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Biomedical subjects

S D Moss

Publications and source records attributed to S D Moss.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Intrauterine growing skull fracture.

Growing skull fractures with development of leptomeningeal cysts are rare complications of head injuries and have not been described in the perinatal period. The case history of a newborn with bilateral parietal fractures and the formation of a leptomeningeal cyst on one side detected at birth is presented. The importance of radiographic evaluation, including skull films, computered tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, as well as the associated subarachnoid cyst and the age of presentation are discussed.

Arachnoid Cysts↗
PubMed1988

Pediatric cerebral abscess.

Fifty-four consecutive cases of children with cerebral abscess from 1958 to 1987 are reviewed. Their average age was 6.6 years, ranging from 3 days to 19 years. A wide range of organisms and underlying diseases was encountered. The predominant mode of surgical therapy was craniotomy with resection of the abscess. Aspiration and craniotomy with drainage-evacuation were also employed in our series. No underlying disease was found in 10 (19%) of the children. Cyanotic heart disease (CHD) was present in 13 (24%) of the children. Four children had dental abscesses and 1 had otitis media. Seven (13%) children had abscesses secondary to hydrocephalus/shunt infections. Sinusitis and otitis accounted for 5 cases (9%). Four children (7%) had tuberculomas. One abscess was associated with a nasal dermal sinus and one was congenital. Fourteen (26%) patients had negative cultures. Fourteen (26%) abscesses contained streptococci of various types. Staphylococci were found in only 5 (9%) of the abscesses. The congenital abscess was caused by salmonella. Two abscesses (7%) were fungal. Both of these patients died. Six children (11%) were treated without surgical intervention. Three of them died. Forty-eight children had surgical intervention; 12 underwent aspiration, 14 underwent open evacuation of the abscess, and 22 had abscesses resected. Mortality in the aspiration group was twice that of the evacuation or resection group (17, 7 and 9%), respectively). The factor which correlated best with mortality was the patient's clinical status on admission. The advent of CT scan at our facility improved mortality by facilitating accurate diagnosis and surgical intervention. Overall mortality rates decreased from 31 to 5.7% and surgical mortality fell from 21 to 2.9%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Radiation-induced meningiomas in pediatric patients.

Radiation-induced meningiomas rarely have latency periods short enough from the time of irradiation to the clinical presentation of the tumor to present in the pediatric patient. Three cases of radiation-induced intracranial meningiomas in pediatric patients are presented. The first involved a meningioma of the right frontal region in a 10-year-old boy 6 years after the resection and irradiation of a 4th ventricular medulloblastoma. Review of our pediatric tumor cases produced a second case of a left temporal fossa meningioma presenting in a 15-year-old boy with a history of irradiation for retinoblastoma at age 3 years and a third case of a right frontoparietal meningioma in a 15-year-old girl after irradiation for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Only three cases of meningiomas presenting in the pediatric age group after radiation therapy to the head were detected in our review of the literature.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Congenital supratentorial and infratentorial peripheral neurogenic tumor: a clinical, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical study.

Congenital neoplasms of the central nervous system are extremely rare, although they have been well documented since the earliest reports from the mid-19th century. Medulloblastoma, other primitive neuroectodermal tumors, and various types of gliomas have comprised the majority of cases. This report describes a highly unusual infratentorial and supratentorial tumor presenting as a scalp mass in a neonate who experienced in utero distress. The supratentorial mass extended through a defect in the skull to the parietooccipital lobe, and the infratentorial aspect involved the 9th and 10th cranial nerves in the region of the cerebellopontine angle. A complex spindle cell neoplasm incorporating peripheral nerve sheath and vascular characteristics was further characterized by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Based upon these studies, the tumor was interpreted as a congenital schwannoma with divergent vascular differentiation. The child has been tumor-free for approximately 2 years after the initial operative procedure.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

A microelectronic pH sensor.

This paper presents preliminary data on a new integrated circuit microelectronic pH sensor. The device is extremely miniaturized by the use of integrated circuit technology, and uses the intrinsic hydrogen ion selective properties of the gate insulator material. In order to make the device compatible with aqueous solution monitoring, the silicon dioxide-silicon nitride gate insulator structure is used. The integrated circuit chip was designed, processed, and packaged by a variety of techniques which protect all metal parts from the aqueous solution. Test data are reported on leakage current, sensitivity, reproducibility, linearity, stability, response time, and life. The results indicate that this type of pH sensor may have many significant advantages for biomedical research and application.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1976

Chemically sensitive field-effect transistors.

The present state of the art and trends in development of chemically sensitive field-effect transistors are reviewed. In the theoretical section, a brief description of principles, temperature sensitivity, stability and the question of a reference electrode are discussed. In the practical section some aspects of the design and recommendations for device evaluation procedures are given. The article concludes with the authors' view of future development, particularly with respect to biomedical applications.

Electrochemistry↗