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Biomedical subjects

S Frank

Publications and source records attributed to S Frank.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Practical procedures in internal medicine: a workshop for fourth-year medical students.

A series of workshops demonstrating technical skills and practical procedures in internal medicine was conducted for fourth-year medical students. With the chance to observe and in some situations to perform the technical procedures under supervision, the students could become familiar with these techniques before beginning their residencies. Students from 13 medical schools participated. The consensus of the students was that this aspect of their training was neglected in medical school, that the experience was very valuable, and that additional procedure-oriented opportunities were necessary.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1983

Improved utilization of blood for elective surgery.

Results of our experience have shown that SSBO and T & S are cost effective and extremely safe. We believe that the safety in using these guidelines for hemotherapy for elective surgery depends upon a sensitive and meticulously performed T & S, a mechanism by which ABO compatibility can be affirmed and an ongoing surveillance program to monitor the proper operation of these procedures.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1981

Value of glycosylated hemoglobin measurements after acute myocardial infarction.

All nondiabetic patients admitted to a coronary care unit with suspected myocardial infarction (MI) had glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb A1) determinations to aid in the interpretation of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia was frequent among patients with a confirmed MI, whereas an elevated Hb A1 level was less common and affected patients with and without MI equally. With the use of a fasting plasma glucose level of 140 mg/dL and an Hb A1 level of more than 8.5% as combined diagnostic criteria, 9% of patients (8/93) with MI and 12% of patients (8/68) without MI had previously unrecognized diabetes. Follow-up studies three months after the acute episode supported these results. The Hb A1 measurements provide a practical method to separate hyperglycemia due to stress from that due to diabetes mellitus. Marked hyperglycemia with a normal Hb A1 level indicates a severe MI.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

The QT interval in clinical hypercalcemia.

Corrected QT intervals were determined in 13 patients with severe, chronic hypercalcemia. The QoTc interval was short in only 2 of 14 instances; QATC in 5 of 15 instances, and QETC in 5 of 16 instances. The correlations between serum calcium and the QTC measurement were not significant when evaluating either linear or curvilinear (quadratic) relationships. Small and inconsistent changes were found when comparing the QT intervals before the development of the hypercalcemic episode, during hypercalcemia, or after successful treatment. We conclude that shortening of the QT interval is an unreliable index of clinical (chronic) hypercalcemia.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed1981

On the cytostatic mechanism of cyclophosphamide. Inhibition of aminoacylation of transfer RNA and induction of stringent control in Escherichia coli by 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide.

4-Hydroxycyclophosphamide, a highly cytotoxic derivative of cyclophosphamide, has bacteriostatic properties at concentrations higher than 80 microM when given to Escherichia coli growing in glucose/salt medium. The inhibitory effect on growth, protein and RNA syntheses is relieved by the addition of a mixture of amino acids, with leucine being obligatory. In cells treated with the drug, aminoacylation of tRNALeu is drastically decreased, but the content of free leucine is not. It is concluded that 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide interferes with the charging process of tRNALeu in E. coli leading to an inhibition of protein synthesis. The concomitant inhibition of RNA synthesis can adequately by explained by the stringent response phenomena. In a relaxed mutant strain (rel) of E. coli, protein synthesis is also inhibited, but the accumulation of RNA continues after the addition of the drug. Guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), the putative mediator of the stringent control, accumulates in drug-treated stringently controlled E coli but not in the relaxed mutant. An additional direct effect of the drug on RNA synthesis can therefore be ruled out.

Cyclophosphamide↗
PubMed1981

Immunochemical studies on Tn erythrocyte glycoprotein.

Glycoproteins were extracted from membranes of erythrocytes that displayed Tn polyagglutination and were compared chemically and immunologically with glycoproteins of group O, MN cells. Tn glycoprotein had lower than normal NANA : protein and sugar : protein ratios, as revealed by direct analysis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and displayed slower immunoelectrophoretic mobility than glycoproteins of group O, MN cells. Agglutination of Tn cells by Salvia sclarea lectin was inhibited by Tn glycoprotein but not by O, MN glycoprotein. Tn and MN glycoproteins were equally potent inhibitors of influenza virus HA. Our findings indicate than Tn-specific determinants are part of the glycophorin molecule.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

Fatalities on the liquid-protein diet: an analysis of possible causes.

Reports of deaths occurring in patients using variants of the liquid-protein diet (LPD) have raised some questions about the safety of this procedure for the management of obesity. Case reports involving 44 publicized deaths were reviewed. Possible causes of death including such factors as potassium and/or electrolyte deficiencies, inadequate or poor quality protein, imperfect patient selection or compliance, an associated medications or disease were examined. Data in eight patients are insufficient for analysis or show that the patients were not using a LPD. Of the remaining 36 patients 32 were inappropriately managed as judged by conservative standards. Four patients who may have been properly managed all had known preexisting cardiac disease. The analysis does not identify any single factor which is responsible for the deaths. It shows that the procedure was widely misused and suggests that this contributed in multiple ways to the fatalities. No properly managed patient died as a direct result of the LPD and the cardiac deaths could not be ascribed to the LPD. Since the LPD, when properly supervised, has demonstrated great promise in the management of obesity, it is suggested that caution be exercised in dismissing the LPD because of adverse publicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and advanced cardiac life support: common errors and current techniques.

Competence in the techniques of Advanced Cardiac Life Support is essential for physicians who are in frequent contact with patients at high risk for cardiac arrest. The methods utilized are complex and rapidly changing. However, a consistent pattern of errors in fundamental concepts or methods emerges. These can be characterized as (1) errors in the general management of patients, (2) erros in basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques, (3) mistakes in the use or omission of appropriate drugs, (4) errors in the associated necessary techniques which require some technical skills, and (5) errors in management of the patient subsequent to the cardiac arrest. Attention to these details may increase success in management of patients with cardiac arrest.

Heart Arrest↗
PubMed1980

Testicular torsion: late results with special regard to fertility and endocrine function.

Late results were determined for 42 patients who had undergone detorsion and fixation for unilateral testicular torsion in the prepubertal and pubertal age. Exocrine and endocrine function for the testes was determined in 30 patients who had reached postpuberal age. Patients who underwent detorsion and fixation 8 hours or less after the onset of symptoms had normal-sized testicles and only slight changes in testicular morphology. When treatment was delayed and detorsion was done more than 8 hours later a marked decrease was observed in testicular size. The exocrine function in patients with torsion was reduced. The semen quality, as judged by 2 semen analyses, was normal in 15 patients, doubtful in 3 and pathological in 12. Even when detorsion was done 4 hours or less after the onset of symptoms the exocrine function of the testes was normal in only 50 per cent of the cases. In patients with doubtful and pathological sperm analyses higher follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone levels were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Epidemiology of myoarthropathy. A longitudinal study over 5 years].

A total of 1440 patients with the diagnosis "mandibular joint complaints" were referred to the Out-Patient Clinic for Dental Prosthetics between 1974 and the first half of 1979. A clinical functional analysis (Krogh-Poulsen) was used to examine 1114 of these patients. The number of women patients (73%) was impressively high. The myoarthropathies appeared most frequently between the twentieth and the fortieth year of life. Complaints had been present for at least one year prior to referral in 44% of the patients. Tenderness of the pterygoideus muscle at clinical examination was observed most frequently. Treatment with a biteplate brought relief from complaints in 82% of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Gastritis and stomach ulcer].

Patients with ventricular ulcer (n = 109) were examined endoscopically and bioptically concerning the frequency of an at the same time existing gastritis. It was shown that stomachs with ulcer practically without any exception, i.e. in 96 per cent, had a pangastritis. In the endoscopic comparative group without focal lesions (n = 231) a gradually less pronouncedly expressed gastritis is present than in patients with ulcer. Patients with gastric ulcer and such persons with endoscopical negative dyspepsia (endoscopic comparative group) have common the more pronounced appearance of the gastritis in the antrum (antritis) than in the corpus. Gastric ulcers appeared in males at the age from 30 to 49 years twice as often as in females. The latter showed an approximately linear increase of the frequency of corpus ulcers between 20 and 69 years. In antrum ulcers like in duodenal ulcers the males dominate at the age from 20 to 59 years, whereas the females prevail in the 7th decennium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Radiofrequency-triggered pacemakers: uses and limitations. A long-term study.

Seven patients with either recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (five), alternatinng bradycardiatachycardia (one), or ventricular tachycardia (one) underwent insertion of permanent radiofrequency-triggered pacemakers. Follow-up evaluation (36 +/- 24 months, mean +/- SD) revealed that arrhythmias were well controlled in five of seven patients, although three of the five required medication to decrease frequency of arrhythmias. Overdrive pacing was ineffective in one patient with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome who had recurrent bouts of atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter. One additional patient with ventricular tachycardia became refractory to overdrive atrial pacing. These studies document the long-term effectiveness of radiofrequency pacemakers in some patients with recurrent refractory arrhythmias. Careful patient selection and electrophysiologic studies are mandatory before implantation of a permanent radiofrequency pacemaker. Physicians must be aware of both the benefits and possible limitations of radiofrequency pacemakers in order to choose between pacemaker versus surgical intervention in patients with cardiac arrhythmias refractory to standard drug therapy.

Adult↗