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Biomedical subjects

S Ebihara

Publications and source records attributed to S Ebihara.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Prognostic value of cerebral blood flow autoregulation in the long-term prognosis of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

The correlation between long-term prognosis, cerebral blood flow (CBF) and CBF autoregulation was studied in 34 patients with cerebral infarction (mean age, 64 years). CBF was measured by the nitrous oxide method 1-6 months (mean 87 days) after disease onset. CBF autoregulation was evaluated quantitatively from the Dysautoregulation Index (DI) (delta CBF/delta effective MABP). Reductions in effective MABP were induced with a tilt table. No significant correlation was noted among CBF, DI and activities of daily living at the time of measurement. The patients' physical condition was reevaluated by questionnaire 2 years or more (mean 32 months) later. Better functional state at follow-up was related to higher CBF and lower DI values although the differences were not significant. The relationships among CBF, DI and changes in physical condition during the period were evaluated. The mean CBF values in patients with a better prognosis exceeded those of poor prognosis patients. The CBF values in the group who became independent significantly exceeded those in the group that deteriorated (P less than 0.05). The CBF values in the latter showed small but significant decreases during head-up tilting (P less than 0.05). The DI in this group was significantly higher than in the groups with a less severe outcome (P less than 0.01, P less than 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, determinations of CBF autoregulation, together with flow values, in the chronic state may have some value in predicting the long-term prognosis in cerebral infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Pull-through esophagectomy without thoracotomy.

Twenty patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx, esophagus and thyroid underwent pull-through esophagectomy. Seventeen of them received combined resection of the larynx and trachea. Dissection of the lymph nodes at the upper mediastinum was performed in 11 patients by sternotomy. Seven patients received mediastinal tracheostomy after combined resection of the trachea and the larynx. Pull-through esophagectomy was followed by pharyngogastrostomy without thoracotomy via the posterior mediastinum. This technique is described in detail. Because there is no thoracotomy and ligation of the esophageal vessels is ensured, no pulmonary complications and no massive mediastinal hemorrhages occurred. There were no operative deaths. This operation offers excellent palliation and little morbidity. Moreover, the use of sternotomy and mediastinal tracheostomy for pull-through esophagectomy made it possible to dissect the upper mediastinal lymph nodes, and we could resect the affected trachea with certainty.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Sleep-waking rhythm altered by 2-hour light phase access to food in the rat.

The effects of 2-h restricted feeding (RF, 10.00-12.00 h) on sleep rhythms were examined in 9 male rats on a 12:12 h LD cycle (L 08.00-20.00 h). During the third week of RF, sleep amounts showed a striking reduction during a 4-h period (08.00-12.00 h), and LD differences in SWS and PS amounts were markedly reduced. Hourly sleep amounts showed a bimodal distribution during a 24-h day. Analyses of periodicity of SWS and PS occurrences revealed a dominant 12-h periodicity and a relative diminution of the 24-h one. The appearance of a 12-h rhythm of sleep may be due to an interaction of the two zeitgebers (LD cycles and restricted feeding) and possibly to the timing of RF.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Closure of total cheek defects with two combined myocutaneous free flaps.

Closure of a large, full-thickness defect after radical ablation of advanced cancers in the oropharyngeal region has often presented problems. We designed the one-stage, microsurgical free transfer of two musculocutaneous flaps-the latissimus dorsi flap and the serratus anterior flap-with one common nutrient pedicle formed by the thoracodorsal vessels. The serratus anterior flap was turned into the buccal mucosal defect, while the latissimus dorsi flap was placed in the cheek cutaneous defect. The flaps were then revascularized by anastomosing the nutrient thoracodorsal vessels to the selected recipient vessels. This particular procedure was successfully achieved in two clinical cases with large, full-thickness defects in the cheek. Functional disabilities after removal of two muscles were unexpectedly minimal in both cases.

Cheek↗
PubMed1981

A model of human sleep-related growth hormone secretion in dogs: effects of 3, 6, and 12 hours of forced wakefulness on plasma growth hormone, cortisol, and sleep stages.

Twenty-four canine GH (cGH) and cortisol secretion patterns associated with sleep stages were studied in 10 male adult dogs. Plasma samples were obtained at 30- or 15-min intervals via an indwelling catheter. Under baseline conditions, all dogs showed irregular polyphasic sleep, and the episodic cGH secretion had no apparent relationship with sleep or the light-dark cycle. Five dogs were subjected to regular sleep-wake cycles; 3, 6, and 12 h of forced wakefulness (FW) were repeated at 3-, 6-, and 12-h intervals (recovery sleep periods), respectively. Peak cGH secretion (mean +/- SD, 6.4 ng/ml +/- 2.4) occurred soon after recovery sleep onset in 25 of 40 total recovery periods. The incidence of sleep-onset cGH peaks and cGH secretion during the first hour of recovery sleep significantly increased with the length of the preceding FW, but were not affected by the time of day. Delta wave sleep increased during this hour, suggesting a possible correlation with the sleep-onset cGH peak. During the first 3 h of recovery after 6 and 12 h of FW, cGH secretion was significantly enhanced, but cortisol was not. Considering the characteristics of human sleep-related GH secretion, we suggest that this peak cGH secretion represents a model of human GH secretion. Possibly, a close association of cGH secretion with sleep is concealed under the baseline condition and uncovered by inducing longer sleep-wake cycles in dogs. No circadian cortisol variation was detected under the baseline or the experimental conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the paranasal sinus: a morphological and endocrinological study.

Four cases of small cell carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses were studied histologically, ultrastructurally, and endocrinologically. All tumors showed features of undifferentiated carcinoma with alveolar patterns but without acinar or squamous differentiation and contained cells possessing endocrine-type small secretory granules, which were indistinguishable from non-neoplastic neurosecretory granules. The three cases also possessed a small number of microtubules, and in one of these fine cytoplasmic filaments were observed. One case showed elevated plasma levels of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone associated with adrenocortical hyperplasia and Crooke's changes of the pituitary gland. Another case showed hypercalcemia with bone metastasis, hypercalcitonemia with a high content of calcitonin in the tumor tissue, calcitonin-positive tumor cells, and C-cell hyperplasia of the thyroid. It was concluded that all four cases should be called neuroendocrine carcinoma, which might be related to neoplasms derived from amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation cell series rarely encountered in the paranasal sinuses.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

[Gamma dose estimation to the gastric wall after administration of a capsule containing a large dose of 131I (author's transl)].

Gamma dose to the gastric wall from a capsule containing 1.85 GBq (50 mCi) of 131I was estimated in 6 patients who had received total thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma some years before. The tests were done with a 37 MBq (1 mCi) capsule each in 5 patiens and with a 185 MBq (5 mCi) capsule in one patient. All the patients were requested to fast in the morning. The capsule was given with a glass of water (200 ml). Then, the patient kept supine position under the scintillation camera for a period of one hour except one patient on whom the test was suspended at 30 minutes because of early clearance of the radioactivity from the stomach. In one of 5 patients who were tested for a period of one hour, serial scinticamera images showed almost no movement and minimum dissolution of the capsule. The remaining 4 patients showed slight to moderate movements of the capsules with a variety of dissolution speeds. Data processings were done by Scintipac-1200. The estimated doses at the distance of 0.5 cm from the source were 3.820, 2.074, 1.445, 1.154 and 1.462 grays (382.0, 207.4, 144.5, 115.4 and 146.2 rads) per initial one hour and 375 mGy (37.5 rad) per initial 30 minutes, respectively. From these data, it is thought to be wise to advise the patient to rotate or shake the body on bed occasionally after swallowing the capsules containing a large dose of 131I for the treatment of thyroid cancer. It is also desirable to recommend the patient to walk around even though the controlled patient's room is small. Additional water may be also meaningful to avoid unnecessary irradiation to the gastric wall.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

An automatic device for forced wakefulness in dogs.

An automatic device is described which maintains sustained wakefulness of 12 h or more in dogs with chronically implanted electrodes for sleepwaking recording. The procedure consists of automatic sleep detection using EEG, EMG and body movement (BM), and of avoidance conditioning to arouse the animal with sound as conditioned stimulus, and with electroshock as unconditioned stimulus. The procedure does not disturb feeding, drinking and freely moving, and is not associated with forced exercise, or with a marked stress reaction as measured with cortisol and growth hormone. These advantages enable us to maintain 12 h of forced wakefulness in the same animal for 7 or more consecutive days.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[A case of bilateral spontaneous external carotid-cavernous fistulae with intrahepatic gallbladder (author's transl)].

A 55-year-old female presented bilateral external ophthalmoplegias and a hypesthesia in the left face and then an intracranial bruit, bilateral conjunctival injections and bilateral chemosis. In her past history, there were right retinal hemorrhage, diabetes mellitus and hypertension but no cranial trauma. The arteriographical aspects were almost identical in both sides: selective external carotid arteriography revealed an opacification of the cavernous sinus through the ascending pharyngeal artery, the accessory meningeal artery and the middle meningeal artery, but the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries did not participate in these fistulae. The association in our case of spontaneous external carotid-cavernous fistulae with intrahepatic gallbladder derived from a developmental arrest in the early stage of embryonic life suggests that spontaneous external carotid-cavernous fistula is derived from communications between extra-cranial vessels and the sinuses in the early stage of embryonic life.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗