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Biomedical subjects

S D Stephens

Publications and source records attributed to S D Stephens.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Different patterns of harmonics in frequency-following responses.

Preliminary studies (Krogh et al., 1977) indicated pronounced intersubject differences with respect to harmonic distortion in the frequency-following responses (FFRs) elicited by high intensity, low frequency stimuli and recorded by means of surface electrodes from man. In the present investigation it was confirmed that the responses from 10 test subjects could be divided into three significantly different patterns on the basis of the relative amplitudes of the fundamental (first harmonic) and the second harmonic response component as measured by spectral analyses. In three of the subjects the ratio of the fundamental to the second harmonic was greater than 10 dB (which were termed a type I response). In five, the ratio was between 0 and 10 dB (type II response) and in two the second harmonic was equal to or greater than the fundamental (type III response). The possible causes of harmonic distortion if FFRs are discussed, but not definite explanation of the interindividual differences can be given. A psychoacoustical evaluation of the second harmonic distortion using a tone-on-tone octave masking technique (TOM) showed no correlation between TOM results and FFR type in 10 subjects.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1981

Audiological rehabilitation: management Model I.

Techniques used in audiological rehabilitation are developing at a rapid rate. These have not yet been brought together in a comprehensive procedural model. This paper depicts such a model of the rehabilitative process. It is broad and general and independent of setting or philosophy. It incorporates instrumental and non-instrumental components and considers sequencing and interaction of various procedures. Hearing aids are treated as only one segment of instrumental assistance. The model is a first approximation to what is considered to be a highly detailed process. It should stimulate discussion which will lead to modification as well as elaboration.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed1980

Evaluating the problems of the hearing impaired.

Approaches to evaluating the problems of hearing-impaired patients are discussed in the context of an open-ended problem questionnaire, handicap scales and personality measures. Some baseline data are presented for the problem questionnaire. A comparison between different handicap scales used in the English language is made. A presentation of the personality scores of a hearing-impaired population is given. The importance of using these three approaches together, rather than in isolation, is emphasised.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1980

Attention, eye closure and the acoustic reflex.

The first part of this study considered the effects of differing states of attention on the acoustic reflex response. Tasks directing attention towards and away from the acoustic stimuli were compared with a neutral task. A significant reduction in reflex response magnitude was associated with the task directing attention away from the stimulus. The stimulus-directing task did not significantly affect the acoustic reflex response. The second part of the study investigated the effect of eye closure on the acoustic reflex response. The results showed an increase in reflex response magnitude with eye closure but not with darkness alone. This implied that the increase was associated with the muscular effort involved in eye closure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The use of an open-ended problems questionnaire in auditory rehabilitation.

The roles of an open-ended problems questionnaire are described. The results are presented for the first 500 consecutive responses obtained with such a questionnaire. These emphasise the qualitative importance of difficulties in conversation and the commonest of problems with hearing the radio or television.

Communication↗
PubMed1979

David Edward Hughes and his audiometer.

A brief biography of David Edward Hughes is outlined. His Audiometer and its presentation are described. The response of clinicians to the device is discussed.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1979

Some tuning fork tests revisited.

The Weber, Rinne and Bing tests were examined in normally hearing and hearing impaired subjects, using different techniques. The Weber test was found to be most sensitive and reliable with the tuning fork stem placed on the upper incisors. The Rinne tests showed a transition point from Rinne positive to negative at 19 dB when performed using the normal loudness comparison technique and at 24 dB with a threshold comparison technique. The Bing test with the tuning fork placed either on the mastoid or the vertex showed a transition point from Bing positive to negative at approximately 9 dB air-bone gap.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Aural rehabilitation of hearing-impaired adults (official policy of the British Society of Audiology).

This report, which outlines the official policy of the British Society of Audiology on the aural rehabilitation of hearing impaired adults, (a) estimates the prevalence of hearing impairment in adults in the United Kingdom; (b) identifies the main problems associated with hearing impairment in adults; (c) outlines the main aural rehabilitative procedures and (d) puts forward recommendations for future developments in this area.

Adult↗