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Biomedical subjects

S Eustace

Publications and source records attributed to S Eustace.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance imaging of hemochromatosis arthropathy.

This study was undertaken to compare plain film radiography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of hemochromatosis arthropathy of the knees of ten patients with a biopsy-proven diagnosis. Both modalities enabled visualisation of bony degenerative changes; magnetic resonance imaging enabled additional visualization of deformity of both cartilage and menisci. Magnetic resonance imaging failed reliably to confirm the presence of intra-articular iron in the patients studied. No correlation was observed between synovial fluid magnetic resonance signal values, corresponding serum ferritin levels, or the severity of the observed degenerative changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance angiography in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stenting: comparison with contrast hepatic and portal venography.

In order to highlight the role of magnetic resonance angiography [MRA] in the assessment of patients pre-transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) stenting, the MRA images of portal and hepatic veins of 21 patients were compared with the images from contrast portal and hepatic venograms performed on the same patients at the time of TIPS stenting (20 patients). MRA enabled accurate, non-invasive, multiplanar imaging of portal and systemic venous anatomy in each of the patients studied. MRA facilitated accurate determination of vessel patency and flow direction, images correlating exactly with contrast venograms of hepatic and portal veins in each case. In one patient, identification of occult hepatocellular carcinoma extending to the portal vein lead to the postponement of the TIPS procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Ebstein's anomaly presenting in adulthood: the role of cine magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis.

Three adult patients with late presentation of Ebstein's anomaly were studied using MRI, including cine MRI. Spin-echo MRI demonstrated a large right atrium in each case and suggested an abnormal tricuspid valve in two. Systolic signal loss, on cine MRI, deep within the right ventricular cavity correctly indicated the presence of an abnormally positioned and incompetent tricuspid valve, and the diagnosis of Ebstein's anomaly in each patient. Selective presaturation MRI demonstrated an associated atrial septal defect in one patient. The diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography in each case and cardiac catheterization with contrast angiography in one case. Cine MRI clearly demonstrates abnormal tricuspid valve morphology and function in Ebstein's anomaly and is a useful technique when other imaging is unclear.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Clival marrow changes in AIDS: findings at MR imaging.

PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and clinical significance of marrow changes in the clivus identified at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR images of the head of 119 patients with AIDS and 119 control subjects were retrospectively reviewed. Marrow signal intensity patterns in the clivus of each patient were evaluated and scored as type 1 (homogeneous high signal intensity on T1-weighted images [normal]), type 2 (heterogeneous low signal intensity on T1-weighted images [abnormal]), or type 3 (homogeneous low signal intensity on T1-weighted images [abnormal]) and correlated with clinical parameters including CD4 counts, evidence of previous systemic disease, and presence of coexistent disease on corresponding MR head images. RESULTS: Abnormal clival signal intensity (type 2 and 3) was observed in 64 (54%) patients with AIDS and nine (7.5%) control subjects (P < .001), correlating with both a marked decrease in CD4 count (P < .001) and the presence of systemic disease (P < .001). CONCLUSION: Clival marrow signal abnormality is commonly identified in patients with AIDS and may be a marker of advanced disease.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance imaging in drug-induced meningitis.

Pathologic meningeal enhancement has been reported in patients with bacterial and viral meningitis. The authors describe a 52-year-old woman with drug-induced aseptic meningitis in whom diffuse meningeal enhancement was observed with magnetic resonance imaging after administration of gadolinium diethylenediaminepenta-acetic acid. The cause and mechanism of drug-induced aseptic meningitis and the value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of this uncommon condition are stressed.

Brain↗
PubMed1994

Computed tomography of the retroperitoneum in patients with femoral neuropathy.

The authors illustrate the value of computed tomography (CT) of the retroperitoneum in patients presenting with femoral nerve signs. They describe 28 such patients, examined at a tertiary-care hospital between June 1990 and January 1993, in whom CT of the retroperitoneum contributed significantly to the diagnosis. The patients, 19 males and 9 females, ranged in age from 11 to 81 years. CT showed disease of the psoas compartment in 17 cases; the condition was due to a malignant lesion in 9 cases and was secondary to infection in 5 and to other causes in 3. Disease of the iliacus compartment was shown in 11 cases; it was due to a malignant lesion in 6 cases and was secondary to hemorrhage in 2, to infection in 1 and to a bursa in 1. The diagnostic features of the diseases encountered are discussed, and the importance of performing CT early is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Magnetic resonance imaging in pigmented villonodular synovitis.

The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of pigmented villonodular synovitis of the knee is described for three patients. In the images for one patient diffuse areas of low signal intensity reflecting hemosiderin deposits suggested the diagnosis. For another patient with the diffuse form of the condition but minimal hemosiderin deposition, identification of diffuse synovial proliferation in the MRI images guided diagnostic percutaneous biopsy. For the third patient, who had localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, MRI after administration of a gadolinium chelate facilitated identification of localized synovial proliferation and guided diagnostic arthroscopic biopsy. The authors discuss the value of MRI in the diagnosis of all forms of this uncommon condition and the various signal characteristics that it may produce.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Radiographic features that enable assessment of first metatarsal rotation: the role of pronation in hallux valgus.

This study describes a method of detecting first metatarsal pronation on the basis of the movement of the inferior tuberosity of the base of 20 cadaveric first metatarsals at 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees and 30 degrees pronation. On pronation, the inferior tuberosity of the base of the first metatarsal moved lateral to the mid-line axis. At 10 degrees, the tuberosity pointed to the junction of the inner third and outer two-thirds of a line between the midpoint and lateral tubercle of the base. At 20 degrees, it pointed to the junction of the inner two-thirds and outer third of that line. At 30 degrees, it pointed to the outer margin of the lateral third. Using these features, the amount of first metatarsal pronation in 100 consecutive weight-bearing views of feet was recorded and plotted against the corresponding intermetatarsal angles in those feet. Four of 43 patients with an intermetatarsal angle of less than 9 degrees had pronation greater than 10 degrees, 48 of 57 patients with an intermetatarsal angle greater than 9 degrees had pronation greater than 10 degrees (P < 0.001). As intermetatarsal angles increase, the amount of first metatarsal pronation increases (r = 0.69). Pronation and varus deviation of the first metatarsal are linked; both alter the tendon balance maintaining proximal phalanx alignment and lead to the development of hallux valgus.

Hallux Valgus↗
PubMed1993

Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm: an unusual cause of adolescent pseudo-achalasia.

We report an adolescent male who presented with progressive dysphagia. Barium examination and upper endoscopy revealed the presence of a smoothly tapered stricture at the lower end of a dilated oesophagus typical of achalasia. Further evaluation by computed tomography (CT), demonstrated the presence of a bulky infiltrating diaphragmatic mass encasing the lower oesophagus. CT guided biopsy of the mass and subsequent post mortem examination revealed the presence of a primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm encasing the lower oesophagus. A diagnosis of pseudo-achalasia secondary to a primary diaphragmatic tumour was made.

Child↗
PubMed1993

A comparison of SPECT and planar ventilation perfusion lung scanning.

In order to define the role of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolus; SPECT and Planar ventilation and perfusion lung studies were performed consecutively on eleven patients referred with suspected embolus. Three patients were shown to have 'high probability' ventilation perfusion mismatches. SPECT imaging allowed segmental localisation of the perfusion defect and revealed additional defects not seen on planar scans. SPECT lung study was performed with minimal technical difficulty and was well tolerated by all patients studied. SPECT is likely to become the method of choice for investigating patients referred with suspected pulmonary embolus.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The role of computed tomography and sonography in acute bullous pemphigoid.

We report acute bullous pemphigoid occurring in an elderly female patient in whom abdominal sonography and computed tomography (CT) examinations revealed the presence of occult hepatic and splenic metastatic deposits from a primary pancreatic carcinoma. In the majority of cases bullous pemphigoid is a self limiting auto-immune disorder occurring in the absence of systemic disease. An association with visceral malignancy has been described by previous authors but the role of computed tomography and sonography in diagnosing occult malignancy and the subgroup of patients with pemphigoid in whom this should be undertaken has not been highlighted.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Congenital duodenal obstruction: an approach to diagnosis.

53 neonates with congenital duodenal obstruction presented to Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children over a consecutive 4-year period. Of these 53, 27 presented with intrinsic obstruction, and 26 with extrinsic obstruction. Diagnostic methods and features resulting in surgically proven diagnoses are discussed.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1992

Case report: solitary haemangioblastoma of the fourth ventricle in an adolescent male.

We report a solitary haemangioblastoma arising from a pedicle in the wall of the fourth ventricle of the brain, which we believe to be the first report of haemangioblastoma occurring in this location. Computed tomography (CT), angiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) made possible accurate pre-operative tumour identification and localization which facilitated a minimally invasive surgical resection.

Adolescent↗