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Biomedical subjects

S Goldberg

Publications and source records attributed to S Goldberg.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Multiple optic fiber patterns in the catfish retina.

The retinas of certain catfish contain multiple optic discs. This report describes the patterns of optic nerve fibers and optic discs as seen in silver-stained flat mounts, in 11 different families of catfish. As many as 50 optic discs may exist in a single retina, in paired and unpaired combinations, and in slit and ring-like arrays.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Parent-infant bonding: another look.

While previous reviewers of the literature on early parent-infant contacts assume existing experiments are adequate tests of the sensitive period hypothesis, this review asserts that the hypothesis has not been tested on three counts: (1) there are no systematic studies of initial mother-infant contacts, (2) the majority of the studies confound timing and amount of contact, and (3) failure to consider underlying mechanisms resulted in the omission of designs and dependent measures that could address the appropriate questions.

Child Development↗
PubMed1983

Limitation of infarct size with thrombolytic agents--electrocardiographic indexes.

Forty-four patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction underwent cardiac catheterization 4.7 +/- 1.3 hours (+/- SD) after the onset of persistent chest discomfort. Thirty-nine patients had total occlusion of infarct-related vessels; 27 of these 39 had successful intracoronary thrombolysis. Twenty of these 27 patients (74%) had reperfusion arrhythmia. Accelerated idioventricular rhythm was most often observed with reperfusion of all myocardial zones, while sinus bradycardia and hypotension accompanied reperfusion of the inferoposterior left ventricle. Three patients with spontaneous accelerated idioventricular rhythm had patient, stenosed, infarct-related vessels on the initial coronary angiogram. Patients with unsuccessful intracoronary thrombolysis did not demonstrate these specific arrhythmias. While there is rapid control of injury current with successful intracoronary thrombolysis, Q waves develop rapidly after reperfusion; however, in the days after intracoronary thrombolysis, there is a decline in Q wave with partial regrowth in R wave amplitude in some patients. Thus, specific arrhythmias, most notably accelerated idioventricular rhythm, are useful markers for the occurrence and timing of successful coronary arterial recanalization. In addition, rapid control of injury current and partial regrowth of R waves are electrocardiographic markers of myocardial salvage.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Perioperative coronary arterial spasm: long-term follow-up.

Six patients who survived episodes of coronary arterial spasm occurring immediately after coronary bypass grafting were followed up for 15 to 30 (mean 20) months after operation. In all patients coronary spasm occurred in an unobstructed dominant right coronary artery and caused inferior transmural ischemia. Sudden circulatory collapse occurred in five of the six patients as a consequence of acute coronary spasm. All patients were treated with nitroglycerin followed by nifedipine. No patient has had recurrent angina or other evidence of spontaneous coronary spasm since surgery. Cardiac catheterization studies, including ergonovine maleate testing, were repeated 3 to 12 months after surgery in five of the six patients. The right coronary artery and all bypass grafts were patent in all five. Four patients had new inferior wall motion abnormalities. Ergonovine provoked focal right coronary arterial spasm in one patient. It is concluded that manifestations of coronary spasm after myocardial revascularization range from asymptomatic S-T segment elevation to severe hypotension. These episodes of perioperative spasm may cause myocardial necrosis. Coronary spasm has not recurred in patients who survived perioperative spasm, but some patients may have a continued predisposition to development of coronary spasm late after surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Combination therapy for evolving myocardial infarction: intracoronary thrombolysis and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Nonsurgical coronary reperfusion for evolving myocardial infarction is a promising new technique for the salvage of jeopardized myocardium. Successful reperfusion can be established by intracoronary infusion of streptokinase in approximately 75 percent of patients within the first 6 hours of transmural infarction [1.2]. Following recanalization, most patients are left with high grade fixed coronary stenoses which are potential sites for recurrent thrombus formation. Since the underlying site for coronary thrombosis is still present, reocclusion may occur. Indeed, early experience suggests that recurrence of thrombosis is not uncommon [3.4]. Therapy for evolving myocardial infarction should, in some patients, involve not only thrombolysis, but also an attack on the fixed coronary lesion. We describe a patient wit evolving myocardial infarction who was treated successfully with combination therapy consisting of intracoronary streptokinase followed by percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty [5].

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

Effect of (+)- or (-)-enantiomers of fenfluramine or norfenfluramine on nutrient selection by rats.

The effects of the (+)- and (-)-enantiomers of fenfluramine and norfenfluramine on food choice and total food consumption by rats, have been examined. Animals were trained to select their food during an 8-h daily interval from two isocaloric-isocarbohydrate (40%) diets differing in protein contents (5 or 45% casein). Low doses of (+)-fenfluramine (1.25 or 1.65 mg kg-1) selectively reduced consumption of the 5%-protein diet during the hour after administration, thereby also reducing carbohydrate intake by a greater proportion than protein intake. Higher doses (2.5 or 4.0 mg kg-1) diminished consumption of both test diets to an equivalent extent. (+)-Norfenfluramine, although anorectic, did not modify the relative consumptions of carbohydrate and protein at any dose tested. These observations affirm that nutrient selection as well as total food consumption can be altered by drugs affecting particular neurotransmitters.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Menarche and interest in infants: biological and social influences.

2 studies are reported in which 12-13-year-old girls, half of whom were premenarcheal and half post-menarcheal, responded to pictures of infants. In study 1, the 40 postmenarcheal girls preferred pictures of infants to those of adults more often than did their 40 premenarcheal peers. In the second study, 20 boys, 20 premenarcheal girls, and 20 postmenarcheal girls rated pictures of infants, peers, college students, and 30-50-year-olds. Only postmenarcheal girls rated infants more positively than boys did. Concurrent assessments of interest in motherhood, cognitive sophistication about the relationship between menarche and childbearing, attitudes toward menarche, and sex-role self-image did not differentiate pre- and postmenarcheal girls. The effects of experience with infants differed in the 2 studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Coronary-artery spasm immediately after myocardial revascularization: recognition and management.

We investigated coronary-artery spasm in six patents who had had unexpected hemodynamic collapse within two hours after cardiopulmonary bypass for myocardial revascularization. All six had profound hypotension and recurrent ST-segment elevation in electrocardiographic Leads II, III, and aVF. All had either normal or noncritical luminal irregularities of dominant right coronary arteries and more than 75 per cent occlusions in the left coronary circulation. Right-coronary-artery spasm, which was reversed after intracoronary nitroglycerin, was demonstrated angiographically in one patient; a patent right coronary artery was found at autopsy in another patient. Three patients died despite large intravenous doses of nitroglycerin. Two patients who had been unresponsive to intravenous nitroglycerin recovered after direct infusion of nitroglycerin into the right coronary artery. Coronary-artery spasm immediately after myocardial revascularization may cause circulatory collapse and death; although the spasm may be refractory to usual therapy, it may respond to intracoronary nitroglycerin.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A new lack of twist for the Judkins left coronary catheter.

We have developed a modified Judkins left coronary arteriography catheter. The catheter is fabricated from 7 French thin-walled tubing made of extruded polyethylene. This tubing has a larger lumen diameter than either the 7 French or 8 French torque-control tubings used for standard Judkins coronary arteriography catheters. The large lumen substantially improves the pressure-flow characteristics of the catheter. Accordingly, it is considerably easier to inject contrast medium through this tubing. Although this tubing has no torsional rigidity, the lack of torque-control has proved to be an advantage rather than a detriment in the use of the catheter. Based on experience of over 2,000 studies with this catheter, we feel that it is superior to standard torque-control catheters for left coronary angiograms.

Cardiac Catheterization↗