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Biomedical subjects

S Brown

Publications and source records attributed to S Brown.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The effects of commercial coaching or the NBME Part I Examination.

A total of 55 second-year medical students from the University of Alabama in Birmingham utilized the services of a commercial test-coaching company to assist them in preparations for the June 1977, 1978, and 1979 National Board of Medical Examiners Part I examination. These students scored significantly higher on the examination than students with comparable basic science grade-point averages. Students were surveyed to determine the nature of the course and to identify the salient points which they believed contributed to higher Part I scores. The study raises questions concerning the impact of commercial coaching on the licensure process for both domestic students and students of foreign medical schools entering the U.S. medical profession.

Achievement↗
PubMed1980

Vitrectomy in the management of intraocular foreign bodies and their complications.

Twenty-six eyes with intraocular foreign bodies (IOFB) and/or their sequelae were treated by pars plana vitrectomy and associated surgery. One-step removal of the IOFB in combination with pars plana vitrectomy resulted in early visual rehabilitation and minimal complications. Of 11 eyes with IOFB treated by primary vitrectomy at the time of IOFB removal 20/50 or better visual acuity was obtained in 10 (91%). Four of these eyes had retinal injury, 3 of which were successfully repaired without subsequent complication and with retention of good visual function. In 3 eyes IOFBs were not removed owing to chronic retinal encapsulation. These eyes continue to retain good visual acuity, and ERG studies show no evidence of retinal toxicity. Of 12 eyes in which vitrectomy was performed for sequelae of IOFB only 5 (41%) showed visual improvement better than 20/50. Only in 2 of 7 eyes with tractional retinal detachment could the retina be reattached. In cases of retinal injury primary vitrectomy, cryocoagulation, and scleral buckling are suggested for prevention of late traction retinal detachment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Immunoglobulin secretion by mouse X human hybridomas: an approach for the production of anti-idiotype reagents useful in monitoring patients with B cell lymphoma.

Tumor cells were obtained from a patient with nodular lymphoma, a monoclonal B cell malignancy. These non-Ig-secreting lymphoma cells were hybridized to mouse myeloma cells. Hybridomas secreting human Ig were obtained in high frequency. One clone, which was a stable producer of human heavy and light chains, but which had lost production of mouse light chains, was chosen for study. It secreted a human IgM pentamer. The Ig produced by this clone was purified and used as an immunogen for the production of anti-idiotype antibodies. These antibodies recognized the specific cell surface Ig of the lymphoma cells and have been used to detect idiotype-bearing cells in the blood of the original patient, even at times when the disease was in clinical remission. Moreover, free idiotype could be detected in the patient's serum. Both the levels of Id+ cells and free idiotype correlated with disease activity, rising in relapse and falling in remission.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Adenocarcinoid of appendix presenting as bilateral ovarian tumors. A case report with histochemical and ultrastructural studies.

A 62-year-old female presented with bilateral ovarian tumors. These proved to be metastatic from a primary appendiceal lesion which showed histochemical and ultrastructural evidence of differentiation along two cell lines with features of both carcinoid and mucinous tumor. This case illustrates the malignant potential of so-called mucinous carcinoid or adenocarcinoid of the appendix.

Appendiceal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of neutrophil migration by aggregated immunoglobulin attached to micropore membranes.

The effect of substrate-bound immunoglobulin on neutrophil migration was examined. Immunoglobulin aggregates bound to micropore membranes inhibited the neutrophil response to a chemotactic stimulus. This inhibition was reversed by the presence of aggregates in suspension suggesting competition between substrate-bound and free aggregates for neutrophil surface binding sites. The immobilization of neutrophils by substrate-bound aggregated immunoglobulin suggests a mechanism for the accumulation of neutrophils at sites of immune complex deposition and tissue-bound antibodies in vivo.

Caseins↗
PubMed1980

Migration of blood and synovial fluid neutrophils obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

The unstimulated random migration and the serum-induced chemokinesis of neutrophils obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 19) was not different from those of controls (n = 20). However, neutrophils obtained from the joint fluid of rheumatoid patients (n = 10) demonstrated a reduced serum-induced chemokinesis which was correlated with the amount of immune complexes present in the synovial fluid. The chemotactic response of peripheral blood neutrophils from subjects with rheumatoid arthritis taking aspirin (n =11) was increased while that of those rheumatoid subjects not taking aspirin (n = 8) was the same as controls. It is concluded that although there is no impairment of the in vitro migratory capacities of peripheral blood neutrophils obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, neutrophils obtained from synovial fluids exhibit a marked defect in chemokinesis which may be related to the ingestion of immune complexes within the joint space.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Suppression of leucocyte chemokinesis and chemotaxis by human IgA.

The effects of IgA and IgG isolated from normal human serum on neutrophil and monocyte migration were examined. IgA inhibited neutrophil chemotaxis towards casein and neutrophil random migration in serum-containing medium. The dose-response curve for the inhibition of the two forms of stimulated cell movement was similar suggesting that inhibition of both forms of movement may occur by a common mechanism. It was concluded that the inhibition was mediated by polymeric and aggregated forms of IgA but not by IgA present in normal serum. IgA at concentrations which inhibited stimulated cell movement did not inhibit the phagocytosis of zymosan particles by neutrophils. In contrast to IgA, aggregated IgG did not inhibit neutrophil chemotaxis at concentrations which were markedly inhibitory to random migration in serum-containing medium, indicating a differential effect of IgA and IgG aggregates on cell migration.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The precursors of endometrial carcinoma.

For many years, a variety of abnormal endometrial lesions have been linked to endometrial cancer but have been designated as hyperplasia and classified by modifying adjectives such as cystic, adenomatous, atypical, moderate, and severe. Though descriptively distinctive, there are enough consistent histologic transitions between them to designate the entire group as belonging to a continuous spectrum from benign to malignant. Furthermore, because these epithelial lesions demonstrate not just hyperplasia but significant disorderly growth patterns, it has been suggested that they be referred to as dysplasias. In order to evaluate the association of these types of dysplasia to cancer, two groups of patients were studied. In one group, the histologic states of the endometrium of patients with endometrial cancer were retrospectively analyzed. In the second group of patients, who were selected for study because the endometria were diagnosed as belonging to the dysplastic groups, the subsequent endometrial histology was prospectively studied. The findings suggest that there is a recognizable group of endometrial lesions with an association to endometrial cancer strong enought to label and treat them as neoplastic.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1979

Synovial fat necrosis associated with ischemic pancreatic disease.

A 59-year-old man with ischemic pancreatic disease, polyarthritis, and cutaneous nodules has shown histopathologic findings indicative of disseminated fat necrosis in a percutaneous biopsy specimen from the right knee. The histopathologic findings in the synovium included necrotic fat cells, distorted fat cells and adjacent lymphocytes, lipid laden histiocytes, and giant cells. In prior histopathologic studies of the joint involvement associated with this disorder, fat cell necrosis has been found only in the periarticular tissues, and the synovium has appeared normal or showed nonspecific inflammation. However, the present study shows that the synovial membrane may also be the site of fat necrosis and an associated inflammatory reaction; thus patients with this disorder may manifest arthritis in addition to periarthritis.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1979

Lead poisoning. A comprehensive review and report of a case.

Lead, a ubiquitous heavy metal which has realized increased use, can cause poisoning by environmental contamination in either its organic or its inorganic form. Lead poisoning can be either acute or chronic, with the latter being the more common. The clinical signs and symptoms of lead poisoning are nonspecific, resulting in a difficult diagnostic problem, especially when it is not industrially related. On occasions, the dentist or oral surgeon may be the first to see an afflicted patient because of oral manifestations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of mild hypertension in elderly males.

1. Males, born between 1900 and 1925, with mild hypertension have been treated for periods varying from 300 to 2000 days. 2. The life and death status of all patients (except two) was known on 1st November 1978. 3. A group of patients with mild hypertension receiving treatment based on a thiazide diuretic had a greater mortality than the other drug-treated group. 4. The increased mortality was caused by an increased number of myocardial infarcts. 5. Elderly male patients with mild hypertension probably have preexisting vascular disease and therapy should not automatically be started. If therapy is started, beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs may be a preferred therapy.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗