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Biomedical subjects

S Ganguli

Publications and source records attributed to S Ganguli.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

An improved approach for performance evaluation in lower extremity involvement.

An investigation has been carried out to confirm the relationship between heart rate and energy expenditure in case of normal and lower extremity handicapped persons and, to explore the difference, if any, between both the relationships. Studies have been made on 8 below-knee amputees fitted with patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) prostheses and 10 normal subjects, taken as two separate groups and also, on 1 below-knee amputee and 1 control subject as individuals. It has been found that a significant difference exists between both the relationships and hence, separate heart rate-energy expenditure relationship is needed to evaluate the performance of lower extremity handicapped in clinics and in industry without going into the cumbersome, clumsy and time consuming methods of estimating physiological cost.

Amputees↗
PubMed1980

Adrenergic modulation of pancreatic hormone secretion in utero: studies in fetal sheep.

To assess the functional maturity of adrenergic modulation of plasma concentration of glucose, as well as immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) and immunoreactive insulin (IRI) secretion in utero, adrenergic agonists with or without beta (propranolol) or alpha (phentolamine) antagonists were infused to the chronically catheterized sheep fetus (n = 35) late in the third trimester. Mean +/- S.E. days at study was 129.5 +/- 1.5; term is 150 days. In 9 separate studies at gestational age 129 +/- 1 days, the infusion of saline for 3 hr was not associated with significant changes in the basal levels of glucose, IRG, or IRI. With epinephrine, 6 microgram/min (n = 6) glucose rose from 16.7 +/- 3.6 to 41.9 +/- 9.7 mg/dl, IRG rose from 75 +/- 8 to 219 +/- 45 pg/ml, and IRI fell from 22.6 +/- 1.7 to 12.7 +/- 3.5 microunits/ml (P less than 0.05 for each). Propranolol alone (n = 4) did not alter basal glucose or IRG but significantly suppressed IRI. Propranolol did, however, markedly attentuate the rise in glucose and IRG while exaggerating the fall in IRI during epinephrine infusion. Qualitatively similar but smaller responses were obtained with epinephrine, 0.4 microgram/min (n = 10). Similarly, elevation of glucose and suppression of IRI was obtained with norepinephrine, 2 microgram/min (n = 5), but IRG levels did not rise significantly. Alpha-Adrenergic blockade alone augmented IRI from 18 +/- 3 to 38 +/- 5 microunits/ml without affecting glucose or IRG concentrations; during alpha blockade, norepinephrine infusion failed to induce the rise in glucose, IRG remained unchanged, and IRI remained elevated (n = 5). 2-Deoxy-D-glucose, 200 mg IV over 30 min, did not affect glucose, IRG, or IRI (n = 5). Thus, appropriate adrenergic modulation of plasma concentrations of glucose, and of IRG and IRI secretion is established in the third trimester.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

An integrated biomechanical-bioenergetic technique for evaluation of human locomotion.

The existing locomotion evaluation techniques are based either on bioenergetic measurements or on biomechanical principles and procedures. While the former basis has been preferred by a few, published literature in this field has contained more information on the latter. No significant work combining both the approaches in a single measurement system is known so far. This paper reports an investigation where an attempt was made to combine both the techniques in relation to a mixed handicapped population composed of 10 test subjects as well as a matching control group. It has been found from the present investigation that the combined application of the above two types of measurements might lead to more useful information about the performance level of the subjects in locomotion. Further, the statistical analysis of the experimental data revealed the existance of a linear correlationship among the parameters used for such performance evaluation. Finally, the study findings have been discussed to indicate how the biomechanical measurements alone can throw sufficient light on the subject's locomotor status.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Use of a gait abnormality index for locomotion efficiency evaluation.

A number of gait curves obtained from 16 healthy, able-bodied adult males were selected as "normal" gait curves and thereafter analysed with a view to defining a "Gait Abnormality Index", which may be used as quantitative measure of human performance in locomotion. Similar studies on five groups of handicapped subjects, each group having 8 to 10 subjects with a particular type of handicap, indicate the suitability of this index for application in locomotion efficiency evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Bidirectional placental transfer of glucose and its turnover in fetal and maternal sheep.

Glucose biokinetics were assessed simultaneously in the pregnant ewe and its fetus by a primed constant infusion of 2-3H glucose and U-14C glucose. Late in gestation fetal glucose turnover was 27.3 +/- 3.7 mg/min; expressed in terms of fetal weight this is 6 to 10 mg/kg/min. In the fed state the results indicated that all of the fetal glucose turnover was derived from the mother via placental transfer and there was no evidence that the fetus was capable of glucose production. Maternal glucose turnover was 145.6 +/- 9.3 mg/min (2.8 mg/kg/min). There was a significant amount of glucose (16.3 +/- 2.3 mg/min) transferred from the fetus to the mother. This feto-maternal transfer of glucose accounted for 11% of the maternal glucose turnover and approximately 50% of the total glucose coming to the fetus from the mother. This study provides the first in vivo simultaneous quantification of the bidirectional glucose transfer across the placenta.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Studies in load carrying in BK amputees with a PTB prosthesis system.

This study was undertaken to assess the effects of certain common modes of load carrying by hand in the BK amputee-PTB prosthesis system. The energy costs of a test group consisting of BK amputees using PTB prostheses were compared to those of a control group made up of normal able-bodied individuals and the difference between the two groups was observed to be more marked when walking was performed on the level with load in one hand only in comparison with the both-hand carrying conditions. Single handed load carrying by either hand did not seem to make any observable difference. Stair ascending with equal load in both hands did not produce any appreciable difference between the two groups. Indications were obtained that the BK amputee with a PTB prosthesis system is capable of performing industrial tasks of "moderate" grade.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Performance evaluation of BK amputees through graded load carrying tests.

The ergonomic approach to performance evaluation in orthopaedic rehabilitation presents problems because of the cumbersome and time-consuming measurement and test procedures involved. This paper describes a method of performance evaluation through graded load carrying tests which makes it possible to set up regression equations which can be used in routine clinical practice for prediction of the performance of below-knee amputees.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Gait study in evaluation of results in intramedullary nailing for femoral shaft fractures.

The present preliminary investigation conducted on six adult males whose femur shaft fractures had been fixed internally by means of Hansen-Street intermedullary nails indicated that our gait study technic helps confirm the clinical findings in such cases. Five patients, although their fractures had united and they had resumed their usual activities, were not deemed quite normal as yet and the causes for their gait abnormality were identified in the clinical examination. The gait study technic thus provided fairly accurate quantitative support of the clinical findings.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1977

Possible source and control of trauma-induced glucagonemia in dogs.

Plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, and glucagon were studied in 10 adult mongrel dogs given (intravenous administration) a large dose of glucose (1g/kg of body weight) both before and after partial (50%) pancreatectomy. A proportional decrease in plasma immunoreactive insulin was observed in partial pancreatectomized dogs. Peak insulin response decreased from presurgery concentrations of 71 +/- 14 muU/ml (mean +/- standard error of the mean) in the dogs before surgical operation (presurgical value) to 52 +/- 6 muU/ml 1 or 4 days after surgical operation. Partial pancreatectomized dogs also showed a reduced plasma glucose removal rate. Fasting plasma concentrations of glucagon, on the other hand, increased by about 80%, from 253 +/- 25 pg/ml to 460 +/- 43 pg/ml 24 hours after operation. Despite an increased glucagon concentration in the dogs after partial pancreatectomy, plasma concentrations of glucagon responded (decreased) to large gulcose dosage administration. Plasma glucagon concentration returned to presurgical value by the 4th postsurgical day.

Animals↗