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Biomedical subjects

S Eitner

Publications and source records attributed to S Eitner.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

How do elder people live in the GDR?

The improvement of housing conditions for all citizens including the elder population is the gist of the socio-political programme of the Party of the Working Class, the Council of Ministers and the Confederation of Free German Trade Unions (FDGB). Their activities establish the necessity of starting from the differentiated needs of the population in realizing the complex housing programme. The main substance of geriatrics and gerohygiene makes it imperative to preferably care for those citizens who are in the greatest want of a satisfactory solution of the housing problem. The preferred persons are among others: from the pensioners' 6-8% persons needing care, 10-15% persons who should live in small flats being adequate to elder people, and 6% persons accomplishing the evening of life in apartment houses. The remaining groups should live in their hitherto existing rooms. But this requires services rendered such as neighbourhood assistance, informative advice, medical, social and cultural attendance. The basic principles of a solution of the housing problem until the year 2,000 are as follows. Realization of the fundamental requirements of elder people respecting health, safety, shelter as well as full integration, participation and appreciation of the forming of life of the individual on behalf of the society.

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PubMed1978

[Rehabilitation and gerontology (author's transl)].

The 9th congress of the GDR Society for Rehabilitation was organized jointly with the GDR Society for Gerontology and held from 4 to 6 January 1977. The article outlines observations made at and conclusions derived from this important scientific event. Three major problems were discussed: rehabilitation of chronically ill and handicapped persons of advanced age within the working process as a task for society as a whole; the combination between gerontology and rehabilitation as a result of the change in the age and morbidity structures of economically advanced countries; beginnings and first experience in the field of gerontology-oriented rehabilitation in the GDR and recommendations made by WHO on the planning and organization of geriatric services with special consideration for rehabilitation in advanced age.

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PubMed1978

Preparing for old age: necessity, possibilities, contents, limits.

International findings and our own results in gerohygienic sociogerontological, geriatric, medical epidemiological and psychogerontological research have positively confirmed the need for preparing for old age. Demographic data in the GDR has brought to light the growing need to put the preparation for an active old age into practive making use of research data and of the existing resources. The means of implementing the programme life in the overall resources of our developed socialist society, in our laws, in our well-organized public health system and above all in the industrial health protection service. It is shown that the society's potentials and the industrial health protection service, which operates on a country-wide scale, can have a positive influence on ageing and on life of old people. The ways in which this can be achieved are described. These ways are based on the main medical, psychological and social aspects of preparing for old age. The existing limits must be taken into account when translating the schemes of preparation for old age into practice of socialist health protection. It is indispensable to concentrate on problems of focal importance. The preparation must first benefit factory workers exposed to health hazards. Medical preparation should come first, followed by psychological and social preparation. In the long term, preparation for old age must be integrated into the overall process of education and it must start at school, where it should be integrated into biology and civicx classes. Such a process corresponds to the life-long process of ageing, to socialist principles and to the efforts of the public health system to preserve health, working capacity and joy of living up to a ripe old age.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

[Preparing for old age. (II) (author's transl)].

Looking back on the beginning of the efforts for preparing of working pensioners for activity and creative life in the pensionary there is demonstrated the present state of the request of research for social preparing on age in the socialism. Our new labour law and some results of research of gerohygienic studies show which way for preparing on an active age is further to go.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1978

[Living condition of aging working women in family, marriage, and profession (author's transl)].

Our research has elucidated the important role of family life and intimate sphere for the way of living of women in the conversion phase (40-60 years). It is shown that negative factors lie in too hard housework, in deficiency of help by husband, in familiar conflicts and conflicts of married life, and in unfavourable conditions of employment. The necessity of integrating gerosexualhygiene in measures for preparing for an active and harmonious old age was deduced from our results.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1977

[A healthy and active ageing by preparation and complex care (author's transl)].

Today it is possible and necessary to show the way for a healthy and active ageing under our social conditions. This way means the preparation for the age and the pension. This is only possible by the unit of positive personal attitudes, motivations and behaviour with adequate social planning. There are many examples of the macrobiotic, gerohygiene, geropsychology and sports medicine. There are also results and experiences of the whole life and the effects of extreme situations of the life to take into consideration for the indication for the preparation and complex care. Some methodical theses and postulates for training-programmes for the preparation on age and pension are worked out. Such programmes should be carried out for groups, which are especially endangered by their work: workers and leading works.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Preparing for old age, necessity, ways, content, limits (author's transl)].

International findings and our own results in gerohygienic sociogerontological, geriatric, medical epidemiological and psychogerontological research have positively confirmed the need for preparing for old age. Demographic data in the GDR has brought to light the growing need to put the preparation for an active old age into practive making use of research data and of the existing resources. The means of implementing the programme life in the overall resources of our developed socialist society, in our laws, in our well-organized public health system and above all in the industrial health protection service. It is shown that the society's potentials and the industrial health protection service, which operates on a country-wide scale, can have a positive influence on ageing and on life of old people. The ways in which this can be achieved are described. These ways are based on the main medical, psychological and social aspects of preparaing for old age. The existing limits must be taken into account when translating the schemes of preparation for old age into practice of socialist health protection. It is indispensable to concentrate on problems of focal importance. The preparation must first benefit factory workers exposed to health hazards. Medical preparation should come first, followed by psychological and social preparation. In the long term, preparation for old age must be integrated into the overall process of education and it must start at school, where it should be integrated into biology and civics classes. Such a process corresponds to the life-long process of ageing, to socialist principles and to the efforts of the public health system to preserve health, working capacity and joy of living up to a ripe old age.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Preparation for old age as a problem of planning working and living conditions (author's transl)].

It was shown that preparation for old age is also a problem of planning social processes and consequently a major problem of health and social policy which must be tackled by the society as a whole. Its solution calls for a wide range of activities in the field of organization of work, housing design, nutrition and reproduction of the working capacity. Ways are shown to supplement preparation training programmes.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Problems associated with variable retirement age (author's transl)].

Problems associated with variable retirement age are very topical in all developed industrial countries, both capitalist and socialist ones. Roughly 15 per cent of the population are over 60 and according to statistics, they can expect to live another 15 to 20 years. We cannot fashion the content and the method of varying retirement age by copying them from the capitalist world without a critical analysis. We must give variable retirement age a new content that would correspond to our socialist society. We must give variable basically aimed at enabling people to stay active at old age rather than just retire. In fixing the time at which working life is to end, disposition and exposure criteria must be taken into consideration. Our views on varying retirement age are presented on the basis of recent studies in this field. Their objectives are in full conformity with the fundamental socialist aim fully to integrated the aged and the ageing into normal community life and to make sure that they are given an opportunity to lead a useful life in the economic or social sphere if they wish to do so. This aim is fully in keeping with the fundamental right to work and to a place of work and with the right to integration into social or intellectual and cultural life of the community.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

[Systematic industrial medical observation and care of ageing working people as a means of preparing for retirement age (author's transl)].

The elucidations start out from the "Principles for the continued improvement of medical care of the aged" published in the "Verfüngungen und Mitteilungen des Ministeriums für Gesundheitswesen" in March 1971. A study was made in which people approaching retirement age and people already retired were interviewed and examined according to a set system. These people were then given systematic geriatric observation and care. A catalogue of conditions based on the survey was drawn up. It appears that the main task is to introduce legislation giving people approaching retirement age reasonable working hours adjusted to their diminished working capacity. Such a measure is called for due to the scientifically confirmed fact that elderly people require rehabilitative treatment for which reason they should be given extra time off. Very positive results have been achieved with recreation holidays in the form of prophylactic cures in interprise-owned facilities. There is no reason why people approaching retirement age and those already retired should not be prescribed cures. Paragraph 95 of the Labour Code provides the basis for shortening the daily hours of work intermittently, for introducing temporary single-shift work or for changing over from piece-work to time-wages. Temporary assignment of lighter work can also be arranged. The importance of systematic job analyses and of creating conditions for proper health education and sports for ageing people is emphasized. Industrial medicine reports stress that the advanced age groups should not continue to be neglected. Finally the study states that preparatory measures with regard to changes of places of work of factory workers should be carried out with great care; such measures should be taken already between the ages of 45 and 55.

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PubMed1976

[Aspects of health education connected with the process of preparing for old age (author's transl)].

The essential principles and content of health education and health propaganda connected with preparing production workers for an active old age were sketched. Certain conclusions were drawn for integrating this complex into general health education and health propaganda, which, in the future, must embrace people of all ages in order to prepare them for old age. On the other hand it is important at this point to give priority to health education and health propaganda for factory workers doing relatively hard work or exposed to environments prejudicial to health. The special purpose of our contribution was to deal with some specific aspects the problems considered here.

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