Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S E Jones

Publications and source records attributed to S E Jones.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Prehospital intravenous line placement: a prospective study.

We prospectively measured the on-scene time, transport time, and IV line starting time for 97 patients receiving paramedic care in an urban region during an 18-month period. The overall success rate for IV line placement was 91%, and the average successful IV line starting time was 2.5 minutes. En route IV line attempts had similar success rates and starting times. The on-scene IV line starting times were shorter than the transport times in 86% of patients. We conclude that definitive IV line medical therapy, when available, can be delivered effectively by paramedics at the scene. We also conclude that en route IV line placement is feasible in trauma victims.

California↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of a new inorganic membrane filter (Anopore) with a track-etched polycarbonate membrane filter (Nuclepore) for direct counting of bacteria.

Bacterial counts obtained by using a new Anopore inorganic membrane filter were 21 to 33% higher than those obtained by using a Nuclepore polycarbonate membrane filter. In addition, the inorganic filter had higher flow rates, permitting lower vacuum pressures to be used, while the intrinsically flat, rigid surface resulted in easier focusing and sharp definition of bacteria across the whole field of view.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1989

Phase II trial of outpatient interleukin-2 in malignant lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and selected solid tumors.

High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) with or without lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells has been reported to have activity in certain solid tumors, but toxicity has usually required hospitalization for administration. The purpose of this trial was to determine the antineoplastic effect and toxicity of IL-2 administered at a lower dose in an outpatient setting. Eligibility criteria included measurable disease, Karnofsky performance greater than or equal to 70%, age greater than 18 years, and adequate bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function. The median age of 35 patients was 56 years (range, 20 to 75). Diagnoses included malignant lymphoma (ML), (nine patients), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (eight), melanoma (eight), colorectal cancer (six), renal cancer (two), and breast cancer (two). The initial 18 patients were treated with 1 mg/m2 (3 x 10(6) U/m2 intravenous [IV] bolus) for five days every other week for a total of 4 treatment weeks (8 weeks total). The subsequent 17 patients were treated with 0.5 mg/m2 (1.5 x 10(6) U/m2). All patients were evaluable for toxicity, and 26 for tumor response. Toxicities included fatigue (71%), nausea (69%), hypotension (54%), fever (51%), chills (40%), weight gain (37%), pruritus or rash (31%), dyspnea (14%), azotemia (6%), confusion (6%), thrombocytopenia (6%), and myocardial infarction (3%). Four patients died from apparently unrelated causes within the first 2 weeks of treatment. Treatment was discontinued before the completion of 8 weeks of treatment because of progressive disease (12 patients), severe hypotension (three), azotemia (one), myocardial infarction (one), early death (four), and miscellaneous causes (two). IL-2 at 1 mg/m2 IV for five days is associated with moderate toxicity, but a dose of 0.5 mg/m2 is tolerable for outpatient administration. Three partial responses (PR) and one minor response (MR) lasting 1 to 17+ months have been observed in 12 patients with ML and CLL evaluable for response. One additional MR was observed in a patient with melanoma. IL-2 deserves further study in patients with ML and CLL.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Long-term follow-up and analysis for prognostic factors for patients with limited-stage diffuse large-cell lymphoma treated with initial chemotherapy with or without adjuvant radiotherapy.

In order to assess long-term outcome of patients with localized (stage I or II) diffuse large-cell lymphoma treated with initial combination chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) with or without involved-field radiotherapy following chemotherapy, we combined data from two prospective trials in Tucson (64 patients) and Vancouver (78 patients). Follow-up on 142 patients was updated and a variety of potential pretreatment prognostic factors were analyzed for impact on outcome. One hundred forty patients (99%) achieved a complete remission and there were no differences in outcome between institutions. Twenty-three patients have relapsed and 22 have died from lymphoma at a median follow-up of 4.4 years, resulting in an overall relapse-free survival of 82% at 5 years. There was no treatment-related mortality and were no instances of late cardiac toxicity or leukemia. Of the following potential pretreatment prognostic factors (age, stage, "B" symptoms, extranodal disease, gastrointestinal tract involvement, bulky disease, or disease above or below the diaphragm), only stage affected relapse-free survival (RFS) (P = .16) and survival (.003). Among 34% of patients over age 65, outcome was similar to younger patients. RFS for 108 patients treated with CHOP plus radiotherapy was not significantly superior to the use of CHOP alone in 34 patients (P = .2).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Early cortical plate specific glycoprotein in a marsupial species belongs to the same family as fetuin and alpha 2HS glycoprotein.

Two related glycoproteins, fetuin in species of the order Artiodactyla (cattle, sheep, pig) and alpha 2HS glycoprotein in the human [(1987) Cell Tissue Res. 248, 33-41] have a very specific distribution in the developing brain. We have isolated and determined the first 15 N-terminal residues of a similarly distributed glycoprotein in the developing brain of the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii). The degree of homology is the same between wallaby glycoprotein and alpha 2HS glycoprotein as between fetuin and alpha 2HS glycoprotein (46%). Antibodies made to synthetic peptides of fetuin were used to identify the wallaby glycoprotein. A polyclonal antibody to the purified glycoprotein was used for immunocytochemical identification of brain cells positive for this protein.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

The effect of prior adjuvant chemotherapy on survival in metastatic breast cancer.

Some adjuvantly treated patients develop recurrent breast cancer and little is known about the effect of prior adjuvant chemotherapy on subsequent response rates to systemic therapy or on overall survival. We describe our retrospective comparison of 179 patients who received doxorubicin containing adjuvant chemotherapy and developed recurrent breast cancer on University of Arizona Cancer Center clinical trials with 202 non-adjuvantly treated patients entered onto clinical protocols for recurrent or metastatic breast cancer during the same period. Adjuvant failures had a shorter median survival from the date of onset of recurrent disease (18 months versus 28 months, P less than 0.001), a lower response rate to initial combination chemotherapy (38% versus 69%, P = 0.001), and a high incidence of CNS involvement at the time of relapse (11%). In patients having recurrent or metastatic breast cancer, a history of prior adjuvant chemotherapy appears to identify a subgroup who will have a higher incidence of CNS involvement, a lower response rate to chemotherapy and a shorter survival with metastatic disease. These findings may help explain the failure of improved relapse free survival seen in many adjuvant chemotherapy trials to result in improved overall survival.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Phase I trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, epirubicin and 5-fluorouracil (CEF) for stage II breast cancer.

Epirubicin is a new anthracycline with a potentially more favorable toxicity profile than the parent compound, doxorubicin. Accordingly, the feasibility and toxicity of 6 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide (C), epirubicin (E), and 5-fluorouracil (F) were assessed in 10 patients with Stage 2 (node positive) breast cancer. Doses of C and F were 600 mg/m2 and E was 75 mg/m2. Moderate granulocytopenia (median count = 610/mm3) occurred on day 14 of the first 21 day treatment course and was the main toxicity encountered with treatment, although there were no episodes of granulocytopenic fever. Grade 3 or 4 vomiting occurred in 40% and significant alopecia in 30% of patients. Four patients experienced transient asymptomatic decreases in calculated radionuclide cardiac ejection fraction of greater than or equal to 10% but no signs or symptoms of cardiac failure were observed. If epirubicin proves to be less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin, this combination would merit further evaluation as potential adjuvant therapy for early breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Southwest Oncology Group clinical trials for intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

The Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) began testing doxorubicin-containing combination chemotherapy in 1972 using the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone (CHOP) regimen. Subsequent studies, including 350 patients followed for up to 13.3 years, demonstrated that CHOP was curative in 32% of advanced stage, diffuse large cell lymphomas. More recently, promising results from several institutions suggest that new combinations including methotrexate, bleomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, dexamethasone (m-BACOD), prednisone, methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine, methotrexate (ProMACE-CytaBOM), and methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, bleomycin (MACOP-B) may be superior to CHOP as gauged by complete response (CR) rates. Consequently, the SWOG developed a strategy to compare these regimens directly with CHOP. In 1984 the SWOG began testing these regimens in sequential group-wide phase II trials to confirm therapeutic activity, establish feasibility with regard to toxicity in a cooperative group setting, and gain experience using the complex schedules and dose-modification schemes. Those phase II studies have been completed, and preliminary results indicate that these regimens are active (CR rates, 53% to 65%) and feasible to administer in a cooperative group setting (fatal toxicity, 2% to 6%). We conclude that these three drug regimens can be administered safely in a cooperative group setting, and the CR rates support the current SWOG comparative trial using CHOP as the standard treatment arm.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of different trials of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage II breast cancer using a natural history data base.

Prognostic factors and treatment were analyzed for 2,578 patients to assess the impact of various forms of adjuvant chemotherapy on the natural history of operable stage II (node-positive) breast cancer. The outcome after surgery alone (or with radiotherapy) was determined in 1,014 patients in the natural history data base (NHDB). Adjuvant chemotherapy consisted of L-phenylalanine mustard (L-PAM; 130 patients); cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF; 645 patients); doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC; 241 patients); CMF plus vincristine and prednisone (CMFVP; 263 patients); and 5-fluorouracil plus AC (FAC; 285 patients). L-PAM had minimal effect on relapse-free survival (RFS) compared to the NHDB, but all combination chemotherapy programs significantly improved RFS and survival compared to the NHDB. In women with 1-3 positive nodes, all combination chemotherapy programs produced similar results. In women with 4-9 positive nodes, the FAC regimen appeared to be associated with superior RFS compared to other programs, but all were superior to the NHDB. In women with 10 or more positive nodes, FAC was the only regimen associated with improved RFS. The use of a NHDB and known pretreatment characteristics, such as nodal status and tumor size, permits comparison of patients at similar risk of recurrence of breast cancer who have received adjuvant chemotherapy and provides leads for evaluation in future prospective clinical trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Development and use of a natural history data base of breast cancer studies.

Pretreatment information, type of treatment, and longitudinal follow-up on 1,971 patients with operable breast cancer were used to establish a breast cancer natural history data base (NHDB). Data were available for 957 patients with stage I (node-negative) breast cancer and 1,014 stage II (node-positive) patients. In women with negative nodes, information was available on 759 patients treated at the Milan National Cancer Institute and 188 patients treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital. After adjustment for differences in the distribution of patient prognostic factors, relapse-free survival and overall survival were not significantly different. Of the 1,014 node-positive patients, 540 were treated at the Milan National Cancer Institute, 258 at the Royal Marsden, and 216 at the M. D. Anderson Hospital. Relapse-free survival and overall survival did not significantly differ between Milan patients and those treated at the Royal Marsden Hospital. However, M. D. Anderson Hospital patients did have significantly better relapse-free and overall survival. In each institution, outcome was consistently most dependent on the number of involved axillary lymph nodes and tumor size. Also, similar patterns of survival were observed for each of the institutions. The development of an NHDB can be of value in the identification and evaluation of consistency of prognostic factors, permitting improved comparisons between clinical trials. The development of such a natural history data base (NHDB) provides a reference for assessing the impact of different adjuvant chemotherapy programs, and aids in the design of new protocols.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunohistological detection of Legionella pneumophila in lung sections.

Immunohistology was used for the detection of Legionella pneumophila serogroup I in necropsy tissue. Study of pneumonic lung from the recent Stafford outbreak has shown that this technique has a high sensitivity. A retrospective postmortem examination showed that L pneumophila serogroup 1 was an unusual cause of pneumonia in Oxfordshire during the study period. L pneumophila serogroup 1 can be successfully subgrouped, using a panel of monoclonal antibodies on formalin fixed paraffin embedded sections. Immunohistological methods have a potentially useful role in the diagnosis of Legionellosis at postmortem examination and in the epidemiological investigation of individual cases and outbreaks.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Southwest oncology group clinical trials for intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Previous studies have established CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) as the standard of comparison for treatment programs for patients with advanced stages of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Three sequential CHOP studies conducted by the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) showed a complete remission (CR) rate of 53% for 418 patients. This rate did not vary among the three studies. Median age was over 55 years. Relapse-free survival of CRs plateaued at 4 to 5 years. Approximately 21% of all patients in the first study and 33% of all patients in the following two studies are long-term survivors and presumed cured. Survival was clearly a function of patient age. Approximately 45% of all patients under age 55 at the time of treatment are cured by CHOP chemotherapy. To determine the toxicity, CR rate, and patient survival of m-BACOD (methotrexate, bleomycin, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, dexamethasone), ProMACE-CytaBOM (prednisone, methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine, methotrexate), and MACOP-B (methotrexate, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisone, bleomycin), SWOG initiated a series of phase II studies. Of 118 eligible patients in the m-BACOD study, the median age of 85 patients treated with the full-dose regimen was 54 years, while the median age of 33 patients who started therapy at reduced doses was 67 years. Fatal toxicity was observed in 6% of patients receiving full doses and 13% of those receiving reduced doses. Life-threatening toxicity occurred in 31% of patients on the full-dose regimen and 34% on the reduced-dose regimen. CR was 65% for full-dose treatment, but 27% for reduced doses.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Isotretinoin and cutaneous helper T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides).

Retinoids, including isotretinoin, have demonstrated antiproliferative and antineoplastic activity in laboratory and clinical trials. In a phase II trial, 25 patients with extensive mycosis fungoides were evaluated for response to isotretinoin. There was a 44% (11 patients) objective clinical response rate with three clinical complete responses without concomitant evidence of pathologic clearing of the disease. An additional 24% (six patients) showed a minor degree of clinical improvement. The median time to response was two months (range, 0.5 to eight months) and the median response duration was eight months or longer (range, one to 25 months). Chronic toxic reactions consisted primarily of drying of the skin and mucous membranes and resulted in dose reduction in the majority of patients. It is concluded that isotretinoin produces significant clinical benefit to some patients with mycosis fungoides.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Bisantrene hydrochloride in gastric adenocarcinoma: a Southwest Oncology Group Study.

Because "the standard" chemotherapy for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma, the FAM combination of 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and mitomycin, is only minimally effective, there is a clear need for other choices. Therefore, the Southwest Oncology Group tested the new adriamycin analog, bisantrene, hoping that it might be more effective than the "parent drug." Twenty-six patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were treated on a program of every-3-week 2-hour bisantrene infusions. The starting dose was 260 mg/m2 (208 if poor risk), with subsequent doses based on prior toxicity. The regimen caused sufficient toxicity (especially local phlebitis with pain and swelling) to assure an adequate test. One person (3.8% of eligible patients) experienced a clinically useful 3-month response. He had previously had progressive disease on FAM. Nevertheless, we conclude that bisantrene is not an addition to the small list of drugs useful in the management of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Phase II trial of esorubicin (4' deoxydoxorubicin) in cancers of the breast, colon, kidney, lung and melanoma.

A phase II trial of esorubicin (4' deoxydoxorubicin) was performed in patients with cancers of the breast, colon, kidney, lung and melanoma. Two partial responses were observed out of 16 patients with breast cancer treated with esorubicin. No objective responses (complete or partial) were seen in patients with colon cancer (18 patients), lung cancer (12 patients), renal cell cancer (12 patients) and melanoma (18 patients). Myelo-suppression was the most significant toxicity encountered with granulocytopenia (neutrophils less than 1,000) observed in 38% of patients. As discussed, we feel that further investigation of esorubicin in anthracycline-sensitive tumors is warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

A phase II study of bisantrene in malignant lymphomas. A Southwest Oncology Group Study.

Forty evaluable patients with malignant lymphoma (ML) were treated with bisantrene at a dose of 260 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (18 patients) or 208 mg/m2 every 3 weeks (22 patients). The initial dose rate was determined on the basis of expected myelosuppression. Patients were heavily pretreated and had advanced disease (92% had stage IV). The overall response rate was 10% and included 1 partial response (PR) in 17 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), 1 PR and 1 complete response (CR) in 5 patients with favorable histology in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and 1 PR in 18 patients with unfavorable histology in NHL. Neutropenia (WBC less than or equal to 3000 cells/microliter) was the most common toxicity, occurring in 50% of patients. Phlebitis was a common side effect in patients treated with bisantrene administered by way of peripheral veins. Bisantrene has limited activity in heavily pretreated patients with HD or unfavorable histology in NHL. The role of bisantrene for treatment of NHL with favorable histology or for treatment at an earlier point in the natural history of ML is unknown.

Anthracenes↗