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Biomedical subjects

S Ebihara

Publications and source records attributed to S Ebihara.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Effects of intraventricular injection of anti-DSIP serum on sleep in rats].

Endogenous delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) has not been demonstrated to be necessary for sleep, although the administration of DSIP has been reported to increase sleep in several mammalian species. The purpose of the present study is to examine whether the immunological neutralization of endogenous DSIP in the brain can modulate sleep in unanesthetized rats. A high titer of the rabbit antiserum specific for the C-terminal of DSIP was used. Sixteen male SD rats were chronically implanted with electrodes for EEG and EMG and with a cannula into the lateral ventricle. The rats were injected with anti-DSIP (ADS) or normal rabbit serum as a control at 10 microliter for 10 min immediately before the onset of the light or dark period, and thereafter the polygraphic recordings were performed for a 24-hr period. The records were scored in 30-sec epochs by visual inspection into 3 stages; wakefulness, slow wave sleep (SWS), and paradoxical sleep (PS). ADS exerted no significant effect on the latencies of SWS and PS after injection in the light or dark period. For SWS and PS, neither the distributions measured each 10 min for the first 4 hr nor the hourly distributions for 24 hr were affected by ADS. The first 12-hr amounts of SWS and PS were also unaffected by ADS. These results may suggest the possibility that endogenous DSIP in the cerebrospinal fluid and/or the periventricular tissues is not responsible for sleep.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy].

Several methods for the restoration of voice after total laryngectomy were discussed. The technique of esophageal voice can restore clear and fluent speech, but often requires the long period of training. Alternate methods include artificial devices, such as the electrolarynx and air bypass devices, and some surgical techniques like the tracheoesophageal fistula formation after the Blom-Singer procedure. Surgical procedures of glottoplasty have also been improved, decreasing the severe complications like aspiration. However no methods relieve patients from the great inconvenience of "closing the tracheostoma with the fingers". Exploration of the better surgical techniques and the more efficient artificial devices is necessary, as well as the effort to decrease the number of total laryngectomy by the early diagnosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1985

Radial forearm flap in reconstruction following surgery for head and neck cancers.

The forearm flap developed in China provided a most useful addition to the field of head and neck reconstruction. Because of its thin and pliable components, long and large caliber pedicle vessels and reliable vascularity, etc., we prefer to use the microvascular transfer of this flap for reconstruction of oral, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal regions following cancer ablation and recognize further evidence of the versatility of this flap. In this paper, we describe the techniques of forearm flap transfer and the results of 37 cases experienced between March, 1983 and October, 1984.

Forearm↗
PubMed1985

Correlation between prognosis and degree of lymph node involvement in carcinoma of the head and neck.

The purpose of this report is to discover the correlation between the prognosis and the degree of lymph node involvement in carcinoma of the head and neck. Three hundred and thirty-eight cases of head and neck carcinoma who had undergone neck dissection at the National Cancer Center Hospital from 1962 through 1979 were reviewed and analyzed. The sites of the primary lesions were the oral cavity, larynx, and hypopharynx. Radical whole neck dissection had been performed in 177 cases, partial neck dissection in 97 cases, and bilateral neck dissection in 60 cases. The cervical lymph node metastases from oral cavity carcinoma were mostly confined to L1 and rare in L4 (L-classification by UICC). The prognosis of L4 cases was extremely poor, and thus oral carcinoma cases could be spared posterolateral dissection. The control rate of neck lymph nodes by neck dissection and the prognosis of the patients were influenced by the existence and number of histologically positive nodes. The cervical recurrence rates were 28% of all cases, 11% of histologically negative cases, and 39% of histologically positive cases. Recurrences in the dissected part of the neck were observed in 10% of all cases. The five-year survival rates were 75% of the cases without histologically positive nodes, 35% with histologically positive nodes, 59% with single node metastasis, and 26% with multiple node metastasis.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Pharyngoesophageal reconstruction using a fabricated forearm free flap.

A new microsurgical alternative in reconstruction of the pharynx and cervical esophagus is reported. A trapezoidal forearm flap is fabricated into an inverted skin tube and placed in the pharyngoesophageal defect. Although microvascular anastomoses are required to revascularize the transferred forearm flap, the long and large nutrient vessels of the flap make anastomoses easy and reliable. None of our 12 patients demonstrated any necrosis of the transferred flap. This one-stage, less invasive operation for pharyngoesophageal reconstruction greatly benefits older persons, who are the more likely to be involved with pharyngoesophageal carcinomas.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Repair of stenosed tracheostoma.

A technique to repair the stenosed tracheostoma following total laryngectomy is described along with a brief discussion of some of the factors causing tracheostomal stenosis. Technical details are presented, and the importance of an interruption of the line of circular scar contracture is emphasized.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: immunohistochemical study for keratin, secretory component and leukocyte common antigen.

Immunohistochemical studies using antisera to keratin and secretory component (SC) and monoclonal antibody against leukocyte common antigen (LCA) were performed on 92 biopsy and autopsy specimens taken from 65 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Five biopsy specimens from malignant lymphoma of the nasopharynx and tonsil, and 20 biopsy specimens of nasopharyngeal epithelium were also included in the study. Keratin was positively stained in all squamous cell carcinomas and nonkeratinizing carcinomas, and 38 of 46 undifferentiated carcinomas (82.6%), but in no malignant lymphomas. LCA was intensely stained in all malignant lymphoma, but in no nasopharyngeal carcinomas. SC was positively stained in two of the 46 undifferentiated carcinomas (4.3%). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a definite malignant epithelial neoplasm and can be distinguished from malignant lymphoma by immunostaining for keratin and LCA. Some undifferentiated carcinoma may show cellular differentiation toward ciliated epithelium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Present status and characteristics of the terminal care of dying patients in head and neck cancer].

Sixty-two head and neck cancer patients who died in 1981 and 1982 were analyzed. At the terminal stage, most of the patients could see or feel their tumors by themselves. Seventy-one percent of them were laryngectomized or tracheotomized, so they could not speak, and its was frequently difficult to know what they wanted to say or ask. These 2 facts made the clinical care of these patients difficult. More than half of the families of these patients did not want them to live longer only to be tortured by their disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Cases of head and neck carcinoma detected by sputum cytology--lung cancer screening and head and neck cancer].

Seven cases of head and neck carcinoma are presented. They were first noticed by sputum cytology, which was ordered to check lung cancer because of hemosputum (three cases), or in a general check-up of asymptomatic individuals. None of them had lung cancer, and three were found to have piriform sinus carcinoma, two mesopharynx carcinoma, and two vocal cord carcinoma. All seven cases were histologically diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. Their clinical stages were as follows; T 1 N 0, three cases; T 1 N 1, one case; T 2 N 0, two cases; T 2 N 1, one case (UICC 1978). These cases remind us that positive sputum cytology is not only a sign of lung cancer, but also of other upper aerodigestive tract malignancies. Sputum cytology may be useful for checking asymptomatic head and neck cancer patients, though it is still too costly and time-consuming to be applied to mass screening.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Development of an enzyme immunoassay for delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) and its use in the determination of the metabolic clearance rate of DSIP administered to dogs.

A method for the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) of delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) has been developed and applied to determine the metabolic clearance rate and biological half-life of DSIP administered to dogs. Antisera to DSIP conjugated to bovine serum albumin were raised in rabbits and proved to be specific for the C-terminus of the peptide. DSIP conjugated to horseradish peroxidase served as the labeled antigen in the EIA and enzyme activity was determined by fluorophotometry. The assay sensitivity was approximately 30 pg/ml. 1 or 2 mg of DSIP was injected intravenously into 4 anesthetized dogs and blood was taken at 5-min intervals. Unextracted plasma was subjected to the EIA directly and showed parallel displacement curves to the standards. DSIP was found to have a rapid disappearance with a mean metabolic clearance rate of 30.7 +/- 2.5 ml/kg . min and a mean half-life of 4.0 +/- 0.7 min in the dogs. Additional measurement of the metabolic parameters in a monkey and 3 rats treated similarly revealed a rapid in vivo clearance of DSIP from plasma with a half-life of 2.9 and 2.0 +/- 0.54 min, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Reconstruction of the esophagus by microvascular surgery.

After esophagectomy, free jejunal autografts were used for reconstruction in 11 patients and pedunculated colons in two patients. A microvascular technique was applied immediately after the resection. A vascular anastomosis gave a new blood supply for the free jejunal graft, and in the case of the pedunculated colon gave support to improve circulation. During the grafting procedure, neither cooling nor heparinization was needed. No graft failures have occurred. The main complication of free jejunal grafts was leakage of the proximal anastomosis of the bowel, but all three leakages healed spontaneously. Two supportive vascular anastomoses for the pedunculated colons were effective and caused no complication. All 13 patients could eat regularly at the time of their discharge.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: a case with extensive white matter degeneration and optic atrophy.

A 52-year-old woman is described, whose clinical features were typical of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease except for the presence of optic atrophy. Serial CT scans showed rapid development of brain atrophy early in the course. Postmortem examination revealed extensive degeneration of the cerebral and cerebellar white matter and of the optic nerves in addition to the classic findings of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. It is suggested that both the grey and white matter may undergo a severe destructive process early in the course of the disease, and the possibility is discussed that the white matter involvement is not a result of neuronal loss.

Brain↗