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Biomedical subjects

S Goto

Publications and source records attributed to S Goto.

At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Polyembryoma of ovary producing alpha-fetoprotein and HCG: immunoperoxidase and electron microscopic study.

Polyembryoma of ovary producing alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was studied by indirect immunoperoxidase method for AFP and HCG, and electron microscopy. Clinically, this patient showed pseudoprecocious puberty caused by elevated HCG which is synthesized by trophoblastic cells in polyembryoma. She is put under VAC (vincristine, actinomycin-D, cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy after operation and shows no signs of recurrence including reelevation of serum AFP at five months after operation. Embryoid bodies which we studied correspond to normal embryo at 15- or 16-day stage. Immunoperoxidase study showed that AFP is synthesized by yolk sac cells of the embryoid bodies and HCG is synthesized by syncytiotrophoblastic cells. The finding about AFP synthesis suggests that normal embryo at 15- or 16-day stage may begin AFP synthesis. Electron microscopic study showed that each part of the embryoid bodies had some characteristic structures. Most striking features found in the cytodifferentiation of the embryoid bodies were noticed in some special differentiation of plasma membrane and existence of surface coat. Desmosomes were found in endodermal cells and yolk sac cells. Ectodermal cells were attached to each other by zonulae occludentes and adherentes. Microvilli were found in ectodermal cells and yolk sac cells. Two different kinds of surface coat were found in mesodermal cells and lining cells of yolk sac cavity: thin-layered deposit of electron-dense material covering the plasma membrane facing intercellular space of mesodermal cells and endodermal cells, and thick-layered deposit of electron-dense material which covered the plasma membrane facing yolk sac cavity of endodermal cells and yolk sac cells. Presence of similar characteristic material in RER of yolk sac cells led us to speculate that thick deposit was synthesized by yolk sac cells and secreted into yolk sac cavity. Combined with immunoperoxidase study by light microscopy, we assume that this thick-layered deposit has some close relation to AFP.

Child↗
PubMed1982

Estimation of the single stranded region in the nuclear DNA of mouse tissues during aging with special reference to the brain.

The proportion of single stranded DNA in various tissues of mouse during aging was examined by measuring sensitivity to a single-strand specific nuclease. Brain DNA from mice of more than 15 mth old contained 3% of the single stranded regions while that from younger animals contained 2%. The DNAs from liver, kidney, heart and spleen did not show significant age-associated changes.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

The effects of temperature and pH on the growth of eight enteric and nine glucose non-fermenting species of gram-negative rods.

We studied the heat resistance and the range of growth temperature o gram-negative rods to find one of the bacterial factors governing their infectivity in exogenous and endogenous infections in predisposed patients. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter calcoaceticus grew equally well at 25, 30, 37, and 42 C. Among other sugar non-fermenting gram-negative rods, six species showed suppressed growth at either or both ends of the incubation temperature range. All the bacterial species tested were killed within 30 min at 60 or 70 C. At 10 C, none of the bacterial strains multiplied, but all survived for 6 hr. Of 17 bacterial species tested, E. coli had the widest range of growth temperature (18-47 C), and also the shortest time necessary for growth to the certain population. Among the sugar non-fermenting rods, A. calcoaceticus had the widest range of growth temperature (20-45 C) and also multiplied rapidly. Pseudomonas strains exhibited slower growth at all temperatures and also had a narrower range of growth temperature than Enterobacteriaceae. Among Pseudomonas species, P. aeruginosa had the widest range of growth temperature (25-42 C) and also showed rapid growth. Pseudomonas cepacia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Alcaligenes faecalis had a narrow range of growth temperature (28-37 C), and Pseudomonas fluorescens, Flavobacterium meningosepticum, and Moraxella grew most rapidly at 30 C. The above results are correlated fairly well with the incidence of clinical cases of infection. The growth attitude of a species of bacteria in response to temperature was considered to be one of the factors affecting the establishment of infection.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1982

Bactericidal activity of cefazolin, cefoxitin, and cefmetazole against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The bactericidal activity of cefazolin, cefoxitin, and cefmetazole against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated. The mean geometric minimum inhibition concentrations against 200 strains each of the test organisms were lowest for cefmetazole, followed by cefazolin and cefoxitin. The killing activity at 5 and 50 microgram/ml of cefazolin and cefmetazole was almost the same and was superior to that of cefoxitin. In the kinetic model under conditions simulating the serum levels of the two drugs in humans after intravenous injection (1 g), cefazolin was the strongest of the three drugs in bactericidal activity. The results indicate that the highest and most prolonged serum concentrations of cefazolin reflected the strong bactericidal activity and the longest inhibition period of bacterial regrowth.

Cefazolin↗
PubMed1982

Quantitative analysis of beta-lactamase production of multiple resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli.

A simple test of procedure is described for the rapid evaluation of beta-lactamase substrate profiles against all the clinically important beta-lactam antibiotics. By use of this method 100 clinical isolates of Escherichia coli were classified into four beta-lactamase types: TEM-like, 35; chromosomal-like, 56; others, 3; beta-lactamase-less, 6 strains. They were tested for their susceptibilities to cefuroxime, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cephalexin, cefazolin, cephaloridine, cephalothin, ampicillin, carbenicillin and kanamycin. The isolates of each of TEM-like and chromosomal-like beta-lactamase types showed a good correlation between the beta-lactamase activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined by the agar dilution method and the least square line analysis; MIC = ax + b, where x is enzyme activity, and a and b are constants. TEM-like beta-lactamase increased the resistance to ampicillin and carbenicillin markedly and that to cephalothin, cephaloridine and cefamandole moderately. In contrast, chromosomal-like beta-lactamase increased the resistance to ampicillin, cephalexin and cephalothin only slightly.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Specific enzyme immunoassay for human chorionic gonadotropin using antibody to the synthetic peptide corresponding to the carboxyl-terminal region of the beta-subunit of hCG.

A sandwich-type enzyme immunoassay for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was developed with anti hCG-beta antibody-enzyme complex and the immobilized solid-phase antibody which was prepared from the antiserum to the synthetic peptide corresponding to the carboxyl-terminal region of the beta-subunit of hCG (hCG-beta). This assay system showed a high sensitivity equal to the radioimmunoassay and did not cross-react with human luteinizing hormone (hLH), human follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) or alpha-subunit of hCG (hCG-alpha). The coefficients of variation in within-run and between-run were less than 10% and there was a good correlation between the enzyme immunoassay and the radioimmunoassay of serum sample with a regression equation of y = 1.038 x -0.647 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.953.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical trial of cisplatin in the treatment of ovarian carcinoma].

Cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) was administered to 20 patients with histologically proven ovarian cancer. Ten of 20 patients were evaluable. They consisted of 1 patient by single use and 9 by combined use. The dose of cisplatin in single administration was 50 mg/m2, and the schedule for combined administration was as follows: cisplatin (50mg/m2, i.v. day 1), adriamycin (40 mg/m2, i.v. day 1), cyclophosphamide (350 mg/m2, i.v. day 1) and 5-FU (350 mg/m2, i.v. day 1-5). This was repeated every three weeks. The side effects of cisplatin and in its combination use were relatively severe. All of 20 patients showed severe nausea and vomiting, but fortunately there were no signs of hepatotoxicity, bone marrow or renal impairments during these courses. As the result, according to the response criteria of Koyama-Saito's group, out of 10 evaluable patients, the response rate consisting of partial and complete responses was 50% (CR: 3 cases, RP: 2 cases). It is shown that cisplatin is effective and useful in chemotherapy for the patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Length of the polyadenylated sequence in cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid isolated from fetal calf myoblasts differentiating in vitro.

Poly(adenylic acid) [poly(A)] containing cytoplasmic ribonucleic acid (RNA) in differentiating fetal calf myoblasts cultivated in vitro was examined by hybridization with radioactive poly(uridylic acid). The size distribution of the poly(A)-containing RNA after sucrose-gradient centrifugation was similar in cells before and after differentiation. There was no apparent correlation between the length of the poly(A) segment and the change in stability of messenger RNA which occurs on differentiation, nor with the polysomal or nonpolysomal localization of the RNA in the cytoplasm. The average length of the poly(A) segments in cytoplasmic RNA in the steady state was found to be dependent on the size of the RNA: the longer the RNA, the longer the average length of the poly(A) sequence. In contrast, in pulse-labeled RNa, the length of poly(A) is similar in all size classes of RNa.

Animals↗