Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Goldstein

Publications and source records attributed to S Goldstein.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The effect of insulin on basal and hormone-induced elevations of cyclic AMP content in cultured human fibroblasts.

Studies were carried out on confluent cultures of human fibroblasts to explore the effect of insulin on basal and hormone-induced elevations of intracellular cyclic AMP content during short-term incubations in serum-free medium. Insulin tended to decrease basal levels of cyclic AMP but this was not statistically significant. Similarly, insulin was unable to block the elevations of intracellular cyclic AMP content induced by PGE1, epinephrine and glucagon. Paradoxically, when cells were preincubated with insulin, PGE1-stimulated cyclic AMP elevation was potentiated, possibly because insulin was conserving factors needed for a maximal PGE1 stimulus or retarding the leakage of cAMP itself. The results indicate that insulin has little or no direct effect on cyclic AMP metabolism in cultured human fibroblasts and is consistent with the known insensitivity of these cells to insulin for other parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Design and function of a mechanical assembly for recording echocardiograms during upright exercise.

It has proved difficult to record satisfactorily echocardiograms during patient motion. This report describes the design and preliminary results obtained with an echo harness with which the transducer can be held stationary or moved rapidly and predictably by remote control. With this apparatus, recordings can be made during tilting, drug intervention, and during bicycle and treadmill exercise.

Amplifiers, Electronic↗
PubMed1975

The team approach in a psychogeriatric unit.

The importance of a multidisciplinary team approach was recognized when a 14-bed short-term Psychogeriatric Unit was opened in a psychiatric hospital. The limited time available to the psychiatrist in charge placed a heavy clinical responsibility on the paramedical personnel who formed the team. Initially, role distinctions were kept vague and regarded as not overly important. Six months after the Unit opened, all the staff members filled out a questionnaire. They felt that communication within the team was good, that they could fulfill the role of primary therapist, and that they understood their own roles and those of others. All regarded the psychiatrist as the head of the team. The psychiatrist felt that he had the ultimate responsibility for over-all care of the patients, that any attempt ot blur roles caused problems, and that there had been a partial regression to more traditional patterns. Members of the Unit regarded themselves as a team, able to work together and pool skills in treating patients, and thus play a significant part in total care. This attitude proved more valuable than attempting to break away from the medical model or decrying the importance of roles.

Communication↗
PubMed1975

Effects of expiratory threshold loading during steady-state exercise.

Increases in functional residual capacity (FRC) decrease inspiratory muscle efficiency; the present experiments were designed to determine the effect of FRC change on the ventilatory response to exercise. Six well-trained adults were exposed to expiratory threshold loads (ETL) ranging from 5 to 40 cmH2O during steady-state exercise on a bicycle ergometer at 40-95% VO2max. Inspiratory capacity (IC) was measured and changes of IC interpreted as changes of FRC. ETL did not consistently limit exercise performance. At heavy work (greater than 92% VO2max) minute ventilation decreased with increasing ETL; at moderate work (less than 58% VO2max) it did not. Decreases in ventilation were due to decreases in respiratory frequency with prolongation of the duration of expiration being the most consistent change in breathing pattern. At moderate work levels, FRC increased with ETL; at maximum work it did not. Changes in FRC were dictated by constancy of tidal volume and a fixed maximum end-inspiratory volume of 80-90% of the inspiratory capacity. When tidal volume was such that end-inspiratory volume was less than this value, FRC increased with ETL. Mouth pressure measured during the first 0-1 s of inspiratory effort against an occluded airway (P0-1) was increased by ETL equals 30 cmH2O, in spite of the fact that ventilation was decreased. We concluded that changes in FRC due to ETL had no effect on the ventilatory response to exercise and that changes in P0-1 induced by ETL did not reflect changes of inspiratory drive so much as changes of the pattern of inspiration.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Imipramine and electrocardiographic abnormalities in hyperactive children.

The authors report seven cases of electrocardiographic abnormalities occurring in 7- to 10-year-old children receiving imipramine pharmacotherapy for behavior disorders. Three of the children evidenced a first-degree atrioventricular block. The abnormalities were less pronounced in the other four children. Imipramine plasma levels during steady state were not found to be directly related to the extent of the electrocardiographic changes within the obtained plasma values. The authors emphasize the necessity of careful clinical surveillance of children receiving imipramine pharmacotherapy.

Atrioventricular Node↗
PubMed1975

Pathological implications of cell aging in vitro.

The replicative capacity of cultured human fibroblasts is discussed in relation to three areas, diabetes mellitus, expression of HL-A antigens, and interactions with polymerizing fibrin. The replicative capacity of cells is dimished in diabetes mellitus and certain related disorders such as progeria and Werner's syndrome, all of which feature accelerated aging. Expression of HL-A antigens is reduced in progeria fibroblasts compared to normal cultures at corresponding stages of passage. Normal cells show more subtle alteration during aging in vitro probably related to clonal heterogeneity and/or selection within mass cultures. Early-passage fibroblasts interact rapidly with polymerizing fibrin to form a mature clot which is then retracted by a process dependent on cellular integrity and active metabolism. Late-passage cultures are less active in both parameters as are fibroblasts from a subject with progeria. These observations, in total, may relate to altered self-recognition and certain autoimmune concomitants of aging in vivo. They may also help to explain impaired wound healing and increased predisposition to atherothrombosis in aging and diabetic individuals. This system of cultured human fibroblasts should serve as an excellent model to investigate the cellular and molecular basis of diabetes mellitus, aging and related pathology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Myocardial wall thickness as a measurement of left ventricular ischemia.

Using a newly developed myocardial wall thickness gauge, the change in the left ventricular wall thickness was measured during a period of partial myocardial ischemia and compared with changes and other parameters of left ventricular function. This study revealed that major changes of systolic wall thickness occur without any significant change in left ventricular function parameters.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Correlation between coronary venous inosine concentration and myocardial wall thickening during regional ischemia.

Correlations between local mechanical and metabolic events were studied during partial decrease in flow in the left anterior descending coronary artery in the open-chest pig. During ischemia, systolic ventricular wall thickening decreased. Concomitantly, the concentration of inosine, hypoxanthine, lactate, and potassium in the regional anterior coronary vein increased, whereas the concentration of these compounds in the femoral artery did not change. A negative correlation was observed between the venous inosine concentration and the decreased myocardial wall thickening during ischemia. This study indicates that the local venous inosine concentration is a sensitive indicator of regional myocardial ischemia in the pig.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1975

Prognostic grading and significance of ventricular premature beats after recovery from myocardial infarction.

A 6-hour taped electrocardiogram recording was obtained prior to hospital discharge on 193 patients less than 66 years of age with a definite or probable myocardial infarction. All ventricular premature beats (VPBs) were identified on the 6-hour recording, and the various VPB characteristics were related to a complicated course (CC) defined as cardiac death or myocardial reinfarction within 4 months after hospital discharge. Only three univariate VPB characteristics (multiform pattern, bigeminal rhythm, and frequency greater than or equal to 20/hr) were significantly associated with a 4-month posthospital CC. By use of bivariate and multivariate combinations of these three VPB characteristics, a two-grade prognostic stratification system was derived: Grade I VPBs (CC = 8%) included patients with less than 20 VPB/hr but with neither multiform nor bigeminal beats: Grade II VPBs (CC = 31%, P less than 0.001) contained patients with greater than or equal to 20 VPBs/hr or with multiform or bigeminal beats or both. Patients with Grade II VPBs had more severe cardiac disease, but when patients were stratified by the clinical severity of their cardiac disease, Grade II VPBs identified patients with higher CC rates. The clinical significance of these findings together with a critical analysis of the prognostic stratification method are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1974

The psychogeriatric patient in hospital.

The records of 148 geriatric patients discharged from the Royal Ottawa Hospital over an 18-month period were studied. The readmission rate, 38%, was similar to that of all inpatients in this hospital. The largest diagnostic category was depressive neurosis. More women than men had diagnoses of affective disorders, while more men had organic brain disease; these differences were statistically significant. The average length of hospital stay was 25 days. Those patients with diagnoses of organic brain disease and alcoholism had shorter stays than those with affective disorders. The implications of these findings in terms of setting up a psychogeriatric unit are discussed.

Adjustment Disorders↗