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Biomedical subjects

S Frenkiel

Publications and source records attributed to S Frenkiel.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Endoscopic repair of anterior skull base cerebrospinal fluid fistulas: an emphasis on postoperative nasal function maximization.

Endoscopic repair of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas has been proposed as an alternative to the traditional intracranial and extracranial approaches. This study reports on four consecutive adult cases of anterior skull base CSF fistulas. The technique used for endoscopic repair, which was designed to maximize postoperative nasal function, is described in detail. The results and complications recorded, using this technique, are reported. Endoscopic repair appears to be a safe and successful approach in the surgical treatment of CSF fistulas while preserving nasal function.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Polypoid lipoma of the palatine tonsil.

A polypoid, pedunculated tumour of the left palatine tonsil was incidentally detected in a 42-year-old female. It was composed of mature fat and was covered by a nonkeratinizing squamous epithelium with an underlying rim of fibrous tissue. The literature on tonsillar lipoma is reviewed and the differential diagnosis of polypoid lesions of the tonsil is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Mycobacterial infections of the head and neck.

Despite the decline of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Western world, the incidence of cervical mycobacterial infections has remained relatively unaffected. A retrospective review was conducted of 20 patients treated for head and neck tuberculosis from 1984 to 1991. They were mostly an immigrant group coming from underdeveloped countries close to the equator. All cases were treated with antituberculous chemotherapy; 18 patients also underwent surgical excision of their lymphadenopathy. Sixteen patients showed complete response to combined treatment and one relapse was successfully retreated with antituberculous medication. Three patients died from unrelated causes--two from human immunodeficiency virus infection and one from nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The most reliable indicator of mycobacterial infection was the pathologic specimen, making the need for surgical intervention an important diagnostic consideration. As with other reports, most patients in our series had negative chest x-ray films, variable responses to skin testing, and negative cultures. The epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management of this disease are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Fourth branchial cleft cyst.

Remnants of the fourth branchial arch are uncommon clinical entities. They may present in either the neck or chest in association with aortic arch development. They are encountered more frequently in younger individuals as an asymptomatic left-sided neck mass, recurrent neck abscess or suppurative thyroiditis. In view of the rarity of this lesion, we thought it worthwhile to present the case of a 25-year-old female with a diagnosed fourth branchial cleft cyst in her left lower neck. The embryology and management of these cases is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Spindle cell myoepithelioma of the nasal cavity.

Minor salivary gland neoplasms with mesenchymal-like features are uncommon in the sinonasal tract. We herein report a case of spindle cell myoepithelioma of the nasal cavity in a 69-year-old woman who presented with a rapidly expanding tumor accompanied by episodes of epistaxis. Although initially considered as a mesenchymal neoplasm, ultrastructural and immunophenotypical characterization demonstrated its myoepithelial nature. In the sinonasal setting, this unusual neoplasm may be confused with soft tissue tumors showing spindle cell or myxoid features. Staining for cytokeratin is found to be the most useful adjunct to diagnosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Foregut duplication arising from the pharynx.

An unusual case of duplication of the foregut arising from the posterior pharyngeal wall is presented. Pertinent embryological and etiological considerations are discussed and a literature review included.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Thyroglossal duct cyst presenting as an anterior tongue fistula.

An unusual case of thyroglossal duct cyst occurring in the tongue base and fistulizing to the anterior tongue is presented. No previous descriptions have been found in the literature associating this embryological remnant with fistulization to the anterior tongue. The treatment was successfully accomplished through a combined transhyoid and intraoral approach.

Fistula↗
PubMed1987

Immunopathological characteristics of nasal polyps.

The presence of immunoglobulins in nasal polyps and surrounding mucosa was studied by direct immunofluorescence in 14 patients. Specific and total IgE were determined in polyps and in the sera of this group. Significant immunofluorescence to IgE was demonstrated in 12 polyps but in only four samples of adjacent mucosa. Eight polyps showed significant immunofluorescence to IgM. Six patients had elevated total IgE levels within polyp sac fluid in the absence of elevated serum values. In seven cases, specific IgE was found in polyp sac fluid which could not be detected on skin or serum testing. These results may suggest local production of IgE and support the concept of nasal polyps being a manifestation of a local allergic phenomenon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Management of the undescended thyroid.

Ectopic thyroid can occur throughout the neck but is found most commonly at the tongue base. Management includes Tc99m radionuclide scanning to confirm the presence and location of the thyroid tissue. Dysfunction should be assessed by T4, TSH, and thyroid antibody testing. Hormonal therapy is the primary treatment but surgery may be necessary in cases of airway obstruction. Six children with undescended thyroid are presented and a management protocol based on the presence or lack of symptomatology is proposed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Measurement of antigen-specific IgE in nasal secretions of patients with perennial rhinitis.

Sixteen of 53 patients with rhinitis had positive skin tests corresponding with serum-specific IgE (RAST). Concomitant positive nasal secretion (NS) RAST was found in 10/16. Four patients with both negative skin tests and serum RAST had positive NS RAST. In a subset of patients with perennial rhinitis, specific IgE may be detected only in NS. Further studies are necessary to document the clinical relevance of such NS IgE antibodies.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

Alternating combination chemotherapy using cisplatin-bleomycin with sequential methotrexate-5-FU plus leucovorin rescue in patients with head and neck cancer.

Thirty-two patients (only two had previously untreated disease) with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with alternating combination chemotherapy. The regimen consisted of cisplatin (50 mg/m2) and bleomycin (30 units) given iv on Days 1 and 2, alternated with 1 hour of sequential methotrexate (200 mg/m2) and 5-FU (600 mg/m2) given iv, plus oral leucovorin rescue on Day 22. The entire cycle was repeated every 5 weeks (less than or equal to five cycles). Objective tumor regression was obtained in 33% of the 30 evaluable patients, with 13% complete regression. The median duration of response was only 3 months. Evidence of response occurred within one cycle, and was maximal after two cycles. Toxicity was very mild. Alternating combination chemotherapy is not more effective than either combination chemotherapy alone.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1985

The immunological basis of nasal polyp formation.

Forty-six patients were studied to assess the role of immunological factors in the formation of nasal polyps. Total IgE levels did not correlate with positive skin testing and were generally higher in polyp sac fluid than in corresponding sera. Asthmatics had significantly higher IgE levels in both serum and polyp fluid than nonasthmatics. Specific IgE (RAST) found in polyp specimens could not be detected by conventional skin or serum testing in nine of 15 patients. By direct immunofluorescence IgE was present in 81% of polyp specimens compared with 13% in mucosal controls. These data indicate that nasal polyp formation may be an IgE mediated disease process and conventional skin or serum testing may not detect this local allergic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Angioedema of the head and neck.

A group of 143 patients with angioedema was reviewed. Women in their third and fourth decades were most commonly affected. Head and neck involvement was found in 94% of cases and this was the only anatomical site in 24%. Twenty-one patients had swelling of the oropharynx while four presented with laryngeal edema. A diagnosis of hereditary angioedema (HAE) was confirmed in one case. Asthma, allergic rhinitis, and drug sensitivity were significantly associated, while smaller numbers of patients had underlying vasculitis or active ongoing infection. The pathophysiology and management of angioedema are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effects of treatment with beclomethasone dipropionate in subpopulations of perennial rhinitis patients.

The efficacy and safety of beclomethasone dipropionate (BD), 0.05 mg three times daily, sprayed in each nostril was studied in 39 adult patients with perennial rhinitis in a 12 wk, double-blind, vehicle controlled trial. Parameters of IgE-mediated reactivity, including epicutaneous skin testing, total serum IgE, specific serum IgE, and nasal eosinophilia, were assessed. All adverse reactions, including changes in serum cortisol and nasal and pharyngeal Candida infections, were monitored. Sixty-three percent of BD patients achieved total or substantial control of nasal symptoms compared with 25% of controls (p = 0.04). Eighty-three percent of BD-treated, skin test-positive patients improved, while only 14% of BD nonatopics improved (p less than 0.05). All BD patients with nasal eosinophilia improved compared with 38% without eosinophilia. Adverse reactions were frequent, minor, and equal in both groups. Serum cortisols were stable and no nasal Candida infections were documented. This study demonstrates the efficacy and safety of BD in treatment of perennial rhinitis, particularly in atopic patients with nasal eosinophilia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Nasal polyposis--a multidisciplinary study.

Thirty-seven adults with nasal polyps were assessed in a multidisciplinary fashion. It was found that 43% of patients were allergic and 57% had asthma. Performing a polypectomy did not alter lower airway flow rates. Eosinophilia was prominent in nasal secretions of both atopics and nonatopics. Histological characteristics could not distinguish the "allergic" from the "inflammatory" polyp. Immunofluorescent studies indicated an abundance of polyp IgE leading to speculation of an IgE mediated process in polyp formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Beclomethasone dipropionate in the management of rhinitis--a review.

Beclomethasone dipropionate has been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of seasonal and perennial rhinitis. Comparative studies with other medications are lacking. Adverse reactions are frequent but minor. No alterations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, nasal mucosal histology or bacterial and fungal flora have been recognized.

Administration, Topical↗