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Biomedical subjects

S Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujimoto.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Bronchoalveolar lavage during third-trimester pregnancy in patients with status asthmaticus: a case report.

Bronchial asthma is not uncommon among pregnant women. Especially, uncontrollable status asthmaticus may endanger both the lives of mother and fetus. We present a case of a late-phase pregnant woman in whom life-threatening status asthmaticus was relieved by repeated bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) under controlled ventilation, followed by successful spontaneous vaginal delivery. This case may indicate that BAL should be considered as an option in status asthmaticus complicating pregnancy before terminating the pregnancy to save the lives of mother and fetus.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Enhanced antitumor activity of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine against Lewis lung carcinoma in aged hybrid (C57BL/6 x DBA/2) F1 mice.

The antitumor activity of 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) against Lewis lung carcinoma was examined by implanting the tumor subcutaneously into young (8-11 weeks) and old (24-41 weeks) hybrid (C57BL/6 x DBA/2)F1 (BDF1) male mice. Oral administration of 5'-DFUR induced a small (7 of 100) but significant (p less than 0.05) number of 70-d survivors in young mice. However, the antitumor activity was further enhanced in the old mice, and 15 of 46 (32.6%) and 11 of 62 (17.7%) mice survived for 70-d by treatment with 2000 and 1000 mg 5'-DFUR/kg/d, respectively, given on days 1, 5, and 9. The reason for the higher cure rate in old mice was partly analyzed. Toxicity of 5'-DFUR in young and old mice did not differ significantly, regardless of the presence (except 2000 mg/kg) or absence of Lewis lung carcinoma. No survivors were observed after treatment with 5'-DFUR when the tumors were implanted into the aged (15-38 weeks) syngeneic hosts, C57BL/6 mice. On the other hand, the survival time of BDF1 mice implanted with a constant number of the tumor cells increased significantly with the increase in host age and reached a maximum at the age of 24 weeks. These findings suggest that an optimal activation of 5'-DFUR (to 5-FU) was carried out in the old BDF1 mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma and/or that a host-mediated antitumor mechanism of BDF1 mice, which is reinforced with aging, might participate in the enhancement of the antitumor activity of 5'-DFUR against this tumor.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

A comparison of a new nitrosourea derivative, 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-isobutyl-3-(beta-maltosyl)-1-nitrosourea with various antitumor agents with respect to therapeutic ratios in L1210 leukemia systems.

In order to further evaluate the antitumor activity of 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-isobutyl-3-(beta-maltosyl)-1-nitrosourea (TA-077), the therapeutic ratios (a ratio of the optimal dose versus the dose showing 25% increase in life span) of TA-077 were examined using two L1210 leukemia systems and the results were compared with those of twenty-six antitumor agents for reference. In the i.p.-i.p. system, in which the tumor cells were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) and the drugs were also administered i.p., TA-077 administered daily for five consecutive days showed a therapeutic ratio of 40.6, which was the third highest of all drugs tested. However, in the i.v.-i.v. system, in which the tumor cells were inoculated intravenously (i.v.) and the drugs were also administered i.v., TA-077 given on the same schedule showed a ratio of 13.7, which was the highest of all the drugs examined. The results of the present study also indicated that L1210 leukemia cells were highly sensitive to nitrosourea derivatives. Therefore, this should be taken into consideration for screening of candidates for new antitumor agents.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Prediction of PaO2 during treadmill walking in patients with COPD.

We studied the possibility of predicting PaO2 during exercise of a given oxygen uptake (VO2) from resting pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The three-minute incremental treadmill exercise was performed with serial measurements of PaO2 via intra-arterial catheter in 46 patients (mean FEV1 = 1.09 +/- 0.49L, mean FEV1/FVC = 44 +/- 15 percent). In most of the patients, the changes of PaO2 were quite linear in relation to the oxygen uptake, so a slope (PaO2/VO2) could be obtained from the regression equation in each patient. The mean value of the slope (SL) was -23.0 +/- 16.6 mm Hg/L VO2/min. Correlation between SL and all parameters of resting PFTs were computed. Because of the high correlation coefficient between SL and %DCO (SL = -59.3 + 0.501 X %DCO, r = 0.851, p less than 0.001), it was possible to predict PaO2 at a given VO2 using the following equation: PaO2 predicted = PaO2 rest + SL X (VO2 -0.25), where SL was derived from measured %DCO and resting VO2 was assumed 0.25 L/min. There was a high correlation between the predicted PaO2 at VO2 of 1.0 L/min and the estimated PaO2 obtained from individual PaO2 regression with an r value = 0.898 and SEE = +/- 5.8 mm Hg. A prospective study in 12 patients with COPD was then carried out. There was a high correlation (r = 0.857) between the predicted PaO2 obtained from the present equation and the estimated PaO2 at VO2 = 1.0 L/min. It was concluded that PaO2 during treadmill walking with a given oxygen uptake is predictable from a resting PaO2 and a diffusing capacity. This predicted value may be useful in the management of patients with COPD.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Submitochondrial localization of rat liver beta-alanine-oxoglutarate aminotransferase.

beta-Alanine-oxoglutarate aminotransferase from rat liver was mainly distributed in the mitochondrial fraction, while beta-ureidopropionase, the last one of uracil-metabolizing enzymes to beta-alanine, was predominantly distributed in the cytosolic fraction. When rat liver mitochondria were separated into submitochondrial fractions, beta-alanine-oxoglutarate aminotransferase was localized in the mitochondrial matrix. beta-Alanine was transported into mitochondria with time and the influx of beta-alanine into the matrix was 0.47 nmol/mg of mitochondrial protein at 2 min after incubation.

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

The role of L3T4-positive T lymphocytes in the generation of anti-tumor immunity in the mouse.

The role of L3T4-positive lymphocytes in the generation of anti-tumor immunity against syngeneic murine plasmacytoma was investigated. The induction of in vitro primary and secondary cytotoxic T lymphocytes against MOPC-104E plasmacytoma of BALB/c origin was completely inhibited by the addition of monoclonal anti-L3T4 antibody (GK1.5) during the culture period. The possible participation of L3T4-positive lymphocytes in the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes was confirmed by the pretreatment of non-immune or immune splenocytes with GK 1.5 plus complement followed by in vitro stimulation with the tumor. The treatment abrogated the ability to generate killer T cell activity. Because the effector killer T lymphocytes were not affected by GK1.5 plus complement treatment, the results strongly suggest that the L3T4-positive lymphocytes might be acting as helper cells for the generation of killer T lymphocytes. The in vivo effect of GK1.5 on anti-tumor immunity was then investigated. Tumor cell growth in mice which received GK1.5 injections was significantly accelerated and the mean survival time of the mice was shorter than that in control groups. On the other hand, mice with established anti-tumor immunity produced by hyperimmunization of tumor cells were affected differently from non-immune mice, showing 50% tumor incidence on day 30 after viable tumor challenge. The present study supports the contention that the L3T4-positive T lymphocytes, probably helper T cells, play a crucial role in the establishment of anti-tumor immunity.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Antitumor effects of polyamine antimetabolites with polyamine-free diet].

To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of polyamine antimetabolites such as methylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (MGBG), ethylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (EGBG), and alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), the combined therapies of polyamine antimetabolites with a polyamine-free diet were studied. The combination of EGBG plus DFMO or MGBG plus DFMO showed a marked suppression of tumor growth with a polyamine-free diet; and, when compared, EGBG was slightly superior to MGBG. The inhibition of DNA biosynthesis was also parallel to the above-mentioned results. Furthermore, from an analysis for polyamine levels in tumor tissues, it was confirmed that the polyamine depletion can be maintained by polyamine antimetabolites in combination with a polyamine-free diet in vivo. Moreover, as EGBG has lesser side effects than MGBG, EGBG might be more suitable for clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Antitumor efficacy of polyamine antimetabolites and mitomycin C under polyamine-free diet].

Treatment of nude mice xenografted with human gastric cancer was carried out by polyamine antimetabolites combined with mitomycin C (MMC) and polyamine-free diet. Polyamine antimetabolites, alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and ethylglyoxal-bis-guanylhydrazone (EGBG), were given ip in a daily dose of 1,000 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 consecutive days. MMC 2.0 mg/kg was administered every other day. The polyamine-free diet was given from 4 days before start of the treatment through the end of the study. Although the tumor growth rate of the control group given polyamine-free diet was similar to that given normal diet, in the mice treated with EGBG, DFMO plus MMC, the antitumor effect in the polyamine-free diet group was superior to the normal diet group. In comparison with tumor growth suppression due to EGBG plus DFMO or MMC only, the polyamine-free diet group showed better result than the normal diet group to some extent. In mice treated with EGBG, DFMO plus MMC, tumor tissue spermine levels in the polyamine-free diet group were significantly depressed, compared to the normal diet group. Furthermore, marked suppression of DNA biosynthesis was observed in mice given EGBG, DFMO plus MMC together with the polyamine-free diet. These results suggest that combined treatments of polyamine antimetabolites and MMC revealed a marked enhancement of antitumor effects, under conditions of polyamine depletion, which may be responsible for the alteration in DNA structure.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Two cases of intracranial fibromuscular dysplasia whose repeated angiography disclosed progression of the lesion].

Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) is well known owing to the characteristic angiographical finding of a "string of beads" appearance, but intracranial involvement with this disease is extremely rare. Moreover, to our knowledge, only seven cases that had repeated angiograms disclosed progression of FMD lesion in the literature. Such cases of intracranial FMD which showed progression in the follow-up angiography are reported. Case 1: A 8-year-old boy was referred to our hospital because of aphasia and right hemiplegia following right hemiconvulsion. Left carotid angiography on the 7th day from the onset revealed a "string of beads" appearance involving the left middle cerebral artery from M1 to M2 portion. He was treated with low molecular dextran, urokinase and steroid. After these drugs were administered, his speech was normalized. A repeat left angiogram performed two months later disclosed definite increase in the degree of stenosis associated with FMD. Perivascular sympathectomy around common and internal carotid artery and superior cervical ganglionectomy on the left side carried out on the 70th day from the onset. Postoperative left carotid angiogram showed improvement of the stenosis markedly, and the motor disturbance was improved gradually. Case 2: A 34-year-old woman presented with head dullness and disorientation suddenly. Left carotid angiogram on the third day from the onset showed a "string of beads" appearance from C1 to M1 portion. Follow-up angiography three days later revealed some progression of the stenosis. Furthermore a repeat left angiogram disclosed occlusion of left internal carotid artery at the C2 portion. Left STA-MCA bypass surgery was performed on the 61st day from the onset.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Studies on the relationships between blood trace metal concentrations and the clinical status of patients with cerebrovascular disease, gastric cancer and diabetes mellitus].

This study was carried out to determine the relationships between blood trace metal concentrations and the clinical status of patients with cerebrovascular disease, gastric cancer and diabetes mellitus. The concentrations of blood trace metals were determined by flameless atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The concentrations were compared to clinical parameters such as blood biochemical parameters, CBC, etc. The contribution of blood trace elements to these three diseases and the possibilities for prophylaxis of these three diseases are discussed. The results obtained were as follow: 1. Patients with cerebrovascular disease showed generally lower concentrations than normal subjects, while the gender difference of the blood metal concentrations showed a pattern similar to that of normal subjects. In some combination, significant correlations were observed between blood metal concentrations and clinical biochemical parameters. 2. As the stage of gastric cancer advanced, blood copper concentrations increased. In all gastric cancer patients the blood copper concentration had a positive correlation with platelet counts, CEA and LDH, and a negative correlation with hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit value and catalase. Plasma copper concentrations had a significant positive correlation with catalase. Corpuscular zinc concentrations had a significant positive correlation with platelet counts, CEA, ALP and LDH, and a significant negative correlation with hemoglobin concentration and GSH-Px. Corpuscular manganese concentrations had a significant positive correlation with CEA and LDH. 3. The blood copper concentration of patients with diabetes mellitus showed a distribution pattern similar to that of healthy subjects. Therefore, copper is not considered to be an important factor in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic patients treated by insulin injection showed increased blood zinc concentrations. Chromium, which is contained in GTF (glucose tolerance factor), showed lower blood concentrations in patients with severe complications, such as retinopathy or nephropathy. Therefore, it appears that chromium plays an important role in advancing diabetes mellitus.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Studies on the pathogenesis of murine experimental autoimmune active hepatitis: sensitized T cell involvement in its induction.

Experimental autoimmune hepatitis was induced in B10.A(5R) mice sensitized by repeated intramuscular injections of syngeneic liver antigens emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant. A 300R X-irradiation followed by two more injections after the sixth intramuscular sensitization to the mice resulted in active hepatitis with severe piecemeal necrosis. An intravenous adoptive transfer of spleen cells from the sensitized mice into normal syngeneic mice caused hepatitis in recipients which was characterized by extensive focal hepatic cell necrosis in the lobules. The transfer of spleen cells treated with monoclonal anti-Thy-1.2 antibody plus complement failed to induce hepatitis, while the transfer of T cell-enriched spleen cells by the panning method using rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin-coated dishes caused a somewhat more severe hepatitis than that caused by the transfer of whole spleen cells of the sensitized mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of ovarian wedge resection (WR) and spironolactone administration on pulsatile LH release and serum steroid hormone levels in women with polycystic ovarian disease].

The exact mechanism(s) by which WR induces ovulation in women with PCOD is still uncertain. The aim of this study is to observe the change in sex steroids and pulsatile LH release (pul-LH-R) after WR. Before and either 7-8 days after the surgery (n = 8) or after 30 days of spironolactone treatment (n = 4), serum LH levels were measured every 15 min for 2-4 hours in PCOD women. Sex steroids were radioimmunoassayed before, and 3-4 and 7-8 days after WR. Testosterone (T) and androstenedione (A) in 7 women in whom spontaneous ovulation occurred after WR decreased significantly either 3-4 or 7-8 days after the surgery (p less than 0.001). Estrone decreased significantly (p less than 0.001) 7-8 days after the operation. The mean level of LH after WR in the 7 women decreased significantly (p less than 0.001). Furthermore, significant decreases both in the mean values of LH pulse amplitude (p less than 0.001) and frequency (p less than 0.01) were observed after WR. Ovulation occurred after 45 and 58 days of spironolactone administration in 2 PCOD women who showed changes in pul-LH-R and a drop in serum testosterone levels after 30 days of treatment. The data suggested that changes in pul-LH-R and decreased sex steroids after WR seemed to play key roles in the mechanism(s) by which WR induces ovulation.

Adult↗