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Biomedical subjects

S Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to S Fujii.

At least 721 records · Page 40Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Acetazolamide-induced changes of the membrane potentials of the retinal pigment epithelial cell.

Acetazolamide-induced changes of the apical (Vap) and basal (Vba) membrane potentials of the retinal pigment epithelial cell were studied in an in-vitro retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid of the frog. Both Vap and Vba were hyperpolarized by acetazolamide placed on either the apical or basal side of the RPE. In all cases, acetazolamide on the apical side hyperpolarized Vba more than Vap and decreased the transepithelial potential (TEP) across the RPE. In most cases, acetazolamide on the basal side hyperpolarized both Vap and Vba to almost equal degrees and hardly changed the TEP. We conclude that the Diamox response (a decrease of the ocular standing potential induced by an intravenous sodium acetazolamide) may be triggered by effects of acetazolamide on the apical side of the RPE and generated mainly by a hyperpolarization of the basal membrane of the RPE cell.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1986

Sequence-specific alkali-labile lesions in DNA caused by D-isoglucosamine.

The site-specific induction of DNA damage by 1-amino-1-deoxy-D-fructose (D-isoglucosamine) was investigated. When 32P-end-labeled DNA restriction fragments of known sequence were reacted with D-isoglucosamine in the presence of Cu2+, and the DNA products were analyzed on high-resolution denaturing polyacrylamide gels after treatment with aqueous piperidine (1 M) at 90 degrees C for 30 min, the DNA strands were cleaved at pyrimidine residues at a statistically significant frequency, and 80.5% of the extensively damaged sites were induced at pyrimidine residues in dinucleotide sequences of pyrimidine-purine (5'----3'). These cleavages were scarcely observed without piperidine/heat treatment. The damaged DNA sites increased in proportion to the reaction time and concentration of D-isoglucosamine. Metal-chelating agents (EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) and some oxygen radical scavengers inhibited the induction of alkali-labile lesions. These results indicate that some oxygen radicals are involved in the induction of alkali-labile lesions.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Isolated rheumatic tricuspid regurgitation and stenosis.

The case of a 73-year-old man with right heart failure and systolic and diastolic murmur at the fourth left intercostal space is described. There was a history of rheumatic fever. Two-dimensional echocardiography showed rheumatic change of the tricuspid valve with giant right atrium and ventricle, which was confirmed during operation. This is an unusual case of isolated tricuspid regurgitation and stenosis with convincing evidence of rheumatic etiology.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

New synthetic substrate for kallikrein and its application.

We developed a new synthetic substrate, Pro-Phe-Arg-alpha-naphthyl ester, for kallikrein. We found that this substrate had higher specificity and sensitivity for kallikrein and was applied for the preparation of zymogram and for the histochemical demonstration. With Pro-Phe-Arg-alpha-NE as substrate, the minimum detectable concentration of human urinary kallikrein was about 0.001 KU and then kallikrein could be determined with 25 microliter of human urine. We also found the possibility that occurring of abnormalities during pregnancy were predicted by the determination of urinary kallikrein of pregnants. Zymograms were prepared for various kinds of kallikrein using this substrate. The localization of kallikrein-like enzyme in rat kidneys was defined by the application this substrate for histochemistry. Moreover, cytochemical demonstrations of leucocytes in human blood were done using Ts-Lys-alpha-NE and Ac-Tyr-alpha-NE.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the retroperitoneum: a light and electron microscopic study.

A large, ovarian-type, retroperitoneal cystic tumor existing in the presence of normal ovaries was studied morphologically by light and electron microscopy. The cyst was monolocular, having several papillary nodules which measured 0.2-2.0 cm in diameter, and protruded into the lumen. Histologically, most of the tumor wall was covered by mesothelium-like cells which showed signs of differentiation into either a benign endocervical type mucinous epithelium or a mucinous epithelium of borderline malignancy, particularly around the nodules. The papillary nodules themselves had the histological features of a well-differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma. These light and electron microscopic features resembled those of ovarian mucinous tumors. Histogenetically, the tumor appeared to be derived from a mesothelial inclusion cyst; some of the mesothelium being transformed by metaplastic change into the endocervical type mucinous epithelium and undergoing further transformation into either the mucinous epithelium of borderline malignancy or the well-differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma by some unknown factors.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Factors predicting the course of diabetes mellitus in hyperthyroid patients.

The relationship between changes in glucose tolerance with treatment of hyperthyroidism and various factors that might be relevant to carbohydrate metabolism were investigated in 64 hyperthyroid patients with abnormal glucose tolerance, including 35 cases with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels of 140 mg/dl or more. All patients had diffuse toxic goiter. After correction of the hyperthyroidism, glucose intolerance improved in almost all cases, even in cases with fasting hyperglycemia, but diabetes mellitus in patients with FPG above 140 mg/dl and/or delta IRI/delta PG X 30' during a 50-g oral glucose tolerance test below 0.10, persisted. Patients who showed diabetic glucose tolerance even after remission from thyroid dysfunction had significantly lower delta IRI/delta PG X 30' values and a higher incidence of family histories of diabetes mellitus than those not showing diabetic glucose tolerance. There were no significant differences in serum T3 and T4 levels between these two groups of patients. The findings suggest that predisposition to diabetes may be an important factor in persistent glucose intolerance in the hyperthyroidism of Graves' disease. The FPG and delta IRI/delta PG X 30' values may be useful in predicting which patients with hyperthyroidism will have permanent diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

The semiquinone state of NADPH-adrenodoxin oxidoreductase in the course of anaerobic reduction with NADPH.

NADPH-adrenodoxin oxidoreductase was titrated with NADPH under anaerobic conditions. As the amount of added NADPH was increased to a ratio to the reductase of 1 : 1, a broad absorbance band from approximately 500 to 900 nm, which is attributed to a charge transfer complex, increased and then sharply decreased after the 1 : 1 ratio was attained. Concomitant with the decrease in the charge transfer band, a peak at 575 nm with a shoulder at 635 nm increased, indicating the formation of a semiquinone. This showed clearly that a semiquinone was formed only when more than the stoichiometric amount of NADPH (It is meant by "the stoichiometric amount of NADPH" that the molar ratio of NADPH to adrenodoxin reductase is equal to one, that is, NADPH/FAD bound to the reductase = 1.) was added. The semiquinone band reached its maximum with an approximately 3-fold excess of NADPH over the reductase, and then gradually decreased. Concurrent with the decrease in absorbance of both the charge transfer complex and the semiquinone, the reaction mixture was bleached, indicating that a pale colored species was produced. 1H NMR studies suggested that the pale colored species was a complex of fully reduced adrenodoxin reductase and NADPH, and that the semiquinone also bound 1 mol of the pyridine nucleotide per mol of the reductase. These data suggest that the semiquinone state of the reductase is observable only when a complex between NADPH and the enzyme in the flavin semiquinone is formed.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1986

Small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the uterine cervix: histology, ultrastructure, and immunohistochemistry of two cases.

Two clinical stage IB small cell undifferentiated carcinomas (SCUC) of the cervix were studied by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Both cases occurred in women aged less than 31 years. Despite radical hysterectomy and external pelvic radiotherapy, both patients died of recurrent disease within 14 months after initial therapy. The tumors consisted of sheets of closely packed, uniform small, round to oval cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and scant indistinct cytoplasm. One case was associated with cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The neoplastic cells had few organelles and desmosome-like junctions and lacked mucinous or neurosecretory granules or tonofilaments. Immunohistochemistry failed to reveal S-100, CEA, neuropeptides or neuron-specific enolase. SCUC probably arises either from basal cells of the cervical squamous epithelium, or gland cells of the endocervical epithelium, or still from subcolumnar endocervical reserve cells. Based on ultrastructure and immunohistochemistry, SCUC seems to represent the undifferentiated variant of small cell neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Analysis of serum CA125, CEA, AFP, LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes in patients with ovarian tumors--correlation between tumor markers and histological types of ovarian tumors].

Serum CA125, CEA, AFP, LDH levels and LDH isoenzymes were analyzed in ovarian tumor patients, who were treated at Kyoto University Hospital. CA125 was positive in 10/16 (62.5%) cases of common epithelial carcinoma, especially 100% positive in serous carcinoma, but was negative in mucinous tumors. CA125 was also negative in patients with germ cell and sex cord stromal tumors. CEA was positive in 13/32 (40.6%) cases of epithelial carcinoma, most frequently elevated in patients with mucinous carcinoma, pseudomyxoma peritonei, and Krukenberg tumor. AFP was positive only in those with endodermal sinus tumors. LDH was elevated in 16/39 (41%) cases of epithelial carcinoma, but was not specific for histological types. In contrast, all 8 cases of dysgerminoma, 1 of immature teratoma and 2 of endodermal sinus tumor showed extremely elevated LDH levels. Moreover, the normal pattern or deviation to H subunit of LDH isoenzymes was seen in such cases of germ cell tumor, while deviation to M subunit was noted in epithelial and metastatic tumor patients. These data indicate that each parameter is useful as a tumor marker for the specific histological type of ovarian tumor; CA125 for non-mucinous epithelial carcinoma, CEA for mucinous tumor and Krukenberg tumor, AFP for yolk sac tumor, LDH and LDH isoenzymes for dysgerminoma and other solid germ cell tumors. In addition, preoperative diagnosis of histological types of ovarian tumors may be possible by combining these tumor markers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

[Studies of the antitumor activity and enzymology of 2'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (FdUrd) derivatives].

The antitumor activity and enzymology of 2'-deoxy-3', 5'-bis-O-(4-methoxyphenoxycarbonyl)-5-fluoro-3-(4-n-Propoxybenz oyl uridine (FF-707) were examined. It was found that stability in small intestine homogenate of FF-707 was higher than that of FF-705 [2'-deoxy-3', 5'-O-diacetyl-5-fluoro-3-(3 methylbenzoyl) uridine]. Reduction of the tumor weight was greater in mice bearing sarcoma-180 and rats bearing Yoshida sarcoma treated with the oral administration of FF-707 than that FF-705. The relationship between the antitumor activity and the inhibition of thymidylate synthase after the oral administration of FF-707 was examined. The extent of the inhibition of thymidylate synthase seemed to be parallel to that of the inhibition of the tumor growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Ovarian fibroma with Leydig cell hyperplasia of the adjacent stroma: a light and electron microscopic study.

A virilizing left ovarian tumor removed from a 58-year-old woman was studied by light and electron microscopy. Histologically, the tumor was an ovarian fibroma around which Leydig cells, but no Sertoli cells, proliferated at a distance from the hilus. Although the fibroma itself did not contain Leydig cells, several Leydig cells were observed intermingled with ovarian stromal cells in the cortical tissue compressed by the fibroma. Ultrastructurally, in addition to mature Leydig cells with typical steroid-producing--cell features, immature cells with less-developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum and elementary tubular inclusions were identified. These light and electron microscopic findings suggest that the Leydig cells may have differentiated from ovarian stromal cells surrounding the fibroma. If so, this case should be distinguished from neoplastic disorders such as hilar cell tumors or stromal-Leydig cell tumors and be classified in the category of ovarian tumors with functioning stroma containing Leydig cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum↗