Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S C Yeoh

Publications and source records attributed to S C Yeoh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of the mandible: case report.

BACKGROUND: Osteomyelitis of the maxillofacial skeleton is rare in developed countries such as Australia. This case report describes the successful surgical treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis (CSO) of the mandible in a 75 year old man. The precipitant factor was thought to be a retained tooth root in the (right) posterior body of the mandible. METHODS: Treatment included a pre-surgical course of antibiotics (clindamycin 300mg, p.o. q.i.d. for two weeks) followed by removal of the retained root, surgical débridement of the affected bone, the intra-oral draining sinus, and resection of the cutaneous sinus tract. Specimens were taken for bacterial cultures and antibiotic sensitivity testing, and the resected tissue sent for histopathological review. RESULTS: On clinical and radiographic review at three months, the patient was well, completely symptom free and the osteomyelitis had fully resolved. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrates the typical features of CSO. The combination of antibiotic therapy and surgical débridement was effective in the treatment of chronic suppurative osteomyelitis of the mandible utilizing intravenous sedation, and so averting the need for a general anaesthetic.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Antiphospholipids and pregnancy--a review.

The presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is associated with a clinical syndrome characterised by thrombocytopenia, recurrent arterial and venous thromboses and recurrent fetal loss. The etiology is unknown but leads to an abnormal autoimmune response. Platelet aggregation and thrombosis follow. The mainstay of treatment is low dose aspirin, heparin and corticosteroids.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed1997

Stillbirths.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1996

Maternal congenital heart disease and pregnancy outcome.

OBJECTIVE: To study the obstetrics and neonatal outcome of women with congenital heart disease. METHOD: This is a retrospective study of 85 women with congenital cardiac disease. Data collected include maternal characteristics, New York Heart Association Class, cardiac complications and obstetric and neonatal outcome. RESULTS: The maternal and neonatal outcomes were excellent with no maternal and perinatal mortality. The main cardiac lesions were mitral valve prolapse (60.8%), atrial septal defect (8.6%), ventricle septal defect (6.5%) and aortic regurgitation (4.3%) and 2.1% each of tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary regurgitation, Ebstein's anomaly, coarctation of aorta, patent ductus arteriosus, and Eisenmenger's syndrome. Six deliveries were associated with New York Heart Association deterioration. Compared to the general obstetric population, more women in the study group were primigravida, had pregnancy induced hypertension, underwent instrumental vaginal deliveries and caesarean sections and had more babies with lower birth weights. CONCLUSION: Despite potential difficulties and complications associated with congenital heart disease, careful cardiac and obstetric management in a tertiary referal centre resulted in good maternal and fetal outcomes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Ethnicity and obstetric performance in Singapore.

The influence of ethnicity on obstetric performance in Singapore was assessed by retrospective analysis of all deliveries in the National University Hospital over a 7-year period. Malay mothers were younger, shorter, less educated, of higher parity, were more likely to have had no antenatal care, and had the highest incidence of premature labour. However, mothers of Indian origin had the smallest babies, the highest incidence of low birth weight and significantly higher perinatal mortality rates. Chinese mothers fared better than their Malay and Indian counterparts in all parameters assessed. The ethnic origin of the mother has an important bearing on perinatal performance. This emphasises the importance of designing appropriate strategies to improve perinatal health in the different ethnic groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Obstetric outcome of pregestational diabetic pregnancies.

This retrospective study examined the obstetric and neonatal outcome in 23 pregestational diabetic pregnancies. The incidence of congenital malformations and mortality in infants of diabetic mothers was increased compared to the control population. Late booking for antenatal care and poor glycaemia control are probably the reasons for this high incidence. There was also a significantly higher preterm delivery and Caesarean section rate in the pregnancies complicated by pregestational diabetes. The neonatal morbidity was also higher than the controls in terms of jaundice, hypoglycaemia, respiratory distress syndrome and admissions to neonatal intensive care unit. Only with preconception counselling and tight glycaemia control in the periconception period and throughout pregnancy can we expect a drop in the complication rates in pregestational diabetic pregnancies.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pregnancy outcome and mitral valve prolapse.

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) comprises a large proportion of obstetric cardiac problems and has a general prevalence of 4%. We examined the obstetric outcome of patients with MVP delivered between 1988-1991 at the National University Hospital, Singapore. During this interval, deliveries totalled 16,755 of which 85 (0.51%) had maternal cardiac disease. Of these, 28 (32.9%) had echocardiographic evidence of non-myxomatous MVP. Ten patients (37.5%) had demonstrable mitral regurgitation and 4 (14.3%) had benign ventricular ectopics. All patients remained well throughout pregnancy. Gestation at delivery and use of analgesia did not differ significantly from non-cardiac patients. However, the labour induction rate was twice the department average at 17.9%. Twenty-four (85.7%) patients achieved vaginal delivery and 4 (14.3%) patients were delivered abdominally. All babies were liveborn. Eight patients (28.6%) did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis during labour and postpartum period and remained afebrile. The role of antibiotics in this category of patients is discussed. Patients with MVP without myxomatous valve changes may expect excellent pregnancy outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The glucose challenge test: a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus.

The 50g glucose challenge test (GCT) was evaluated as a method to screen for gestational diabetes in 540 low-risk pregnant women to establish its sensitivity and specificity, as well as to establish a relevant threshold plasma glucose value above which a diagnostic 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) would be indicated. If a threshold of 140 mg/dl is used, the diagnostic yield would be 28.5%. At a threshold of 130 mg/dl, the diagnostic yield fell to 25.4%; the sensitivity rose to 87.7% and the specificity declined to 67.1%. There was progressive increase in diagnostic sensitivity when the GCT was performed after 24 weeks without significant decrease in specificity. In low-risk populations, a 50g GCT should be performed between 24-28 weeks gestation.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1991

Detection of fetal cells in maternal blood.

We report the detection of fetal cells in the maternal circulation by enzymatic amplification of a single copy gene sequence that was fetal-specific. Fetal HLA-A2-positive cells were sorted from maternal HLA-A2-negative cells by flow cytometry and confirmed by demonstration of a fetal-specific HLA-DR4 sequence. However, this sequence could not be detected in unenriched maternal DNA prepared at 28 and 32 weeks' gestation. The sensitivity of detection was 1 HLA-DR4-positive cell in 10(5) HLA-DR4-negative cells. We conclude that prenatal diagnosis of paternally inherited autosomal-dominant genetic defects may be possible by selective gene amplification of maternal peripheral blood. However, preliminary enrichment for fetal cells may be necessary.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Rapid karyotyping of spontaneous abortions with trophoblastic villi.

24-hour short term culture of trophoblastic villi provided rapid and accurate karyotypes in spontaneous first trimester abortions. Good quality metaphases were obtained in 60.0% of villous cultures if these were set up within 8 hours of uterine evacuation, in contrast to the 10.3% success rate with intervals longer than 8 hours. 21% (4 of 19) of first trimester pregnancy losses were chromosomally abnormal, 3 of which were examples of autosomal trisomy; in 2 cases, the mothers were more than 37 years of age. The results of successful karyotyping reported here compare well with previous reports of long term culture of minced fetal material. Further, the risks of infected cultures, maternal contamination and pseudomosaicism are minimal with the short-term culture technique described here. Chorionic villi isolated from spontaneously aborted material are a simple and practicable source of fetal material for rapid and accurate cytogenic diagnosis in early spontaneous abortions.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1987

Glucose dehydrogenase polymorphism among ethnic groups of Singapore--with report of two additional alleles (GDH4 and GDH5).

Placental glucose dehydrogenase (GDH; E.C.1.1.1.47) polymorphism was studied in 254 Chinese, 104 Malays, and 47 Indians from Singapore using isoelectric focusing. There is suggestive evidence of two additional anodal alleles (GDH4 and GDH5) in addition to the three alleles described in earlier studies. Altogether, 14 phenotypes have been observed in the present investigation, compared with six phenotypes described in earlier studies. It appears that placental GDH is controlled by five codominant autosomal alleles producing 15 possible phenotypes. The gene frequencies of GDH1, GDH2, and GDH3 in these ethnic groups are significantly different from those reported in Caucasians. There were slight differences in the gene frequencies between the three ethnic groups, with those of Indians being nearer to the frequency in Caucasians. In general, the distribution of GDH phenotypes was at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in all three ethnic groups studied.

Alleles↗
PubMed1985

Follicular-phase response in two clomiphene-human menopausal gonadotropin regimes for an in vitro fertilization program.

Two clomiphene-human menopausal gonadotropin regimes were assessed for our in vitro fertilization and embryo replacement (IVF and ER) program since September 1983. Clomiphene, 50 mg bd, was taken from day 2 for 5 days. Human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) was given from day 6; for the first regime, 75 IU/day was given for the first 3 days, and for the second, 150 IU/day. The subsequent dosages were dependent on the estradiol response. There were 9 cases for the first regime and 10 cases for the second. The mean number of hMG ampoules given was 16.5 and 19.25, respectively. The number of follicles seen on ultrasound was 3.0 +/- 0.5 and 3.4 +/- 1.2 (mean +/- SD), respectively. There was no statistical difference in the estradiol response up to the day of laparoscopic ova recovery for the two regimes. However, a spontaneous luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was observed in 4 of 9 cases in the first group and 6 of 10 cases in the second group. When a comparison was made between cases that had a spontaneous LH surge and cases that were given human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), there was a higher estradiol level on the day of the laparoscopy in the hCG group with the lower hMG regime (P less than 0.05). There were no other differences. Our small series shows a 52.6% incidence of spontaneous LH surge with clomiphene-hMG. Hence such stimulated regimes can result in a high proportion of spontaneous LH surges; this may be an index of satisfactory endocrinological control in spite of an increase in the number of follicles.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1981

Surgical experience with lymphangioma in infants and children.

Twenty-nine consecutive cases of lymphangioma seen and managed at the Department of Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, between August 1974 and January 1981 are reviewed here. More than half the lesions (58.6%) were noted at birth and about 90% presented during the first year of life. All patients were treated by surgical excision soon after recognition, in order to prevent extensive local growth and expansion which can encroach on vital structures such as nerves, major vessels and the trachea. Surgical resection was complete where possible, with preservation of vital structures. There were no deaths. Morbidity was confined to wound infection and haematoma, respiratory distress and in one case, a facial palsy. Eight patients required two or more operations for complete excision.

Child, Preschool↗