velocity ratio (PRVR) was calculated as an estimate of coronary flow reserve. Percent diameter stenosis (%S) was measured from cineangiogram. A translesional pressure gradient was obtained with an angioplasty catheter. These parameters measured in PTCA candidates were compared with those in 11 patients whose LAD had no critical stenosis. After PTCA, %S was decreased (94.2 +/- 1.4 vs 34.1 +/- 5.1%; mean +/- SEM). Pressure gradient was also decreased (59.5 +/- 4.9 vs. 25.1 +/- 3.3 mmHg). There was no difference between mean CFV at rest in patients before PTCA and that in patients without stenosis (4.52 +/- 0.63 vs. 5.46 +/- 0.61 cm/sec). By successful PTCA, CFV at rest was increased (7.39 +/- 1.32, p less than 0.05 vs. before PTCA). PRVRs in patients before PTCA were smaller than those in patients without stenosis (1.5 +/- 0.1, 1.4 +/- 0.1, 1.6 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.8 +/- 0.1, 2.5 +/- 0.2, 2.8 +/- 0.2, p less than 0.01; by contrast material, saline, ISDN, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Left ventricular function in right ventricular overload: asymmetry of the left ventricular ejection].

This study clarified regional and global functions of the distorted left ventricle due to right ventricular overload by means of gated radionuclide ventriculography (RNV). Cardiac catheterization and RNV were performed in 13 cases of atrial septal defect (ASD), 13 of pure mitral stenosis (MS), 10 of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), and 10 of normal subjects (NL). Right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was 32.9 +/- 13.9, 45.0 +/- 12.2, 88.3 +/- 17.1, and 21.2 +/- 4.5 mmHg, respectively. RNV was performed with a 99mTc-red blood cell in a vivo labeling technique. The end-systolic LAO view of the left ventricle was halved into septal and free-wall sides. The end-diastolic halves were determined in the same plane. Ejection fractions of the global left ventricle (LVEF), global right ventricle (RVEF), the septal half of the left ventricle (SEPEF), and the free-wall half of the left ventricle (FWEF) were obtained. LVEF was 56.8 +/- 9.8% in NL, 52.8 +/- 10.5% in ASD, and 49.5 +/- 12.9% in PPH. In MS, LVEF (47.0 +/- 13.0%) was smaller than those in the other groups. RVEF was 37.0 +/- 5.2% in NL, 43.7 +/- 15.5% in ASD, and 32.8 +/- 11.5% in MS. In PPH, RVEF (25.0 +/- 10.6%) was smaller than those in the other groups. SEPEF was smaller in AS D (42.5 +/- 13.2%), MS (40.4 +/- 13.1%), PPH (40.5 +/- 12.5%) than in NL (53.5 +/- 8.5%). Systolic function of the septal half of the left ventricle was disturbed by right ventricular overload. RVEF (r = -0.35, p less than 0.05) and SEPEF (r = -0.51, p less than 0.01) had negative correlations with RVSP. As RVSP rose, systolic function of the septal half of the left ventricle was more severely disturbed. FWEF was the same among the four groups; NL (57.0 +/- 12.6%), ASD (48.6 +/- 15.2%), MS (50.5 +/- 12.0%), and PPH (51.1 +/- 12.3%). Right ventricular overload does not affect systolic function of FWLV. There was a good correlation between SEPEF and LVEF in NL (r = 0.81), though in PPH this correlation was poor (r = 0.64). In patients with PPH the septal side of the left ventricle does not act as a part of the global left ventricle. Systolic function of the septal side of the left ventricle is disturbed due to the distortion of the ventricular septum, but systolic function of the free-wall side is maintained within a normal range, when the left ventricular myocardium is kept normal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗