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Biomedical subjects

S Furuta

Publications and source records attributed to S Furuta.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Eosinophilia in myelodysplastic syndrome with a (12;21)(q23;q22) translocation.

Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow (BM) cells from a patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) associated with eosinophilia showed a 45,XY,t(12;21)(q23;q22), -17 karyotype. We performed clonal and suspension cultures using the patient's BM mononuclear cells to clarify the mechanism of eosinophilia. Eosinophil colonies formed in the presence of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), but not in the presence of IL-3. When BM cells were cultured in suspension in the presence of IL-5, they differentiated to mature eosinophils, and chromosome analysis identified the 45,XY,t(12;21)(q23;q22), -17 karyotype in all metaphases. The patient's serum did not stimulate eosinophil proliferation or differentiation in comparison with normal serum, however, these data suggest that the abnormal clone with 45,XY,t(12;21)(q23;q22), -17 karyotype may have an increased responsiveness to IL-5 and GM-CSF, resulting in eosinophilia.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Detection of hepatitis C virus markers and hepatitis C virus genomic-RNA after needlestick accidents.

BACKGROUND: Needlestick accidents are a problem among health care workers. Using sensitive new assays, we evaluated the prevalence and features of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection following a needlestick accident. METHOD: The clinical outcome and evolution of serum HCV markers were assessed in 90 hospital employees (recipients) who sustained needlestick injuries (selected from 146 episodes) involving 92 patients with clinical non-A, non-B hepatitis (donors). RESULTS: Of the 92 patient donors, 62 (67%) and 88 (96%) were anti-C100-3 and second-generation anti-HCV positive, respectively, at the time of the needlestick accident. During the follow-up period (> or = 6 months), acute non-A, non-B hepatitis developed in three of 90 recipients about 1 month after the accident. The three respective donors were positive for serum HCV-RNA at the time of the accident. Two of the three recipients became HCV-RNA positive just after the onset of hepatitis, and subsequently, HCV antibodies developed. None of the remaining 87 recipients had any clinical or laboratory evidence of hepatitis during follow-up, or experienced seroconversion for anti-C100-3 or second-generation anti-HCV. We measured additional HCV markers in 20 of the 89 donors; 16 had evidence of HCV infection (HCV-RNA). However, none of the respective recipients of any of these 20 became positive for HCV markers during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Although transmission of HCV infection by needlestick injury may be infrequent, such transmission does occur. Appropriate precautions should be taken to protect health care workers.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1993

Dietary vitamin A modulates lecithin-retinol acyltransferase activity in developing chick intestine.

Retinol absorbed and generated from beta-carotene requires to be esterified by lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) in intestinal absorptive cells. To characterize developmental changes in retinol absorptive capability in intestine, we determined LRAT activity and the amount of its retinol donor, cellular retinol-binding protein, type two (CRBP(II)) in the duodenum of developing chicks. The LRAT activity in duodenal microsomes was very low at 18- and 20-day chick embryo, but exhibited a rapid (15-fold) increase during 48 h around hatching, which occurred in parallel with the abrupt elevation of the content of CRBP(II) in chick duodenum. To examine whether dietary vitamin A affects the developmental change in LRAT activity and CRBP(II) content, 1-day-old chicks were pair-fed vitamin A-depleted or vitamin A-supplemented diet for 14 days. The chicks fed vitamin A-depleted diet showed significantly reduced LRAT activity and CRBP(II) in duodenum as early as 3 days after the start of the vitamin A-depleted diet. Changing the diet from vitamin A-depleted to vitamin A-supplemented diet led to an increase in duodenal LRAT activity within 24 h, while serum retinol concentration remained unchanged. These results suggest that duodenal LRAT activity and CRBP(II) are modulated by dietary vitamin A during the perinatal period.

Acyltransferases↗
PubMed1993

The role of early Ca2+ influx in the pathogenesis of delayed neuronal death after brief forebrain ischemia in gerbils.

To examine the role of calcium influx in the early phase after brief forebrain ischemia and subsequent delayed neuronal cell death in the hippocampus, 45Ca autoradiography and electron microscopic cytochemistry, by a combined oxalate-pyroantimonate method, were carried out in gerbil brains after 5 min bilateral common carotid arterial occlusion. Further, neuronal damage during the ischemic and postischemic periods was determined by conventional or immunohistochemical staining for microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) with and without calcium-entry blockers. 45Ca autoradiography showed a high peak of calcium in the hippocampus at 5 min of recirculation. Electron cytochemical microscopy also demonstrated accumulation of intracellular calcium pyroantimonate deposits in the neuronal cells in all regions. At 30 min of reperfusion, amounts of calcium in the hippocampus returned to the control levels, and intracellular dense calcium pyroantimonate deposits were reduced in these areas. Loss of the reaction for MAP2 was noted in the medial CA1 of the hippocampus immediately after 5 min ischemia and at 5 and 30 min after reperfusion. MK-801 (10 mg kg-1), an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, injected intraperitoneally 1 h before ischemia, suppressed the early increase of calcium in the forebrain and neuronal cell necrosis in the CA1. However, neither injection of MK-801 30 min after reperfusion nor preischemic treatment with 0.5 mg kg-1 Nimodipine or 1 mg kg-1 Nicardipine, voltage-sensitive calcium channel antagonists, prevented neuronal death. In immunohistochemical staining for MAP2, the ischemic lesion in the medial CA1 maintained after 5 min ischemia and the subsequent early reperfusion period in the untreated brains was protected by the preischemic injection of 10 mg kg-1 MK-801, but was not restored by the injection of 0.5 mg kg-1 Nimodipine or 1 mg kg-1 Nicardipine. In conclusion, it is suggested that an early excess of calcium influx could be caused mainly by excitatory amino acid overload through NMDA receptor-mediated calcium channels during the ischemic and early postischemic periods.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease in an immunocompetent patient following accidental injury.

We report a case of transfusion-associated graft-vs.-host disease (TA-GVHD) in a previously healthy, 58 year old Japanese man following an accidental injury. Despite intensive treatment, the patient died 22 days after the transfusion. Although many cases of fatal TA-GVHD have been reported in immunocompetent patients, only two are known to have developed this disorder unrelated to a surgical procedure. This is the first such case to be confirmed by HLA typing. Our report suggests that TA-GVHD can occur even in a healthy, immunocompetent recipient. Thus, it seems necessary to establish guidelines for the irradiation of cellular blood products before transfusion.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1993

Cell-mediated immune-pancytopenia complicating primary Sjögren's syndrome.

A 64-year-old woman with mild bilateral parotid gland swelling and bilateral lower extremity purpura was admitted for evaluation of xerostomia and pancytopenia. The patient had an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, pancytopenia, and positive tests for antibodies to nuclear antigen, SS-A, and SS-B. Impaired cell-mediated immunity was also present. Bone marrow aspiration showed a hypoplastic marrow with an increased percentage of lymphocytes. A positive Schirmer's test and keratoconjunctivitis were also noted. A diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome was made by sialography and histological salivary gland findings. Therapy with prednisolone improved the pancytopenia. Addition of the patient's peripheral blood mononuclear cells to cultures of bone marrow mononuclear cells derived from a healthy volunteer dose dependently inhibited colony formation, including mixed hemopoietic colonies. On the other hand, addition of the patient's serum failed to inhibit colony formation by normal bone marrow mononuclear cells. These results suggested that one of the causes of pancytopenia in primary Sjögren's syndrome might be mediated by the inhibition of mononuclear cells to the hemopoietic progenitors.

Blood Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

Clinical significance of antibodies to nonstructural and core proteins of hepatitis C virus in posttransfusion hepatitis patients during long-term follow-up.

To clarify the long-term clinical significance, antibody to hepatitis C virus (HCV) was examined using core (p22) and nonstructural (C100-3) protein assays in sera of 18 patients with non-A,non-B posttransfusion hepatitis (PTH-NANB) who were selected retrospectively. Each patient had been followed for more than 5 years after the development of the disease. They were divided into three groups according to clinical outcome: acute hepatitis that resolved within 1 year, group 1 (n = 3); chronic hepatitis that resolved within 1-4 years, group 2 (n = 4); and chronic hepatitis that persisted for 5 years or longer, group 3 (n = 11). Sixteen of the 18 were positive for anti-C100-3 and anti-p22, one was positive for anti-p22 alone, and one was negative for both. In ten of the 16 (62.5%), anti-p22 appeared before anti-C100-3. The anti-C100-3 titer peaked about 12 months after disease onset in all cases and thereafter declined gradually, finally becoming negative in groups 1 and 2, while the titer fluctuated in group 3. The mean titer in group 3 at 12 months (69.2 units) significantly exceeded that of groups 1 (4 units) and 2 (8.2 units). Group 1 was seronegative for HCV antibodies and HCV RNA at the last examination, suggesting the cessation of HCV replication. Group 3 remained positive for those markers, indicating the continued replication of HCV.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacokinetics of temocapril, an ACE inhibitor with preferential biliary excretion, in patients with impaired liver function.

Six subjects with normal liver function (Group 1) and 7 patients with liver dysfunction (Group 2; mean ICGR15 value 30.5 (5.2)%; range 16 to 56) received a single oral dose of 1 mg temocapril, a prodrug-type ACE inhibitor, with preferentially excreted by the biliary route. The plasma temocapril concentrations in Group 2 at 30 min and 1 h postdose were significantly higher than in Group 1, but the difference had disappeared 2 h postdosing. Although the half life of temocapril diacid in Group 2 was significantly longer than in Group 1, there was no significant difference between the two groups in AUC, Cmax or tmax. In Group 2, urinary recovery of temocapril was significantly increased, suggesting a possible delay in the bioactivation of temocapril into the diacid, but recovery of the diacid itself was not abnormal. ACE inhibitory action in Group 2 remained unchanged. Temocapril is regarded as an ACE inhibitor the disposition and efficacy of which are little affected in patients with impaired liver function.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Recovery of protein synthesis in tolerance-induced hippocampal CA1 neurons after transient forebrain ischemia.

Protein synthesis at various recirculation times after 5-min transient forebrain ischemia was evaluated in gerbil hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons that had acquired tolerance to delayed-type ischemic injury. Evaluation was performed by observing polyribosomes under electron microscopy, and by [14C]leucine autoradiography. Hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in the gerbils acquired stable and reproducible tolerance to delayed-type ischemic injury subsequent to a 5-min ischemia by pretreatment that consisted of loading two 2-min ischemic periods at a 1-day interval, followed by 48 h of recirculation. During the early phase following the 5-min ischemia, polyribosomal disaggregation, loss of dendritic microtubules, and significant suppression of radiolabeled leucine incorporation were observed in the tolerance-induced CA1 neurons as well as in the non-tolerance-induced neurons. While these findings persisted in the non-tolerance-induced neurons throughout the duration of the experiment, most of the tolerance-induced neurons demonstrated reaggregation of cytosomal ribosomes, increase in the number of dendritic microtubules, and restoration of impaired amino acid incorporation 24 h after the ischemia. These findings suggest that recovery of protein synthesis during the early post ischemic phase is essential for CA1 neuron survival after ischemic injury.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1993

Stiffening of connective tissue in elderly diabetic patients: relevance to diabetic nephropathy and oxidative stress.

Limited joint mobility seen in diabetes mellitus is thought to be the result of stiffening of periarticular connective tissue, which is presumably derived from increased cross-linking of collagen related to advanced glycation end products. In this study the extent of the stiffening of connective tissue was measured by the passive extension angle of the metacarpophalangeal joints in 205 elderly diabetic patients. Association with diabetic nephropathy, with which advanced glycation end products have recently been demonstrated to increase, and metabolic abnormalities were also considered. The angle of the metacarpophalangeal joints was significantly correlated with age (r = -0.24, p < 0.01), and was significantly smaller in men than in women (p < 0.01). The angle demonstrated a decrease in association with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, and only the association with nephropathy was significant (p < 0.05). The angle was weakly, but significantly, correlated with serum thiobarbituric acid reactants as a measure of lipid peroxides (r = -0.15, p < 0.05), triglyceride (r = -0.20, p < 0.01) and HDL cholesterol (r = 0.19, p < 0.01), but not with blood glucose (r = 0.02), HbA1c (r = 0.06) or duration of diabetes (r = -0.05). In addition, the angle in 14 non-diabetic patients on haemodialysis was significantly (p < 0.05) smaller than that in age- and sex-matched normal subjects. Thus, it was indicated that the stiffening of connective tissue was associated with diabetic nephropathy, serum lipid peroxide and dyslipidaemia. Stiffening of connective tissue seems to be more affected by oxidative stress than non-enzymatic glycation per se.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Albuminuria↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of the clinical and immunogenetic features between patients with autoimmune hepatitis and patients with type C chronic active hepatitis.

We clarified the clinical and immunogenetical differences between patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AI-CAH), and patients with type C chronic active hepatitis (C-CAH) and type B chronic active hepatitis (B-CAH) who were positive for autoantibodies and hyperglobulinemia. While histories of blood transfusion, intravenous drug abuse and tattoo were seen frequently in patients with type C-CAH, they were rare in patients with AI-CAH. The severe subjective symptoms including anorexia, lethargy, icterus, high fever and extrahepatic manifestations, and severe abnormality of biochemical data were seen in AI-CAH predominantly. Ongoing or past infection of HCV was seen in only 14% of patients with AI-CAH. HLA-DR4 was the most frequently associated with AI-CAH (89%) and 6 DR4-negative patients were positive for DR2. HLA-DNA typing showed that there was no significant difference in the frequency of DR4-associated Dw-alleles between the patients and controls who were positive for DR4. These findings suggest that the basic amino acid at position 13, which is present only on the DR2 and DR4 B1 molecules (Arg on DR2 and His on DR4), may contribute to the susceptibility to autoimmune hepatitis of Japanese. Thus, we conclude that AI-CAH is a genetically restricted, disease, and different from C-CAH which is a viral infectious disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of seroepidemiology of hepatitis C in blood donors between Bangladesh and Japan.

To compare the seroepidemiology of hepatitis C and hepatitis B between Bangladesh and Japan, we tested the second generation antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV-2) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum samples from 163 professional blood donors (161 males and 2 females, mean age 28.6 yr.) and 83 voluntary blood donors from Bangladesh, and 7479 Japanese voluntary blood donors (5036 males and 2443 females; mean age 37.1 yr.). In Bangladesh, anti-HCV-2 is detected in 2.4% of professional blood donors and 0% of voluntary blood donors, furthermore, HBsAg is detected in 29% and in 2.4% of professional and voluntary blood donors, respectively. In Japan, anti-HCV-2 is detected in 0.6% in voluntary blood donors, and HBsAg also in 0.6%. These results indicate that professional blood donors in Bangladesh are highly contaminated by hepatitis B virus and moderately by hepatitis C virus, while voluntary blood donors in both countries are not so highly contaminated by either hepatitis viruses.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Chondrosarcoma of the hyoid bone.

Chondrosarcoma of the head and neck is relatively rare. We report the sixth case known to us in which the chondrosarcoma had originated in the hyoid bone. The patient, a 66-year-old man, underwent surgery. The resected tumour was a 5 cm encapsulated lesion composed of lobulated, firm, gray-white tissue. Histologically it showed mature chondrocytes without capsular invasion. There was high cellularity and a few binucleated chondrocytes. Although the tumour grade was prognostic significance, our literature review of the five other cases suggests that the location of the primary lesion and the adequacy of its resection to be more important. Our patient continues to do well 15 months post-operatively. However, long-term follow-up is essential as recurrences have been reported even after eight or 10 years.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of acute monoblastic leukaemia by combination of recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor and low dose of ara-C.

We present a patient with acute monoblastic leukaemia (AMoL) who achieved a complete remission on combination therapy with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and low dose of cytosine arabinoside (ara-C). This 26-year-old man was admitted with a relapse of AMoL which proved refractory to several chemotherapeutic regimens. To kill dormant leukaemic cells, we administered 20 mg/m2 ara-C by continuous intravenous infusion and 800 x 10(4) unit M-CSF by 30 min drip intravenous infusion together for 14 d. The blasts disappeared, followed by a recovery of normal blood cells. The patient continued the complete remission for 5 months. This observation suggests that a combination M-CSF and a low dose of ara-C may be useful in treating some patients with AMoL.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Aplastic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with antibody to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa following resection of malignant thymoma.

A case of a 64-year-old Japanese woman who developed aplastic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura with antibody to platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa 4 years following a resection of malignant thymoma is reported. Bone marrow was hypocellular and ferrokinetics revealed the prolongation of the half-time of plasma iron disappearance and a decrease in red cell utilization, findings compatible with a diagnosis of aplastic anemia. The life span of platelets was markedly decreased to 3.07 h, and the test for antiplatelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antibody was positive. The patient's serum had a suppressive effect on the formation of colonies of burst-forming unit-erythroid and colony-forming unit-granulocyte using normal bone marrow cells. These results suggest that the aplastic anemia in this patient may have been induced by some suppressive activity in the serum. Splenectomy followed by an administration of cyclosporine effectively restored the peripheral blood count.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacokinetics of temocapril and enalapril in patients with various degrees of renal insufficiency.

Temocapril is a novel ACE inhibitor that is cleared via dual excretion routes in humans. Borderline or mildly hypertensive patients with normal renal function [group 1, creatinine clearance (CLCR) > 70 ml/min (4.2 L/h), n = 12], moderate renal impairment [group 2, CLCR 30 to 70 ml/min (1.8 to 4.2 L/h), n = 12] or severe renal impairment [group 3, CLCR < 30 ml/min (1.8 L/h), n = 12] received a single oral dose of either temocapril 1 mg (n = 6, each group) or enalapril 5mg (n = 6, each group). These 2 drugs gave similar values for the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of the active diacids. The maximum plasma concentration of enalapril diacid was increased 2- and 6-fold in moderate and severe renal impairment, respectively, whereas that of temocapril diacid was not altered. The AUC of enalapril diacid increased 13-fold at CLCR values < 30 ml/min, but that of temocapril diacid increased only 2-fold. The duration of plasma ACE inhibition due to enalapril was greatly prolonged by the impairment of renal function, whereas that due to temocapril was affected very little. Urinary recovery of temocapril diacid was decreased markedly in patients with severe renal dysfunction, most probably because the diacid was excreted through the biliary route. On the other hand, urinary recovery of enalapril diacid remained fairly high even in patients with severe renal impairment, because of extremely high plasma diacid concentrations resulting from the lack of biliary excretion. These observations suggest that temocapril is beneficial in the treatment of hypertension in patients with severely impaired renal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lung.

We report a case of primary T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lung. A definite diagnosis was made histologically at open lung biopsy. Atypical cells in the biopsy specimen reacted with monoclonal T-cell markers. Transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were useful in the diagnosis. Primary T-cell lymphoma of the lung is rare and is reviewed in this report.

Adult↗