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Biomedical subjects

S Goldberg

Publications and source records attributed to S Goldberg.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Collagenase in the lower respiratory tract of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.

Collagenase activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was measured against Type I collagen (17 patients) and against Type III collagen (13 patients). Serine protease activity was also measured against Type III collagen (13 patients). Type I collagenase activity was detectable in 12 of 17 and Type III collagenase was detectable in 12 of 13 patients with ARDS. The 10 control subjects had no detectable Types I or III collagenase activity. Total and differential white cell counts were analyzed in the lavage fluid. Although the total counts did not differ between patients with ARDS and control subjects, the percentage of neutrophils was increased more than 25-fold and the percentage of macrophages was reduced almost 10-fold in the ARDS patients. Serial collagenase activity was followed in 1 ARDS survivor. In this patient Type III collagenase activity peaked before the Type I collagenase activity or serine protease activity reached their maximums. Both the latter enzyme activities paralleled the total recoverable cells in the BAL.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Short-term and long-term survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis treated with oxandrolone and prednisolone.

A cooperative study was conducted to determine the efficacy of 30 days of treatment with either a glucocorticosteroid (prednisolone) or an anabolic steroid (oxandrolone) in moderate or severe alcoholic hepatitis. One hundred thirty-two patients with moderate disease and 131 with severe disease were randomly assigned to one of three treatments: prednisolone, oxandrolone, or placebo. During the 30 days, mortality in the groups receiving steroid therapy was not significantly different from mortality in the placebo group. Thirteen per cent of the moderately ill patients and 29 per cent of the severely ill patients died. Although neither steroid improved short-term survival, oxandrolone therapy was associated with a beneficial effect on long-term survival. This was especially true in patients with moderate disease: among those who survived for one or two months after the start of treatment the conditional six-month death rate was 3.5 per cent after oxandrolone and 19 to 20 per cent after placebo (P = 0.02). No consistent long-term effect was associated with prednisolone therapy.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1984

[Theses on the evaluation of arterial circulatory disorders of the extremities].

In an expert opinion of disturbance of the arterial blood supply concerning invalidity the vascular disease must be proved with sufficient ascertainment as well as the functional capacity remained must be estimated. Every expert opinion should contain as far as possible concrete data already in the angiologic-diagnostic minimum programme. In problematic cases supplementations by a special angiological diagnostics are necessary. The criteria of evaluation of arterial obstructive diseases for an expert opinion concerning invalidity are also summarized in theses. Also the relations between disturbances of the peripheral blood supply and effects of injury are discussed. The paper concludes with references to the acknowledgement of a disability card in arterial obstructive diseases and to the motor-car driving ability of patients with vascular diseases.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

Thromboxane A2 in acute myocardial infarction.

We evaluated the presence of thromboxane B2, the stable metabolite of thromboxane A2, early in the course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in both animal and patient studies. In an open-chest model, the left anterior descending artery (LAD) was isolated and the great cardiac vein was cannulated in nine dogs. Following occlusion of the LAD, there was an increase in thromboxane B2 concentration from 0.77 +/- 0.0093 to 1.79 +/- 0.46 pmol/ml (p less than 0.05) and 1.96 +/- 0.48 pmol/ml (p less than 0.05) at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively, following coronary occlusion. At 30 and 60 minutes after occlusion there was no significant increase compared to the baseline. In 17 patients with AMI the mean thromboxane B2 concentration was 0.96 +/- 0.13 pmol/ml at 4.88 +/- 0.40 hours after the onset of chest pain. In 12 patients with sequential samples before and after restoration of patency of the occluded vessel, the initial concentration was 0.71 +/- 0.058 pmol/ml. At 5 minutes after restoration of patency thromboxane B2 concentration was 1.1 +/- 0.17 pmol/ml (p = 0.05). One hour later a return to baseline was noted (0.82 +/- 0.75 pmol/ml). Two patients with the highest thromboxane B2 concentrations (2.0 and 2.6 pmol/ml) were unable to have successful recanalization. We conclude that generation of thromboxane A2 occurs during the early stages of AMI and may be an important pathophysiologic phenomenon in AMI.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Intracoronary thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction: clinical course following successful myocardial reperfusion.

We reviewed the clinical course of 73 patients who had attempted intracoronary thrombolysis, with emphasis on follow-up. Fifty-nine patients (81%) had coronary reflow sufficient to control pain and injury current: 52 received thrombolysis alone and seven had thrombolysis combined with acute coronary angioplasty. Recurrent ischemic events in hospital were frequent and occurred in 17 patients (29%). These included silent reocclusion (four patients), recurrent angina (eight patients), and recurrent infarction in the same myocardial zone (five patients). Late ischemic events occurred in 11 patients (19%) and included silent reocclusion (two patients) and angina (nine patients). Although acute coronary angioplasty resulted in a high rate of successful myocardial reperfusion, long-term vessel patency was infrequent. The results of coronary bypass surgery, performed in hospital for severe residual coronary stenosis and angina and later for recurrent angina, were uniformly good. At follow-up of 6 to 36 months (mean 18.5 +/- 8.1), total mortality was five patients (8%). Only 16 reperfused patients (27%) were alive and well without recurrent ischemia or interventions. We conclude that reopening an acutely occluded coronary artery by thrombolysis and/or angioplasty can be performed in the majority of patients but must be regarded as initial therapy in view of the high incidence of recurrent ischemic events. Reperfused patients with stable myocardial blood supply post infarction have low long-term mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Changes in extracellular space in optic nerves of regenerative and nonregenerative animals after hypertonic fixation: implications for axon regeneration.

The optic nerves of some regenerative and nonregenerative animals were compared using electron microscopy, after hypertonic perfusion. Optic axons and glial cell processes separated more readily in regenerative animals, creating large extracellular spaces. In mammals, cell processes remained in close proximity. These findings may indicate lesser adhesion between cell processes in optic nerves of regenerative animals, a characteristic that could allow "potential" space for axon regrowth after nerve injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Isolated gastric varices due to spontaneous splenic vein thrombosis.

Isolated bleeding gastric varices due to a spontaneous idiopathic thrombosis of the splenic vein was found to be the cause of obscure, painless recurrent bleeding in our patient. The diagnosis of spontaneous splenic vein thrombosis should be considered in the presence of gastrointestinal bleeding with unexplained splenomegaly. Prominent gastric folds may be the only barium contrast or endoscopic finding often lacking esophageal varices. Arteriography is essential in demonstrating an obstructed splenic vein. Splenectomy is the treatment of choice of "left-sided" portal hypertension.

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage↗
PubMed1983

Reperfusion arrhythmia: a marker of restoration of antegrade flow during intracoronary thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction.

We studied the effects of coronary recanalization on arrhythmogenesis in patients undergoing intracoronary thrombolysis during the early hours of myocardial infarction. Catheterization, ventriculography, coronary angiography, and intracoronary streptokinase infusion were performed in 22 patients. Twenty-one of 22 had thrombotic total occlusion of the infarct-related transient thrombolysis with reocclusion by the end of the procedure. In 12 of these 17 patients, restoration of antegrade coronary flow was accompanied by transient arrhythmia. In these 12 patients coronary angiography within seconds of onset of arrhythmia showed vessel patency in a previously totally occluded coronary artery. Two additional patients developed arrhythmias during streptokinase infusion but after reperfusion had already been established. Accelerated idioventricular rhythm was most often noted. Sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular block with hypotension occurred during restoration of flow in arteries supplying the inferoposterior left ventricle. These arrhythmias may be useful noninvasive markers of successful reperfusion during thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Axon end-bulb swellings and rapid retrograde degeneration after retinal lesions in young animals.

After making a lesion of the retina, anterograde (Wallerian) and retrograde degeneration of optic axons occurred more rapidly in newborn mice than in adults. Axon sprouting occurred only in adult mice, perhaps because retrograde degeneration may have been too rapid and severe for sprouting to occur in newborns. Retinal lesions in mice of any age produced end-bulb swellings initially on both sides of the lesion. In all animals, dense packing of lysosomes and other organelles occurred in end-bulbs on the side of Wallerian degeneration but did not occur in end-bulbs on the retrograde side, where accumulation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum was the most characteristic change. Retrograde end-bulbs appeared much like growth cones, which sprouted in adults, but degenerated in younger animals. Continuing daily enlargement of end-bulb swellings was noted on the Wallerian side of lesions in adults, but not in newborns. Such enlargement is believed to have resulted from retrograde axoplasmic transport and suggests that such transport may be greater in adults than in newborns.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Molecular epidemiological studies of United States Gulf Coast Vibrio cholerae strains: integration site of mutator vibriophage VcA-3.

Environmental and clinical Vibrio cholerae O-1 strains isolated from the U.S. Gulf Coast region were found to be lysogenic for a vibriophage which we have designated VcA-3. Comparison of VcA-3 with the previously described vibriophages VcA-1 and VcA-2 has shown that VcA-1 and VcA-3 are homoimmune, have extensive sequence homology, but have markedly different restriction endonuclease digestion patterns. VcA-3 was found to randomly integrate into the V. cholerae RV79 chromosome and to introduce stable auxotrophic mutations. We show that all U.S. Gulf Coast environmental and clinical isolates that are lysogenic for VcA-3, including both tox+ and tox- isolates, contain the prophage integrated at an identical chromosomal site. Given the known stability of temperate mutator bacteriophages, these results suggest that there is a clonal relationship among the V. cholerae O-1 strains examined in this study, including the tox+ and tox- isolates.

Bacteriophages↗