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Biomedical subjects

S Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to S Gupta.

At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Employment status after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Factors that influence the effect of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) on employment were examined in 1427 2-year survivors from entry into the nonrandomized Mayo Clinic portion of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's prospective Coronary Artery Surgery Study. Five hundred seventy-nine patients (41%) were treated medically, 769 (54%) were treated surgically and 79 (5%) were initially treated medically but later had CABG. All groups were similar at entry with respect to age and percent working, retired or quitting work for cardiac reasons. There was a similar decline in employment from entry to 2 years in all three groups. The number who quit work for cardiac reasons was twice the number of previously disabled workers who returned to work with all three modes of therapy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to test the independent prognostic values of a number of variables for subsequent employment in the largest homogeneous surgical subset--496 nonretired males. Postoperative angina was the most powerful factor reducing postoperative employment. Postoperative employment was also lower if the patient was not working before surgery, was a laborer, or older than age 55 years (all p less than 0.01). Although the level of nonwork physical activity was generally increased after CABG, there was no relationship between physical activity and employment. This study confirms that employment declines after CABG, but three of the four most powerful prognostic variables were not related to surgery.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

T-cell subpopulations following thermal injury.

In this report, we have enumerated T-cell subsets as defined by receptors for immunoglobulin isotypes at 24 to 48 hours postburn. T cells possessing surface receptors for the Fc fragment of IgM represent a population of cells with helper activity, T mu cells, and T cells possessing surface receptors for the Fc fragment of IgG represent a population of cells with suppressor-cytotoxic function, T gamma cells. Significant alterations in the number and proportion of regulatory T cells was observed early in the course of severe burn trauma. A decrease in total T cells was accompanied by a drop in IgM-Fc binding lymphocytes, helper cells, in all burns greater than 20 per cent total body surface area. An increase in IgG-Fc binding lymphocytes was observed only in those patients who had sustained the most severe injuries, greater than 60 per cent total body surface area burn or greater than 25 per cent third-degree burn. These changes correlated linearly with the amount of full thickness injury, and the ratio of T mu:T gamma cells was significant at 24 to 48 hours postburn in predicting the risk of septic death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Heterogeneity of concanavalin A-induced suppressor T cells in man defined with monoclonal antibodies.

Human peripheral blood T lymphocytes were enriched for OKT4+ or OKT8+ subpopulations using complement mediated lysis with OKT8 or OKT4 monoclonal antibodies. These subpopulations and unfractionated T cells were separately stimulated with concanavalin A (Con A) for a period of 48 hr and were then examined for their suppressive influence on proliferative response of autologous T cells to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) or allogeneic non-T cells. Con A-activated unfractionated T cells, OKT4+ and OKT8+ T cell subsets markedly suppressed both these responses. Both OKT4+ and OKT8+ T cell subsets when enriched following Con A-activation of unfractionated T cells also caused significant suppression of proliferative responses of autologous T cells to PHA and allogeneic non-T cells in mixed lymphocyte cultures. The suppressive influence of Con A-activated T subsets was abolished by irradiation (2,000 rad) of activated cells. These studies indicate that Con A-induced suppressor T cells are heterogeneous. Precursors of Con A-induced suppressor T cells appear to reside in both OKT4+ and OKT8+ T cell populations.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1982

Subpopulations of human T-lymphocytes. XIX. T-cells and T-cells with receptors for IgMFc (T mu), IgGFc (T gamma), or IgAFc (T alpha) in the peripheral blood and regional lymph nodes of patients with untreated breast cancer.

Peripheral blood and regional lymph node mononuclear cells from 43 untreated patients with breast cancer were analyzed for the proportions of total T-cells and T-cells with receptors for the Fc portion of IgM (T mu), IgG (T gamma), or IgA (T alpha). Proportions of total T-cells and T mu cells both in peripheral blood and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients were comparable to those from health controls. The proportion of T gamma cells, however, was significantly (P less than 0.01) increased in the peripheral blood and lymph nodes from breast cancer patients as compared to that from controls. The proportion of T alpha in the peripheral blood was comparable; however, when compared to the number of T alpha cells in control lymph nodes, T alpha cells were increased (P less than 0.025) in the regional lymph nodes from patients with breast cancer. When data on the proportions of T-cells and T-cell subsets were analyzed according to the presence or absence of metastatic disease in the regional lymph nodes, the proportion of T gamma cells was significantly (P less than 0.025) higher in the peripheral blood from patients with metastatic disease than in patients with nonmetastatic disease. This study demonstrates an abnormality of T-cell subsets in the peripheral blood and the regional lymph nodes from patients with breast cancer. The significance of these observations is discussed.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1982

Deficient concanavalin-A-induced suppressor cell activity in women with untreated breast cancer.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 14 women with untreated breast cancer and 5 patients with non-malignant breast disease were studied for concanavalin-A (Con A) inducible suppressor activity against proliferative response of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Six of 14 patients with breast cancer demonstrated deficiency of suppressor cell activity against proliferation of autologous lymphocytes to PHA. This is in contrast to only 1 of 5 patients with benign breast disease who demonstrated deficiency of inducible suppressor activity. No correlation was observed between the deficiency of suppressor cells and the presence or absence of metastasis in the regional lymph nodes. The significance of these observations is discussed.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1982

Multiple splenic aspergillomas in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A case of multiple splenic aspergillomas (mycetomas) without systemic involvement is a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is described. The patient underwent splenectomy without concomitant antifungal therapy. There has been no recurrence of the disease for over two years. Granulocytopenia and airborn contamination may have played a role in the acquisition of this disease. The value of serology, radionuclide scans and cultures in the diagnosis of Aspergillus infections is explored. The role of granulocyte transfusions, antifungal chemotherapy and the achievement of bone marrow remission in localization of the fungal disease is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Chronic granulomatous disease and selective IgA deficiency.

The clinical and laboratory features of a child with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and IgA deficiency and his family are presented. Bactericidal and NBT dye reduction studies confirmed the diagnosis of CGD in the patient and the carrier state in the mother. No other family member had IgA deficiency. The manifestations of the IgA deficiency include multiple autoimmune antibodies, progressive pulmonary dysfunction but no gastrointestinal or rheumatoid symptoms. The etiology of the IgA deficiency appears to be a failure in terminal B cell differentiation as evidenced by the presence of normal numbers of IgA bearing cells detected by a fluorescent monospecific antisera, a normal profile of T cell subpopulations, normal responses to the mitogens PHA, Con A, PWM, and antigens C. albicans, E. coli, and S. aureus, and the absence of suppressor cell activity in co-culture assays. The significance of the association of these two disorders is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Scintigraphic detection of segmental bile-duct obstruction.

In a patient with acute obstructive jaundice, cholescintigraphy with technetium-99m-labeled iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) showed uniformly reduced uptake in the left lobe of the liver. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) demonstrated cholelithiasis and obstruction of the distal hepatic duct. Surgery, and later a T-tube cholangiogram, confirmed the presence of numerous stones in the left intrahepatic and common hepatic ducts. The liver was free of tumor. Intrahepatic segmental ductal obstruction may produce a spectrum of patterns on hepatobiliary imaging ranging from reduced uptake to intrahepatic pooling.

Aged↗