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Biomedical subjects

S Cronberg

Publications and source records attributed to S Cronberg.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Platelet count and mean platelet volume in an Algerian population indicating a low prevalence of Mediterranean macrothrombocytopenia.

Platelet count was 225 X 10(9)/l in 225 healthy male Algerians and 263 X 10(9)/l in 208 females. The mean platelet volume was 9.15 fl in the males and 9.30 in the females. The figures agree with those obtained in a British and an American population, but differed from those of an Australian population of immigrants from Mediterranean countries, essentially Italy and Greece. The prevalence of Mediterranean thrombocytopenia must therefore be low in Algeria.

Algeria↗
PubMed1984

Investigations on platelet function in diabetes mellitus.

Investigations on the platelet function in diabetes mellitus were performed on 28 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes and in 33 healthy controls of similar age. In the diabetic patients it was possible to induce 50% of maximal aggregation by lower concentrations of adenosine diphosphate or arachidonic acid than in the controls. In the presence of N-ethyl maleimide, platelets from diabetic patients produced significantly more malondialdehyde than those from normal controls. After addition of arachidonic acid the platelets from the diabetic patients also synthesized more thromboxane B2. This synthesis of thromboxane was inversely correlated to the minimal concentration of arachidonic acid necessary to induce 50% platelet aggregation. Circulating platelet aggregates were more common in the diabetic patients than in the controls. Plasma levels of beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 were raised in parallel in the diabetic patients and correlated with the increased production of thromboxane B2 by the platelets from the same patients. Platelets from patients with diabetes thus demonstrated signs of hyperreactivity both in vivo and in vitro. This may be of clinical importance for the development of vascular complications in this disease.

Arachidonic Acid↗
PubMed1984

Investigations on the effect of antimicrobial drugs on platelet aggregation in vitro and ex vivo.

The influence of ten betalactam antibiotics and ten other antibiotics on platelet aggregation induced by ADP or adrenaline was investigated in vitro. In concentrations of 900 mg/l most antimicrobial drugs exerted a moderate inhibition that was not seen in concentrations of 90 mg/l that better corresponded to therapeutic levels. The influence on the platelets of a single large intravenous dose was also tested using eight antimicrobial drugs, viz. benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, carbenicillin, piperacillin, cloxacillin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime and erythromycin. Each drug was given to five healthy volunteers but none caused any significant inhibition of platelet aggregation. The second wave of aggregation persisted after administration of the drugs and it was even seen after the administration of such a high dose as 10 g of carbenicillin.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

The peripheral platelet count and ADP-induced platelet aggregation in response to metoprolol and propranolol as studied in young healthy male volunteers.

In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the oral administration of one single dose of metoprolol as well as of propranolol causes a significant increase in the venous platelet concentration. In the present study, we investigated the effect of metoprolol, administered twice daily over a period of 1 week, on the venous platelet count in a group of healthy volunteers. The results showed that the drug significantly raised the venous platelet concentration over the whole study period. Further, the effect of 1 week's metoprolol and propranolol medication on ADP-induced platelet aggregation was investigated in another group of healthy subjects; the results were compared to those obtained during 1 week of placebo medication. It was demonstrated that neither of the two beta-blocking drugs affected ADP-induced platelet aggregability; this was true on the first as well as on the last day of study.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Pregnancy and parturition in a patient with severe Glanzmann's thrombasthenia.

A 35-year-old woman with severe Glanzmann's thrombasthenia became pregnant involuntarily. As a late abortion might cause a bleeding as severe as a delivery, legal abortion was not considered indicated. Treatment with ordinary platelet concentrates was not considered since even HLA-matched platelets did not enhance the platelet function, measured as the aggregability of transfused platelets. This inability was thought to indicate that the patient might have developed antibodies against one of the glycoproteins deficient in this disease. A delivery per vaginam was then preferred because of the local compressing effect. Spontaneous delivery occurred at the end of the 42nd week of pregnancy. The patient delivered a boy with transient thrombocytopenia, probably due to maternal antibodies. To stimulate the haemostasis, uterine contracting drugs were used in unusually large doses and for a relatively long period of time. Tranexamic acid was also given. No haemorrhagic complications could he observed during the puerperium.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Influence of dianhydrogalactitol on some platelet functions in vitro.

Platelet-rich plasma was incubated with dianhydrogalactitol (DAG) in vitro. This moderately diminished platelet aggregation induced by adrenaline and to a smaller degree by adenosine diphosphate /ADP) or collagen. The availability of platelet factor 3 induced by ADP, adrenaline or collagen was decreased irrespective of the inducer. The release of platelet factor 4 was unaffected. Reptilase clot retraction induced by ADP or collagen was slightly inhibited. Uptake of 14C-serotonin was slightly decreased. Uptake of 14C-adenine was normal. Platelet adhesion onto glass was not depressed. DAG did not release lactic dehydrogenase from the cytoplasm of the platelets. Coagulation factors were not affected.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1981

Incidence of Legionella pneumophila in acute lower respiratory tract infections.

The etiological role of Legionella pneumophila and other infectious agents in acute lower respiratory tract infections in 112 patients attending an infectious disease clinic was estimated by a serological study of paired sera and bacteriological culture of nasopharynx swabs and culture and immunoelectroosmophoresis of expectorates. Only 2 of the patients had a 4-fold rise in antibody titre to L. pneumophila, suggesting a similar incidence of legionnaires' disease as reported from USA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Controlled comparison of nalidixic acid or lactulose with placebo in shigellosis.

Nalidixic acid and lactulose, respectively, were compared with placebo in a controlled double-blind study in 43 patients with bacteriologically verified shigellosis. All the strains were susceptible to nalidixic acid. Treatment with nalidixic acid resulted in cure in 72%, which was a significantly better result than with placebo (cure in 21%).

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1980

Mecillinam and ampicillin separately or combined in gram-negative septicemia.

Of 20 patients with gram-negative septicemia treated with mecillinam alone or in combination with ampicillin, successful therapeutic results were obtained in 16. In 11 patients treated with ampicillin alone, three failures responded successfully to a combination of mecillinam and ampicillin. Mecillinam MIC values of isolated Enterobacteriaceae were 0.05-0.4 micrograms/ml. In patients receiving 5 mg/kg mecillinam intravenously every six hours, the mean 0.5 hour concentration was 11.0 micrograms/ml and in those given 10 mg/kg 23.3 migcrograms/ml. No serious side effects were recorded. One patient on mecillinam developed an exanthema, as did three patients on combined therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Failure of excessive doses of ampicillin to prevent bacterial relapse in the treatment of acute pyelonephritis.

In order to evaluate whether very high doses of ampicillin might be more effective than conventional therapy in eradicating bacteria in patients with acute pyelonephritis, 34 affected patients were randomly assigned into two treatment groups. One group was given ampicillin in a daily dose of 30 g for three days and 20 g for four days without further treatment. The other group was given ampicillin in moderate doses for one month. Out of 13 patients treated with excessive doses for one week, only three were completely cured whereas conventional therapy cured 9 out of 21. Thus, excessive doses of ampicillin given for one week were not more effective but more expensive and possibly less beneficial than conventional therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

Influence of mithramycin on some platelet functions in vitro.

Platelet-rich plasma was incubated with mithramycin in vitro. This diminished platelet aggregation by ADP and adrenaline, but did not interfere with collagen-induced aggregation. Platelet factor 4 release was diminished by ADP and delayed when induced by adrenaline but normal when induced by collagen. Platelet factor 3 availability was not significantly impaired. Reptilase clot retraction was diminished when induced by ADP but normal when induced by collagen. Uptake of 14C-serotonin and 14C-adenine was slightly inhibited. There was no depression in platelet adhesion or release of serum aggregating activity.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗