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Biomedical subjects

S Bozhinova

Publications and source records attributed to S Bozhinova.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Ultrasonic screening of pregnant teenagers].

Ultrasonography was applied to investigate 218 pregnant girls aged 11 to 16 for a period of 6 years, 70 of whom were examined in the first trimester and 148--in the second and third trimester. The girls presented the following disturbances: bleeding, expected premature birth, complications of pregnancy such as preeclampsia-eclampsia, suspected pelvio-fetal disproportions. Standard biometry was applied using automatic recording of body weigh by the formula of Campel. Missed abortion was diagnosed in 10 patients in the first trimester and 12 were found with blighted ovum. Ultrasound screening and cardiotocography are the most reliable to examine the status of the fetus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The large fetus--its obstetrical management and the results].

To find the maternal-fetal outcome 98 pregnancies with fetal weight over 4000 g have been observed. For the period 1993-1994 the rate of large fetus was 2.76%, 0.84% of which were over 4500 g. The second period of delivery was prolonged in 9.7% of all primigravidas. The registered shoulder dystocia and perineal lacerations of the mother were related to increasing birthweight. Difficult deliveries resulting in clavicle fracture or brachial plexus injuries and facial trauma. Fetal distress was observed in 7.14%. Congenital anomalies were not increased in the group of the large fetus. No maternal death was registered. The strict observation of the pregnant for latent diabetes mellitus and anticipation of the potential complications associated with delivery of a large infant may reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity rates and maintain low mortality rates.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Prostaglandin E2--an effective alternative for the induction of labor].

The authors aimed at studying the local application of PgE2 as a method of labor induction. 50 pregnant women divided into 3 groups were studied: I with Prostin E2 - vaginal tablets of 3 mg. Dinoprostone. II with Prepidil gel - 0.5 mg. Dinfprostone, applied intracervically and III with additional stimulation with Oxytocin - 5 E as an i.v. infusion. The criteria used were: parity, gestational age, Bishop score indications for induction. Success is considered as normal delivery by the 24th hour. Indications for PgE2 application are prematurity praeeclampsia, fetal malformations, fetal death, grave obstetrics history, RH incompatibility. It was discovered that with Prostin E2, the active phase of labor is reduced thus leading to reduction of labor. The frequency of operative deliveries also reduced and there were better fetal outcome. Two important advantages were discovered--simple application and physiologic advantages--the woman in labor is mobile and thus not traumatised. The authors stress that PgE2 application can be considered an effective method for labor induction.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1994

[Adolescent pregnancy and the development of pre-eclampsia--eclampsia].

The authors aim to investigate the incidence and severity of pre-eclampsia--eclampsia in adolescent pregnancies (age under 17 years) and to evaluate the outcome of pregnancy and birth in this patients. With this purpose we compare obstetric and neonatal results in 528 adolescents aged between 13 and 17 years with the results of a control group of mothers aged between 20 and 24 years. We used clinical observation, laboratory findings, instrumental diagnostics and scoring systems. Data were computer-processed. Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia was diagnosed in 17 cases (3.22%), with mild forms prevailing (2.46%). Eclampsia developed in 4 pregnant (0.76%)-an incidence differing from that cited in the literature. We are impressed by the outmost severity of eclampsia in the adolescents, with 1 case of fatal outcome. Seven of the newborns were retarded. The most frequent indications to caesarean section were placental ablation and foetal distress syndrome. Operative delivery was performed in 41.18%. One case of foetal antenatal death and one death in the early neonatal period were observed, both in mothers with eclampsia. The authors conclude that the incidence of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in adolescents is lower than in general obstetric population, but if eclampsia develops, it is fulminant and in some cases is fatal for the mother or the foetus. This grave prognosis may be related to inappropriate antenatal care in this patient group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Pregnancy and labor in young girls].

The premature sexual contacts in adolescence are the most important factor for the high rate of teenage pregnancies. The authors were observed 528 pregnancies in adolescent girls (aged 13-17 years) and 100 mothers at their 20-24 years, as a control group. There were significant differences between the education level, ethnic origin and professional status in our populations. We founded in adolescent group anaemia in 13.64%, an overweight in 6.44% and preeclampsia-eclampsia in 3.22%. The rate of premature delivery was higher (17.99%), caesarean section were performed in 5.44% and instrumental extraction was practiced in 1.70% of adolescent girls. Despite an pregnancy and delivery with a normal evolution, the mother-fetal prognoses were complicated from the hard psychoemotional, social and economical problems about these young mothers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[The current treatment of genital endometriosis].

Three therapeutic strategies are available in treating genital endometriosis (GE): medical treatment only, surgical treatment only and a combination of both, i.e. medical and surgical treatment. The author reviews the combined approach to different forms of GE, namely: cervical, ovarian, tubal, adenomyosis, retrocervical, vaginal and perineal. The common problems in decision making are: the age of the patient and her reproductive function, the localization, spread and stage of the lesion, the possible coexisting inflammatory process and its sequellae, the endometrial hyperplasia and the destructive changes of the uterus and ovaries. Hormonal drugs of choice are the anti-gonadotropin danazol and the GnRH analogues. Introduction of argon, CO2 and YAG lasers proved effective in treating certain forms of GE. Therapy results depend on the severity and spread of the process, on resection volume and completeness, on full scale hormonal therapy as well as on rehabilitation. Close follow-up, including ultrasound examination every 3 months, should be provided for immediate detection of possible side effects and complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The role of cardiotocographic study in older primiparae].

The authors aimed to study the significance of cardiotocographic examination (ECTE) for determination of fetal risk in elderly primiparas (EP). Data on NST, one the one hand, and the state of the newborn and perinatal outcome on the other, were, compared for its realization. 207 primiparas were investigated, 73, of whom were EP (35 years). The fetal reactivity and variability of fetal heart frequency (FHF) were evaluated during the performed NST. Semiquantitative evaluation of FHF was also made, in order to improve the quality of NST. FHF score was examined as well. The following inferences were made as a result of the examination: 1. Lacking reactivity of the fetus, variability 5 min beats per min, FHF score--6 points and even curve of NST as a signal for fetal distress were found mainly in EP. 2. These cardiotocographic criteria were encountered in EP with accompanying and worsening the pregnancy diseases and should pray a leading role in determining obstetric management. 3. The performance of ECTE is compulsory in EP.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Antibiotic prevention and treatment in cesarean section].

The aim of the authors ia to study the role of antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean section for prevention of infectious complications during puerperium. 443 deliveries were studied, which took place by cesarean section at the obstetric clinic of the Higher Medical Institute in the town of Pleven for a 2-year period. One antibiotic was administered in 96 women (21.67%) up to the third day, but in 62 women--up to the sixth day (14.00%). Two antibiotics were used is 49 parturients (11.06%) up to the third day, but in 131 women (29.57%) up to the sixth day. The combination of 3 antibiotics, containing a preparation against anaerobic infection, was used in 43 women (9.7%). The most frequent complication--endometritis was observed in 17 of operated women (3.84%), but suppuration of the operative wound--in 8 women (1.81%). After a 6-day prophylaxis with penicillin and gentamycin the frequency of endometritis was higher than that with ampicillin and gentamycin (11.76% against 2.60%). An impression was created that there was not a single case with endometritis and only one case with suppuration among 62 (13.99%) women operated without usage of antibiotics as well as in 145 (32.73%) women with antibiotic therapy up to the third day. All these parturients were with low risk of puerperal infection. Our position is that they do not need antibiotic prophylaxis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Criteria for the antenatal diagnosis of chronic fetal hypoxia in certain forms of high-risk pregnancy].

The author aimed to compared and simultaneously interpret results from cardiotocographic, ultrasound and hormonal studies and to establish objective criteria, showing the degree of antenatal risk for the fetus. She investigated 176 pregnant women with EPH--gestosis, 136 women with chronologically prolonged pregnancy and 50 healthy pregnant women as a control group. Non stress test (NST, functional oxytocin test, quantitative and semiquantitative evaluation of cardiac frequency of the fetus (CFF) were made. Placental structure was examined by an echograph, as well as the amount of amniotic fluid. Fetal biometry was made as well. Total estrogens (TE) were determined in 24-hour diuresis. It was established that the normal curve of NST was a sign of fetal well-being, but that curve combined with deceleration, together with low values of TE, were criteria for reduced compensatory possibilities of the fetus. NST with decelerations in Braxton Hicks contractions, even part greater than 80% and "terminal" or sharply falling values of TE were signs impending fetal death.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Premature sexual activity among girls and an attempt at sex education].

In connection with early sexual activity among juveniles the authors interview 292 girls at the age of 15-18 years in three towns (Sofia, Pleven, Cherven Bryag). Sexual activity is studied in girls as well as their initial information level in taking decision for sexual participation. 38 (13.01) of the girls were sexually experienced as 12 (13.57%) of them had sexual activity more than 2 years. Girls, aged 16 and 17 years, had the highest sexual activity (44.75%). 10 (26.31%) of the sexually active girls had more than 2 partners. 11 (28.95%) of the girls were informed very well, but 4 (10.53%) of them had almost no information. 4 (10.53%) of sexually experienced girls used contraceptives and those were mainly condoms and pills. The necessity of timely sexual education is stressed, taking into consideration that pregnancy is a consequence of early sexual activity at adolescent age.

Adolescent↗