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Biomedical subjects

S Endo

Publications and source records attributed to S Endo.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[A case of the occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery due to congenital anti-thrombin III (AT III) deficiency (author's transl)].

The authors describe and discuss a case of the occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery due to congenital AT III deficiency. The patient, 23 years old, female, was admitted to our service with episodes of convulsive attacks, disturbance of consciousness and left hemiparesis on the fifth postoperative (laparotomy)day. She had been suffering from recurrent thromnbophlebitis of both legs. Right carotid angiogram revealed the occlusion of the trunk of the right middle cerebral artery about 13mm distal to its bifurcation. Routine laboratory findings on admission, including hematological tests, chemical tests of blood, liver function tests, kidney function tests, chest x-ray film and electrocardiogram, were within normal limits except leukocytosis. But examinations of coagulation and fibrinolysis showed decreased AT III activity and increased AT III antigen concentration. When examined her eight family members on the same examination, six individuals were affected with the decreased AT III activity. On about fourth hospital month, her neurological symptoms took a sudden turn for the worse again. But AT III concentrates transfusion and prescription of warfarin led to her striking clinical improvement. Eight cases of cerebral vessel disease due to congenital AT III deficiency were reported in literature. It is now concluded that AT III deficiency should be considered with one of the etiology of cerebral infarction and cerebral sinus thrombosis in young adults.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Experimental study for cancer diagnosis with positron-labeled fluorinated glucose analogs: [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-mannose: a new tracer for cancer detection.

18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) and 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-mannose (18F-FDM) were tested as tumor diagnostic agents in a transplantable rat tumor and rabbit tumors. Tissue distribution studies in rats showed high tumor uptakes of both radiopharmaceuticals. The tumor uptake reached 2.65 +/- 0.61% dose 18 dose F-FDG/g and 2.65 +/- 0.81% dose 18F-FDM/g at 60 min and remained relatively constant until 120 min. Blood clearance both 18F-FDG and 18F-FDM was very rapid and tumor-to-blood ratios reached 22.1 and 29.4 at 60 min, respectively. Tumor-to-tissue ratios of both radiopharmaceuticals were very high in most organs, especially in the liver, kidney, and pancreas. Positron emission tomography (PET) of rabbit tumor with 18F-FDM clearly delineated the main tumor, central necrosis, and lymph node metastases. These data suggested that 18F-FDM, which is a by-product of 18F-FDG synthesis was also an excellent cancer diagnostic agent as well as 18F-FDG. This is not only a new feature of 18F-FDM, but also an economical improvement on cancer diagnosis by PET.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Drug-increased REM sleep in aged subjects: butoctamide hydrogen succinate (BAHS).

Butoctamide hydrogen succinate (BAHS), which is related to an organic compound naturally occurring in CSF, has been demonstrated to increase REM sleep in cats and yound adults. In the present study, BAHS was confirmed also to increase REM sleep in healthy aged subjects. The subjects were six females (68-77 years of age). The experiment covered 8 consecutive nights. Identical capsules containing either a placebo (linoleic acid) or 600 mg BAHS were administered 1 h prior to recording, which was started at 9 PM. BAHS tended to stabilize sleep. The average number and percentage of REM periods increased significantly during the drug nights compared with the baseline nights (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.02, respectively). The maximum percentage of BAHS-induced REM sleep was approximately 20%. REM sleep did not exceed the upper limit of the physiological range. A carry-over effect of BAHS occurred during the withdrawal nights. During the drug nights, and the average length of REM periods increased in each sleep cycle. The length especially increased significantly in cycle 3 (P less than 0.05). The interruptions of REM sleep decreased in number. The histogram of REM sleep showed that REM sleep increased in the middle and the latter part of the night with two apparent peaks. Though REM sleep increased, REM density decreased. The mechanisms by which BAHS increases REM density decreased. The mechanisms by which BAHS increases REM sleep suggests that BAHS increases serotonin in the brain, and that serotonin increases REM sleep secondarily. BAHS seems to be a unique drug which increases REM sleep, while other clinically used drugs suppress it.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1982

A protein in starfish sperm head which bundles actin filaments in vitro: purification and characterization.

From an extract of starfish sperm heads, a protein was purified using ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephacryl S-300, hydroxyapatite and Whatman DE 52 columns. Co-sedimentability on low speed centrifugation of this protein with actin filaments was used as an index in the purification. This protein has a molecular weight of 57,000, as judged by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It lowers the specific viscosity of an actin filament solution, although this effect is abolished under high ionic conditions such as 300 mM NaCl. Electron microscopic observation shows formation of actin filament bundles with a banding pattern of about 10 nm periodicity. Based on these results, we call this protein starfish sperm fascin. Changes in pH and Mg2+ or ATP concentration have no effect on the action of this sperm fascin. Neither the rate of actin polymerization nor that of depolymerization is affected by this protein. The bundles are depolymerized as well by actin-depolymerizing protein (Mabuchi, I. (1981) J. Biochem. 89, 1341-1344) purified from starfish eggs.

Actins↗
PubMed1982

All-night sleep polygraphic recordings of healthy aged persons: REM and slow-wave sleep.

All-night polygraphic recordings of 15 healthy aged persons (82.1 +/- 4.8 years old) were conducted for 3 consecutive nights. Thirteen young males (20.9 +/- 0.8 years old) were used as the control group. Compared with the young adults, the aged subjects showed extraordinary reductions in stages 3 and 4 sleep. In the young adults, the four rapid eye movement (REM) periods showed progressive increases in length, whereas in the aged subjects, the same REM periods tended to decrease in length. In the young adults, the percentage of REM sleep increased during the second half of the night, whereas that of the aged subjects was fairly uniform throughout the night. The circadian rhythm of REM sleep for the aged persons apparently shifted, with the acrophase occurring during the first half of the night rather than in the early morning hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of sleep characteristics of subjects in their 70's with those in their 80's.

This study was undertaken to examine the effect of aging on sleep. All-night sleep polygrams of 15 subjects in their 70's and 11 subjects in their 80's were recorded for three consecutive nights. The increase in stage wakefulness (SW) and the decrease in stage 2 (S2) were significant in the subjects in their 80's in comparison with those in their 70's (p less than 0.05, P less than 0.01, respectively). After the age of 70, slow wave sleep decreased in the earlier part of the night and REM sleep shifted to the earlier part of the night. These facts support the hypothesis that slow wave sleep and REM sleep compete with each other.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Age-related changes of the cranial bone mineral: a quantitative study with computed tomography.

Age-related changes of the cranial bone mineral in 495 subjects were assessed by computed tomography (CT) in terms of the Hounsfield number. By means of computer programs available in the CT system, the histograms for the bone were obtained. The peak of this histogram for males increased gradually and reached a plateau beyond 20 years of age, while that for females rose rather steeply from age 0 to age 20 and formed a plateau in the 20s and 30s, then declined precipitously from a value of 1164 +/- 143 to a value of 629 +/- 119 in the 70s and older. In the 20s and 30s, the peak for females was greater than that for males. The total pixel number of this histogram was constant after the 20s. The pixel number of the peak for males made a plateau after the 10s, but that for females showed a similar pattern until the 40s, then increased steeply after the 50s. The peak may reflect calcium concentration of the cranial bone, and therefore the skull of the female may store more calcium than that of the male in the 20s and 30s.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Computed tomography in the diagnosis of fatty liver: total lipid content and computed tomography number.

Fifty-three histologically proved cases of various diffuse liver disease were studied for their computed tomography numbers (CTN). The machine used was Ohio Nuclear's Delta Scanner 50FS type and CTN was expressed by the Hounsfield unit (H). Mean CTN in each group was as follows: 66.6 +/- 2.6 H in normal control (N), 63.3 +/- 6.0 H in chronic hepatitis (CH). 61.8 +/- 7.0 H in liver cirrhosis (LC), and 44.4 +/- 10.6 H in fatty infiltration (FI). There were no significant differences among them except FI group. As N group were all above 60 H and CH and LC groups were all above 50 H, CTN below 60 H suggests chronic liver disease or fatty infiltration and CTN below 50 H strongly suggests fatty infiltration. In eleven cases where total lipid content of the liver could be be biochemically determined by the sulfo-phospho-vanillin reagent, a relation of total lipid content to CTN was studied. As a result, a significant correlation existed between them (r = -0.89; p less than 0.001). If the diagnostic criterion of fatty liver was set at total lipid content above 100 mg/g wet liver, CT criterion was estimated at CTN below 48 H from the regression formula.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1982

[Orbital neurilemmoma originated from the supraorbital nerve: case report].

The patient, 41 years old, female, was admitted to our hospital with the chief complaint of the progressively increasing painless swelling of the right eye. On examination, the right eye slightly protruded compared with the left and upward movement of the right eye was limited. Skull x-ray film (posteroanterior) showed a dome-shaped expansion in the roof of the right orbit. Orbital venogram showed inferior and medial displacement of the P1 and P2 portions and the second segment of the superior ophthalmic vein. CT scan in coronal view showed a tumor in superior par of the right orbit. Operation was performed by subfrontal approach. It was noticed that the supraorbital nerve entered the tumor. The mass, 5 g in weight, was successfully removed. Pathologically, the diagnosis of neurilemmoma was made. Postoperatively, the proptosis diminished and the ocular movements became normal in all directions. Neurilemmoma of the orbit is an uncommon tumor, accounting for only 1.7-5.6% of all orbital tumors. Identifying the original nerve of the tumor has been even rarer. Including this case, there have been only 8 individually reported descriptions. In three cases the tumor originated from the supraorbital nerve, in three cases from the ciliary nerve, in two cases from the infraorbital nerve.

Adult↗