Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Gorgone.
The authors, on the basis of a case recently observed dwell upon the natural history, the etiopathogenesis, and diagnosis of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. After confirming that medical therapy may be successful in selected cases only, different surgical procedures are analysed. It is concluded that outcome and prognosis of these subjects depend on early diagnosis.
Over the past ten years numerous studies have been carried out to identify tumour markers able to diagnose cancer of the digestive tract. The paper reports the combined use of some markers (CEA, TPA, GICA, CA 125) in patients with carcinoma of the colon-rectum. The Authors conclude that although these markers are of little use, especially in association, in the early diagnosis of disease, it is very important to utilise these markers to monitor patients following surgical, chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic treatment.
Among the other complications of enterostomy, prolapse deserves particular mention on account of the therapeutic problems involved in its correction. Based on a report of the authors' personal experience, the paper focuses on the mechanisms of onset and, above all, on the most appropriate forms of treatment, before continuing to describe the different surgical reparative techniques. In conclusion, the authors affirm that an optimal tailoring of the enterostomy and its appropriate preparation represent the ideal method of preventing the onset of prolapse.
The results of an histochemical and microscopic study of the APUD cells carried on gastric biopsies are reported. Endocrine cell hyperplasia, microscopically detected, was particularly evident in atrophic gastritis (type A chronic gastritis) and adenomas. The presence of the APUD cells confirmed by electronmicroscopy, which revealed granules of 200 NM with a central nucleus and a membrane-separating electron-lucent ring, gives a further contribution to the hypothesis of a possible association between endocrine cell hyperplasia and intestinal metaplasia.
The authors describe, in the light of the current literature, the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic characteristic of testicular cancer. They remark the good results of adjuvant therapy in this type of tumor.
The Authors report two cases of unilateral multicystic kidney dysplasia comparing the etiopathogenetic and clinical characteristics with those of polycystic kidney disease. They conclude with some considerations on the current therapeutic trend in these cases.
Pathophysiological mechanisms of Fournier's gangrene are reported. Variety and progression of clinical manifestations are stressed as well. The importance of an accurate therapeutic protocol in the treatment of this peculiar and serious disease is therefore underlined.
The reasons that led to subcutaneous mastectomy in some initial stage breast cancer patients are reported. After removal of the mammary gland, this surgical technique provides for prosthetic reconstruction and should therefore be confined to women with initial stage cancer who for psychological or aesthetic reasons refuse more destructive operations. The technique is described and results obtained discussed, recalling that this type of non-destructive operation will be increasingly in demand in the future but needs preclinical diagnosis of the local disease and its systemic diffusion.
After recalling the various therapeutic aids proposed for the treatment of hydatid disease, personal experience in the use of mebendazole in patients suffering from pulmonary hydatidosis is reported. On the basis of the results obtained, it is concluded that mebendazole represents a useful therapeutic approach provided it is administered in full doses and for a long period in well selected cases, namely patients with cysts of limited dimension and, probably, of comparatively recent onset.
The Authors, after pointing out how incidence of gastric cancer has been reducing last decades, dwell upon environmental and genetic factors that may be linked to the occurrence of such neoplasia. After reporting the data of a retrospective study, they consider the survival rates related to the clinical stage and site of the tumor as well as the therapeutic treatment adopted. They conclude that, even though today gastric cancer is a neoplasia with a still unfavourable prognosis, an early diagnosis and a proper therapeutic procedure may give sufficient guarantees of success.
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After discussing the mechanism of action of antioestrogens and medroxy-progesterone-acetate, the authors report on their experience with the sequential use of these two hormones in a group of patients with advanced cancer of the breast. After illustrating the results of their study, the authors conclude by stressing that the sequential use of these drugs appears to improve the quality of life of the patients with a significant increase in rates of complete or partial remission of the neoplastic disease.
The authors report on their experience regarding the use of tumours markers for the pre-operative monitoring and subsequent follow-up of patients suffering from thyroid carcinoma. All patients were subjected to radio-immuno-assay for circulating thyroglobulin, a valuable indicator of residual and metastatic thyroid tissue. The patients suffering from medullary carcinoma of the thyroid and their immediate families were also monitored by periodic thyrocalcitonin assay. A further tumour marker assayed was CEA, levels of which are raised in the presence of thyroid neoplasms at an advanced or metastasizing stage. The authors conclude by presenting the results obtained and confirm the usefulness of these tumour markers in the study and follow-up of patients with thyroid carcinoma.
After first analyzing the basic pathophysiological aspects and the mechanism of action of aminoglutethimide, the authors report on their experience with the use of this steroid biosynthesis inhibitor in a group of geriatric patients with advanced cancer of the breast. After illustrating the results of their study, the authors conclude by stressing that the use of this drug appears to improve the quality of life of the patients with a significant increase in rates of complete or partial remission of the neoplastic disease.
The authors, after considering the incidence of neoplastic diseases is particularly high in subjects suffering from congenital or acquired immunologic lacks, assert the importance to perform an immunologic monitoring in the patients bearing malignant neoplasms, with the purpose to identify and calculate the direrent deficits of the sheltering organism. Then, they state the method adopted for the study of the cellulo-mediate immunity (in vivo and in vitro) and the humoral one. At last, on the basis of the results they obtained, the Authors, as a conclusion, affirm there is always in neoplastic patients a certain degree of depression of tumour immunity (especially if cellulo-mediate), and it can be put in relation to the evolutive stage of neoplasm.
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The authors, after discussing the incidence and etiopathogenesis of displastic and neoplastic diseases of breast in geriatric age, state their experience in the treatment of such illnesses. They emphasize the necessity for a treatment suitable for aged people, based on the selection of the patients, their preparation and the constant pre- and postoperative monitoring, and, as a conclusion, affirm the necessity for a strict interdisciplinary cooperation, pith the purpose to ecectively treat such pathology, showing a more and more increasing incidence in the population of the most advanced nations.