[Antibody-producing cells in human periapical granulomas and cysts].
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
S Dreizen
Publications and source records attributed to S Dreizen.
Chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis in adult leukemia.
Oral mucositis directly attributable to antileukemia chemotherapy occurs in almost 20% of adults undergoing such treatment. Although the mucositis is self-limited when uncomplicated by infection, the attendant extreme discomfort may produce physical and psychologic obstructions to continued anticancer treatment. Because of the ever-present risk of serious infection, drug-induced stomatitis constitutes a threat to the patient that must be kept under constant surveillance and control.
Adult↗
Dental caries and Streptococcus mutans prevalence in cancer patients with irradiation-induced xerostomia: 1-13 years after radiotherapy.
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Adolescent↗
Relationship between saliva and serum agglutination titers and post-irradiation caries activity in cancer patients.
Agglutination titers in 444 saliva and 481 serum samples from 36 head and neck cancer patients and 16 control subjects were determined against formalinized cellular antigens of Streptococcus and Lactobacillus species. Saliva agglutination titers were significantly higher in cancer patients before radiotherapy than in control subjects. Changes in specific saliva agglutination titers to oral isolates following radiotherapy reflected changes in saliva IgA and post-irradiation caries activity. Patients with no post-irradiation caries activity had significantly higher saliva agglutination titers to S. mutans, S. sanguis, and L. fermenti, lower plaque S. mutans counts, and higher saliva IgA levels than those with post-irradiation caries activity. Serum agglutination titers were unrelated to either serum immunoglobulin levels, microbial counts, or caries activity.
Adolescent↗
Effects of a single application of sodium fluoride gel on dental plaque acidogenesis.
Quantitative comparisons of the lactate and acetate produced by human dental plaque in vitro and in situ were made before and after five-minute exposures to 1% NaF gel. Assays included total ionic plaque fluoride by a fluoride electrode, L(+)- and D(-)-lactate by an enzyme method, and acetate by a standard GLC procedure. A single topical application of NaF gel increased plaque fluoride about eight-fold. Six hours after gel use, plaque fluoride had declined to about 20% above pretreatment levels. Plaque fluoride baseline levels and variation between and within subjects were greater than expected. This may have been due largely to non-standardized oral hygiene practice and/or the routine use of fluoride dentifrices and the wide variation in the natural fluoride content of drinking water. Fluoride gel use significantly reduced L(+)-lactate in vitro, but D(-)-lactate and acetate were virtually unaffected. Conversely, gel use significantly inhibited the in situ production of each of these acids. The findings of this study indicate that topically applied fluoride gel impairs plaque acidogenesis to an extent that could be meaningful in preventing dental caries.
Acetates↗
Immunoglobulin class of agglutinins to oral microorganisms in post-irradiation cancer patients.
Fractionation of serum samples from head and neck cancer patients and their assay for agglutination activity toward oral microorganisms showed that the activity was derived from IgG, 7S IgA, 10S (dimeric) IgA, and IgM, with considerable activity in the 10S IgA region. These findings probably account for the lack of a significant relationship among levels of individual serum immunoglobulins, agglutination titers, and caries activity presented in an earlier study. Conversely, most of the agglutinating activity in fractionated saliva was attributed to 11S IgA, presumably secretory IgA, with some activity from a 19S substance and, in the caries-active patients, from a higher molecular weight factor. These data correspond to positive correlations between saliva IgA levels, agglutination titers, and absence of caries in these patients.
Agglutination Tests↗
Superficial head and neck metastases in adults with widespread cancer.
In this study of 1,782 adult patients with disseminated malignancies, superficial soft tissue cervicocephalic metastases developed in about 1 in 20. In only six patients was the primary tumor located in the head or neck, and in one of these did it involve the skin or oral mucosa. In each instance the intraoral or extraoral soft tissue metastases were clearly apparent on physical examination. Biopsy should be performed on every newly formed persistent mucocutaneous lump or bump in the head and neck to rule out not only local tumor but metastasis from remote primary lesions.
Carcinoma↗
Fluoride resistance and adherence of selected strains of Streptococcus mutans to smooth surfaces after exposure to fluoride.
The fluoride resistance and smooth surface adherence characteristics of Streptococcus mutans were examined using tooth model and radioactive cell assays. Resistance to 600 ppmF by S. mutans isolated from the plaque of radiation-induced xerostomia patients receiving daily topical applications of a caries preventive 1% NaF gel was transient. Resistance induced in vitro in two strains of S. mutans by exposure to gradually increasing levels of NaF was apparently permanent. Smooth surface adherence by both fluoride-sensitive and -resistant strains of S. mutans 6715 in a tooth model system was slightly diminished by 1% NaF gel. Fluoride-resistant strains retained 89 to 93% of their adherence capability in 600 ppmF, as determined by the cell radiolabeling assay.
Adhesiveness↗
Effect of sodium fluoride on the viability and growth of Streptococcus mutans.
A fluoride-sensitive (FS) strain of Streptococcus mutans and a laboratory-induced fluoride-resistant (FR) offspring were compared for the effects of sodium fluoride on viability and growth. There was a significant fluoride-related loss of viability in resting cell suspensions of the FS strain during a 47-hour exposure to fluoride levels above 75 ppm that was not encountered with the FR strain. The addition of 300 ppmF to actively growing six-hour broth cultures almost totally arrested the growth of the FS strain, while only slightly reducing that of the FR culture. The addition of 600 ppmF immediately terminated FS growth, and greatly reduced the rate and maximum growth of FR cultures.
Cell Division↗
Unusual mucocutaneous infections in immunosuppressed patients with leukemia.
Patients with leukemia may become severely infected with usually nonpathogenic organisms and are also prey to infection in unusual sites and by unusual organisms.. Every organism isolated from such a patient must be considered a potential enemy, regardless of its pathogenic reputation, and evidence of infection must be sought.
Anti-Infective Agents↗
Oral complications of bone marrow transplantation in adults with acute leukemia.
In recent years bone marrow transplantation has become increasingly feasible for treating adult acute leukemia unresponsive to chemotherapy. However, the technique is not without significant intrinsic morbidity. The mouth is a singularly sensitive reflector of the cytotoxic, infectious, and hemorrhagic complications and of the graft-vs-host reactions associated with bone marrow transplantation in refractory acute leukemia.
Bacterial Infections↗
Nutrition and the immune response -- a review.
This compacted overview of the nutrition-immune response connection underscores the role of nutrition as a deterrent to infection. Malnutrition enhances the propensity to and heightens the intensity of infections by weaknening the various host defense mechanisms. Thus: 1. Deficiencies of vitamin A, niacin, riboflavin, folic acid, vitamin B12, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, iron and protein disrupt the tissue barriers to infection. 2. Protein-calorie, folate, iron, pyridoxine and zinc deprivations markedly depress the cell-mediated immune system. 3. Deficiencies of protein, pyridoxine, folic acid, pantothenic acid, thiamine, biotin, riboflavin, niacin-tryptophan, vitamin A and ascorbic acid inhibit humoral antibody formation in mammalian systems. 4. Vitamin A lack prevents the formation of lacrimal, salivary and sweat gland lysozymes. 5. Complement, properdin, interferon and transferrin concentrations are reduced in those nutritional deficiencies that interfere with protein synthesis. 6. Protein-calorie, iron and folate deficiencies impair phagocytosis by interfering with phagocyte microbial killing power or with phagocyte production. 7. Protein, ascorbic acid and zinc deficiencies retard wound healing that prevents spread of infectious lesions.
Animals↗
Stomatotoxic manifestations of cancer chemotherapy.
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Antineoplastic Agents↗
Diet-induced arteriopathies in the rabbit aorta and oral vasculature.
Advanced atherosclerosis in the form of fibro-fatty intimal plaques has been produced in the rabbit aorta and oral vasculature (labial, lingual, gingival, palatal, periodontal and alveolar arteries) by dietary means. The animals were fed a hypercholesteremic diet and a normocholesteremic diet on alternate months for two years. In the aorta and in many of the oral vessels, the formation of the intimal atheromas was paralleled by a degeneration of the tunica media. The lingual arteries rivaled the aorta and coronary arteries in vulnerability to the diet-induced arteriopathies.
Animals↗
Pathogenesis of adjuvant-induced destructive periodontitis in marmosets.
The histologic reaction of the marmoset periodontium to a single intragingival injection of CFA was followed sequentially over a 2-week period. The earliest lesions were nonspecific and similar to IFA-induced responses. After 4 days the CFA-produced lesions were markedly destructive of periodontal bone, whereas the IFA reaction was not, indicating that the alveolar bone destruction that stemmed form the CFA injection may have been immunologically mediated.
Animals↗
Oral complications of cancer radiotherapy.
Injury to surrounding tissues during radiotherapy for oral cancer can have devastating physical and psychologic consequences for the patient. Oral complications include xerostomia, dental decay, mucositis, taste loss, osteoradionecrosis, infection, and trismus. In many instances, these problems can be eradicated or controlled with appropriate treatment.
Adult↗
Monkey models in dental research.
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Animals↗