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Biomedical subjects

S Chopra

Publications and source records attributed to S Chopra.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Quinine-induced granulomatous hepatitis.

Many adverse reactions to quinine have been reported. A 65 year old woman taking quinine sulphate for nocturnal leg cramps presented for investigation of episodes of malaise, fever, nausea, vomiting, and polyarthralgia. Granulomatous hepatitis was diagnosed, for which no common cause was found. She was challenged with quinine sulphate; within hours her temperature had risen and her symptoms returned; transaminase activities rose within 48 hours, as did erythrocyte sedimentation rate. After withdrawal of the drug symptoms abated and transaminase activities returned to normal. The biochemical response to challenge with quinine implicates the drug as the cause of the liver disturbances. Quinine should be added to the list of drugs known to cause granulomatous hepatitis and should be considered in cases where symptoms are episodic or where no other cause is apparent.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Antimicrobial properties of some plant extracts against bacteria.

Plant extracts obtained from Feronia limonia (leaves) Xanthium strumarium (flowering twigs) and Glossocardia bosvellia (leaves) were tested for their antimicrobial properties against certain bacterial species. Feronia leaf extract was ineffective on Bacillus pumilus and X. campestris, Vibrio cholerae was found quite sensitive to this extract. The extract of X. strumarium showed an abnormality with V. cholerae, where the inhibition exceeded the control with established antibiotics. Similarly, G. bosvellia caused maximum inhibition in Bacillus mycoides.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

Cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) induced acute renal failure (ARF): attempts at amelioration.

Nephrotoxicity is a dose limiting feature of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) cancer chemotherapy. We have previously developed a model of DDP induced acute renal failure in the rat, which is characterized by non oliguric progressive azotemia. Protocols have been established in humans to prevent or diminish DDP associated renal alterations during the course of cancer chemotherapy. The present studies were designed to evaluate the effect of prior diuretic therapy, with furosemide, and enhanced solute diuresis, using dextrose and water as the sole source of drinking fluid, on DDP induced acute renal failure in the rat. As compared to water drinking controls neither the diuretic nor the enhancement of osmotic excretion effected DDP associated mortality. The courses of the acute renal failure observed in all three study groups were similar; however, there was a suggestion in the surviving animals that these maneuvers may have contributed to a more rapid return in renal function among rats not dying of DDP induced acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1982

Polyarteritis nodosa after HBsAg hepatitis in a patient undergoing hemodialysis: manifestation and response to therapy.

Polyarteritis nodosa developed in one of 34 patients undergoing long-term maintenance hemodialysis with persistent hepatitis B surface antigenemia. Exacerbation of the baseline hypertension and progressive peripheral neuropathy during the recovery phase of hepatitis B surface antigen hepatitis were the initial features. Poor response to aggressive corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy in this patient was in contrast to recent experience in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis and the general population.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1982

Carcinoma of the lung with marked hyperamylasemia and elevated serum calcitonin.

Ectopic production of multiple peptide hormones is a frequent concomitant of neoplasia. An elderly man with metastatic small cell carcinoma of the lung presented with back pain, a right hilar mass, and was demonstrated to have markedly elevated serum calcitonin and amylase levels. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a striking elevation of a "salivary type" isoamylase. We report this case as an unusual association of production of both a peptide hormone and a nonhormonal peptide in a patient with a tumor of "neural crest" origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Peliosis hepatis in hematologic disease. Report of two cases.

Two patients with hematologic disease, one of whom had received androgenic steroids, had liver damage associated with peliosis hepatis. In one patient with spherocytic hemolytic anemia, peliosis hepatis was an incidental postmortem finding. In the other patient, who was treated with androgenic-anabolic steroids for aplastic anemia, hepatic failure associated with peliosis hepatis developed. Splenic involvement by peliosis was present in both patients. Peliosis hepatis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hepatic disease in patients with hematologic disorders, especially if treatment has included androgenic-anabolic steroids.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1977

Transient hypoxemia in firemen following inhalation of smoke.

Mild to moderately severe hypoxemia was documented in 19 of 21 mostly asymptomatic firemen who were exposed to dense smoke containing polyvinylchloride and other pulmonary irritants. The hypoxemia was transient, with nearly complete reversibility within 24 hours. Subsequent tests for pulmonary function one month later demonstrated that this transient hypoxemia was not related to previous underlying pulmonary disease. The potential for serious complications of inhalation of smoke, particularly smoke from burning plastics, is heightened by the frequent lack of symptoms associated with the type of exposure, despite the development of hemoglobinemia. Precautionary measures should include uninterrupted use of an effective breathing apparatus by firemen exposed to smoke and to noxious fumes and temporary oxygen supplementation, even in asymptomatic firemen, following exposure to dense smoke.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Respiratory status of Los Angeles firemen. One-month follow-up after inhalation of dense smoke.

A standardized respiratory questionnaire and detailed pulmonary function tests were administered to 21 Los Angeles firemen one month following exposure to the combustion products of polyvinylchloride, which had produced transient hypoxemia in 19 of the firemen. The results of these studies were compared with those obtained in a sample of nonfiremen residing in the Los Angeles area who were matched by computer with the firemen for anthropomorphic characteristics and smoking status. The frequency of respiratory symptoms, the results of spirometric and plethysmographic studies, and the single-breath nitrogen washout were similar in the firemen, compared with the matched sample, whereas closing volume was higher in the matched controls. These findings suggest that although fighting fires may result in acute pulmonary injury secondary to discrete episodes of inhalation of smoke, it does not appear to predispose to the development of chronic respiratory symptoms or chronic functional respiratory impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Radionuclidic lung-imaging procedures in the assessment of injury due to ammonia inhalation.

Clinical, physiologic, and bronchoscopic findings in a young man with acute injury of the respiratory tract due to inhalation of ammonia are described. Six months later, the patient's pulmonary function was reassessed by three radionuclidic lung-imaging procedures, which first revealed the sites and extent of the persisting obstructive disease processes. The diagnostic accuracy of the initial findings with radioactive xenon and aerosol were verified by the results of repeated bronchoscopic examination, bronchographic studies, standard pulmonary function tests, and lung-imaging procedures.

Adult↗