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Biomedical subjects

S H Reisner

Publications and source records attributed to S H Reisner.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Lower limb standards in newborns.

To define standards for lower limb measurements in the newborn, 198 full-term and preterm infants (range, 27 to 41 gestational weeks) were examined. The gestational age was determined chronologically and clinically, and the total length of the lower limb and the leg and foot lengths were measured by two observers with the use of standard measurement techniques. Normal values were determined by plotting the mean +/- 2 SDs for each gestational week v gestational age.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1984

Size of liver edge in full-term, healthy infants.

The distance between the right costal margin and the liver edge at the mid-clavicular line was measured within the first 24 hours of life and before discharge (between 72 and 96 hours of life) in 367 healthy, full-term infants. No significant difference was found between the measurements during the first day of life and at discharge, or in the different groups of gestational age (range, 37 to 41 weeks). The mean +/- SD distance of the liver edge below the costal margin was 3.0 +/- 0.7 cm, with a normal range from 1.6 to 4.4 cm. According to our results, we recommend investigation for hepatomegaly when the liver is palpated more than 4.4 cm below the costal margin.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1984

Neonatal intestinal perforation caused by congenital defects of the intestinal musculature.

Spontaneous perforation of the small intestine in the newborn is rare. In most cases the etiology is unknown. Three cases of perforation in preterm newborn infants are described. The clinical diagnosis was necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), and an urgent laparotomy was performed. The histologic examination was compatible with the diagnosis of a congenital defect of the intestinal musculature. All three infants survived.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in newborn infants treated by phototherapy.

In order to determine the in vivo effect of phototherapy on the erythrocytes' osmotic fragility, we have tested 10 preterm infants treated by continuous phototherapy, for jaundice of prematurity. Heparinized blood was obtained daily, starting before the initiation of phototherapy and ending 24 h after stopping the treatment. The osmotic fragility was tested in duplicate immediately, after 1 h incubation at 40 degrees C and after 24 h incubation at 4 degrees C in darkness. The erythrocytes of the preterm infant during and at the end of phototherapy showed a normal osmotic fragility pattern. Comparing the consecutive curves in each infant did not show any population of osmotically differing erythrocytes. Heating or cooling the erythrocytes did not alter these results. It is concluded that phototherapy does not increase the in vivo osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in newborn.

Female↗
PubMed1984

[Greig's syndrome. Neonatal radiologic manifestations].

A newborn infant with postaxial polydactyly of the hands, preaxial polydactyly of the feet, syndactyly and craniofacial dysmorphism (Greig's Syndrome) is reported. The radiographic manifestations in the neonatal period are described. The advanced bone age, the unusual shape of the iliac bones and the supernumerary prehallux toe are new radiological findings in Greig's Syndrome at this age. The diffuse distribution of skeletal anomalies suggests a more complex problem of the intrauterine process of ossification.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1984

Head measurements in newborn infants.

The present study establishes normal anthropometric standards for head length and head width in newborn infants born between 27 and 41 gestational weeks. These parameters were measured in 198 term and preterm newborn infants, and their relation to head circumference was determined for each gestational week. The results are presented as growth curves for gestational age.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1984

Neonatal polycythemia: II. Definition related to time of sampling.

The mathematical relationship between blood viscosity and hematocrit levels was studied in 93 venous blood samples drawn within the first 6 hours of life from 20 full-term infants with weight appropriate for gestational age. A highly significant linear correlation (r = .948) between the logarithm of the viscosity at all the shear rates examined and the Hct was found. This indicates an exponential relationship between the blood viscosity and the Hct levels for every value of the Hct greater than 42%. A new dynamic definition of neonatal polycythemia, which takes into consideration the time of sampling, is suggested. By determining the mean + 2 SD, the upper limit of the normal Hct at the age of 2 hours was 71% and at the age of 6 hours was 68%.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1984

Neonatal polycythemia: I. Early diagnosis and incidence relating to time of sampling.

The dynamic changes occurring in hematocrit and blood viscosity within the first 18 hours of life were studied in 50 full-term infants who were vaginally delivered and had weight appropriate for gestational age. In all cases, the cord was clamped within 30 seconds and cord blood was collected from the vein and artery. Subsequently, samples were taken from a peripheral vein at ages 15 minutes, and 2, 4, 6, and between 12 to 18 hours. Both the Hct and blood viscosity reach their peak at age 2 hours. The incidence of neonatal polycythemia varied greatly with age. Thus at the age of 2 hours, ten infants (20%) were polycythemic, whereas by age 6 hours only six (12%) of these infants were still polycythemic and by age 12 to 18 hours only one infant (2%) was polycythemic. A linear correlation was found between cord Hct levels and peripheral venous Hct levels by age 2 hours. None of the infants with cord blood Hct levels less than or equal to 56% had developed polycythemia, whereas ten of the 12 infants with cord Hct levels greater than 56% developed polycythemia. In this particular group of infants, cord blood Hct levels may be used for the screening of neonatal polycythemia.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1984

Determination of anterior displacement of the anus in newborn infants and children.

Anterior displacement of the anus is a common cause of constipation in infancy and early childhood. However, normal values are not available for defining anal displacement. Using a simple technique, an anal position index of less than 0.34 in girls and less than 0.46 in boys was indicative of anterior displacement. The diagnosis can be made in the neonatal period.

Anal Canal↗