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Biomedical subjects

S C Pal

Publications and source records attributed to S C Pal.

178 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

ABO blood group distributions in diarrhoea cases including cholera in Calcutta.

A double blind study on determination of ABO blood groups of 210 cholera patients, 44 diarrhoea cases due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and 148 diarrhoea cases from whom no vibrios could be isolated (control group), was conducted in Calcutta. A statistically significant difference was found in blood group 'O' when comparison was made between control and cholera groups. No significant association was, however, notices between V. parahaemolyticus-induced diarrhoea and ABO blood groups.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Screening and identification of antibiotic producing strains of Streptomyces.

About 450 actinomycetes were isolated from nearly 100 soil samples collected from different parts of West Bengal. The isolates were screened on the basis of their inhibitory effect against test organisms. Finally two potent antibiotic producers were chosen having maximum inhibitory effect on both gram positive and gram negative test bacteria. On the basis of morphological, structural, physiological and biochemical characters, the two potent antibiotic producers were identified as Streptomyces violaceus-niger and S. antibioticus.

Actinomyces↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of diarrhoeal diseases amongst tribals of Car Nicobar Island, India.

In a cross sectional study of total 14514 tribal Nicobarese people of Car Nicobar Island, an union territory of India, situated in Bay of Bengal, morbidity, mortality and treatment practices of diarrhoeal diseases of under-five children were surveyed. The incidence of diarrhoea (0.2 episode/ch.year), Crude death rate (3.6/1000) and IMR (31/1000 live births) were exceedingly low as compared to SouthEast Asian Countries including mainland of India. ORS utilisation rate was high (41%) as compared to the National figure (12.0%). This is the first study of it's kind carried out in this island and amongst the Nicobarese tribe in India. A preliminary study carried out among the mothers of the hospitalised children indicated that protective behaviours like breast feeding, hand washing, use of chlorinated water and proper disposal of stool were regularly being practiced by the community traditionally. An in-depth study on risk factors of diarrhoea in this island can yield useful clue for describing the same.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multidrug resistant epidemic shigellosis in a village in west Bengal, 1984.

An out break of acute bacillary dysentery in a village called Dhamasin in Hooghly district of West Bengal was investigated during March 1984. Forty seven percent of families were affected. A total of 91 cases and 2 deaths occurred amongst 937 people giving an over all attack rate of 9.7% and a case fatality rate of 2.2 percent. Highest attack rate (22.7%) was observed in below one year age group. Multiple drug resistant Shigella dysentery type 1 strains were isolated for the first time from 6 out of 22 cases sampled at the domiciliary level. The organism was never isolated earlier during last ten years of surveillance in the infectious Diseases Hospital, Calcutta. Identification of nature of this outbreak and it's causative agent helped to realise the potentiality of extensive spread and paved the way for further investigations. Public health authorities were buffled as the rapid spread of the disease throughout the entire state of West Bengal could not be contained in spite of instituting all probable control measures on war footing.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Etiological agents of diarrhoea.

Two decades of research have established newer pathogens and techniques in establishing several organisms of diarrhoeal diseases as aetiological agents. It is now possible to detect an agent in 80% of the situation of diarrhoea in a standard laboratory. The brief review describes the list of pathogens, their diagnostic techniques with short description on clinical and epidemiological status.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effectiveness of oral rehydration salt solution (ORS) in reduction of death during cholera epidemic.

An extensive outbreak of acute gastroenteritis involving all age group of patients occurred during July-September, 1978 in the Central district of Manipur state. A total of 4469 cases occurred during the period. 45.7% of diarrhoea cases sampled and 47.6% of water samples collected from rivers were found to be positive for V.cholerae biotype EITor. Case fatality rate in this epidemic was exceptionally low (0.8%) which was attributed to the early domiciliary use of oral rehydration salt solution (ORS) in the affected villages. Utility of ORS in drastic reduction of case fatality rate during any epidemic situation was first of its kind in the Indian scene.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enterotoxin induced diarrhoea--an update.

The pathogenic personality or the criteria required to be a successful pathogen, of enteric bacteria includes, among others, the ability to produce potent proteins which by different intracellular mechanisms elicit what we overtly see as diarrhoea. Enteropathogens belonging to several genera like Vibrio, Escherichia, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Aeromonas and Yersinia include species capable of elaborating strikingly similar exotoxins which seem to share common mechanisms of action involving specific receptor binding, internalization of the toxin followed by interaction with an intracellular target. It is now clear that there are several families of structurally, functionally and immunologically identical bacterial enterotoxins. In this communication, we have reviewed the recent developments on the various families of structurally homologous and antigenically cross reacting enteric toxins.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serogroups of Aeromonas species from clinical and environmental sources in Calcutta, India.

Using a recently developed somatic O-antigen serogrouping scheme, 118 isolates of Aeromonas spp. were serogrouped, 68 of which were isolated from diarrhoea patients admitted to the Infectious Diseases Hospital and B.C. Roy Children's Hospital, Calcutta, from March 1987 to February 1988 and 50 randomly selected from an environmental study conducted during the same period. The isolates were typed into 23 different serogroups which represent 35.9% of the total 64 O-serogroups in the typing scheme. Only 12 strains were not typable by the available O-antisera. The dominant serogroups recovered from clinical and environmental isolates were O34, O16 and O11. It appears from this study that virulence of individual isolates is not linked to serological identity.

Aeromonas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characterisation and identification of broad spectrum antibiotic producing Streptomyces hygroscopicus D 1.5.

A streptomycete strain D1.5 capable of producing broad spectrum antiobiotic was isolated from soil. The morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characters were studied, compared to known species and identified as Streptmoyces hygroscopicus. Antibiotic activity of the strain was tested against both Gram positive and negative bacteria as well as fungi. It exhibited complete resistance to beta-lactum antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗