[Comparative study on the effect of administration of vaginal and endocervical prostaglandin E2].
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Administration, Intravaginal↗
Biomedical subjects
S Bozhinova
Publications and source records attributed to S Bozhinova.
[A clinical study of the local contraceptive C-Film Lucchini].
OBJECT: To evaluate the compliance and efficient of C-Film Lucchini. METHODS: 20 sexually active women were treated for the period of 3 months. There were used condoms in 1/3 of the women. It was made a microbiological study to all the patients on the vaginal flora colposcopy and it was controlled their kidney function. RESULTS: During the treatment with C-Film Lucchini 10% of the patients complained about a vaginal discharge 5% of the women have a problem with the application. CONCLUSION: C-Film Lucchini is a high quality and well-tolerated local spermicidal contraceptive with a few side effects. Despite the complaints of the local irritation the tolerance of the C-Film Lucchini is excellent. But the main problem with C-Film Lucchini is need of its insertion the 10-15 minutes before coitus and its application in front of the cervix.
Administration, Intravaginal↗
[A multicenter study of the antimicrobial effect of Macmiror and Macmiror Complex in the treatment of vaginal infections].
UNLABELLED: The aim of the present multicentre study was to examine the therapeutic possibilities of the wide-spectrum medicament MACMIROR & MACMIROR COMPLEX for the treatment of the vaginal infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 159 nonpregnant women among 15 and 54 years (middle age 35.6) with different by kind and intensity colpitis complaints. The following microbiological characteristic was established: in 26 cases Gardnerella vaginalis, in 46 Candida spp., and in the rest 87-mixed aerobic bacterial flora, with a combination of Gardnerella, yeast and Trichomonas. The treatment of the patients was done in combined scheme: peroral and vaginal administration, simultaneously with local treatment of the partner. The control examination was performed bistagely: on 7-10 day and on 30-40 day. RESULTS: The good clinical and microbiological influence of the treated patients was established, for the first control examination the effect was found in 88.1% and 86.8% and for the second--respectively in 81.1% and 82.4%. CONCLUSIONS: The received results give us a cause to approve, that the combination "Nifuratel and Nystatin" (Macmiror & Macmimor complex) has the good possibilities to influence the mixed forms of vaginal infection.
Adolescent↗
[The effect of tobacco smoking on maternal weight gain and the neonatal results].
UNLABELLED: Our aim was to investigate the effects of smoking till term on maternal weight increase and on the foetus after delivery. The study is prospective and includes a group of 238 pregnant smokers consulted at the Antenatal clinics of the 3rd county polyclinic, Pleven. 115 of them smoked regularly until term at least 5 cigarettes weekly (48.32%), while 123 stopped smoking prenatally (45.9%). Utilizing a special test these two groups were compared based on their pre-delivery weight and the weight of their foetuses. RESULTS: The women who stopped smoking increased in weight with 16.6 kgs (SD-14.5), while those who smoked till term thrived with 13.2 kgs (SD-11.7) (Pt 0.001). This greater increase in maternal weight is connected with a 3.1 times more frequent delivery of babies weighing more than 4000 gr. All neonates with LBW were in the group of smokers, as well as those with foetal demise (perinatal deaths = 12.76%. CONCLUSION: In the studied group stoppage of smoking is connected with less risk of inadequate increase of weight, LBW and their foetuses more frequently weigh more than 4000 gr.
Birth Weight↗
[The dynamics of the alpha 1-protease inhibitor and alpha 2-macroglobulin in very-low-birth-weight newborns].
OBJECTIVES: The purpose is to improve the neonatal outcome and to prognosticate the risk for developing respiratory problems. For that reason the serum concentrations of 1-inhibitor of proteolysis (alpha 1-IP) and 2-macroglobuline (alpha 2-M) at very low birth weight infants (< 1500 g) were investigated. STUDY DESIGN: The research is prospective and it is made for the period from January 1st 1995 up to December 31st 1995.17 very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) were the main group and 19 full term babies were the control group. The method of so called 'rocket' immunoelectrophoresis was used (this method was an innovation of D. Nankova [correction of P. Nancova], V. Kamenova, 1990). Blood was taken from babies just after delivery and at 3rd-4th day. Alternative, variantative and graphic analyses were used. RESULTS: The average value of alpha 1-IP for VLBWI was 2.036 g/l (SD +/- 0.44 g/l) for the 1st test and 2.31 g/l (SD +/- 0.41 g/l) for the 2nd test. The average value of the healthy full term babies was 2.055 g/l (SD +/- 0.37 g/l) for both tests. The lowest values of alpha 1-IP (from 0.6 g/l to 1.9 g/l) were in babies with genetic and respiratory problems. The main group had an average value of alpha 2-M 3.44 g/l (SD +/- 0.92 g/l) for the 1st test and a little higher values for the 2nd test -4.99 g/l (SD +/- 0.72 g/l) with significant differences p(t) < 0.0001. The lower levels of alpha 2-M were founded in VLBWI and they were significant for decreased protective reactions against pathologic micro-organisms. CONCLUSIONS: Control of serum concentrations of alpha 1-IP and alpha 2-M are an additional diagnostic and prognostic criterion in VLBWI for developing respiratory problems.
Analysis of Variance↗
[Anticonvulsive therapy in eclampsia--its current status].
Conflicting opinions on the adequate and appropriate anticonvulsive therapy for eclampsia stems from the fact that a lot of unclarity still exists as per the reasons for eclamptic seizures. The authors reviews current data from literature on the problem of anticonvulsive therapy for eclampsia and tries to clarify the uncertainties on the optimal approach for eclamptic seizures. Despite the fact that many neurologists in the U.S. as well as a great number of obstetricians in Europe are now sceptical about the anticonvulsive effect of magnesium sulphate and prefer other anticonvulsive agents, the parenteral application of magnesium is still the principal approach for eclampsia. There is a need however for a new strategy for prophylaxis and therapy of eclampsia. Which will lead to a significant reduction of the fatality rate in cases of grave preeclampsia-eclampsia.
Anticonvulsants↗
[Delivery with epidural analgesia (a preliminary report)].
UNLABELLED: In the last decade delivery by continuous epidural analgesia (CEA) has become a golden standard in most modem perinatal centers. The aim of this study is to find the effect of CEA on the quality of labor, mode of delivery and the condition of mother and fetus after delivery. The study is prospective and includes 15 parturients. CEA was delivered with 0.25% solution of Marcaine. RESULTS: The average age of the parthers was 23 +/- 5.05 years and their body weights 63 +/- 9.82 kg. 13 of the women were nulliparous and 2 multiparous. All were delivered vaginally normally. The average length of the first period of labor was 4 Hours (+/- 3.18 h) and of the second period 20 minutes (+/- 11.06) q which is different from data from current literature. Labor was estimated in the cases with i.v. infusion of oxytocin. Apgar scores of the newborns was 8-10 points. We can conclude that deliveries with CEA are eutocic, shorter and promote and excellent psychoemotional state of the parturients.
Adult↗
[The course of pregnancy and labor in patients with epilepsy].
For a 10-year period we studied the effects of epilepsy on the course of pregnancy, delivery, and perinatal complications among 27 women with epilepsy; 70.37% had epilepsy for 10 years. Before pregnancy, 74.08% of the patients had grand mal seizure. During pregnancy, grand mal characteristics were observed in 14.18% of patients, which mandated better titration of AED therapy. Two thirds of the pregnant women received therapy with carmabazepins and valproate. Delivery was normal in 81.48%, by forceps in 7.41% due to fetal distress, and by cesarean section in 11.11%. In only 1 patient was epilepsy the primary indication for cesarean section. In all cases, perinatal outcome was good and no fetal malformations were noted. We conclude that epilepsy does not lead to any significant complications during pregnancy and delivery except in those with tonic-clonic characteristics, which are difficult to control conservatively.
Anticonvulsants↗
[The significance of the problem of umbilical cord prolapse during delivery].
The authors aimed at studying the significance of cord prolapse in modern obstetrics. 18836 deliveries were studied. These deliveries occurred during a 7 year period (1990-1996) and a rate of cord prolapse of 0.106% was found (1 case in 941.8 deliveries). Cord prolapse was found in 20 deliveries of which 16 were singleton pregnancies and 4 multiple. 7 of the women were nulliparous and 13 multiparous. The majority of patients were of gestational age 38-41 weeks--13 (65.0%) 4 (20.0%) were between 30-37 gestational weeks and 3 (15.0%) were 42 gestational weeks. Of the singleton pregnancies only one fetus was in a transverse lie, 8 were breech presentations and 7 vertex presentations. Delivery was accomplished by cesarean section in 2 (45.0%) cases. Of the 8 breeches 3 were delivered by CS, 4 vaginal manual delivery and one (1) by manual extraction. All multiple pregnancies were delivered vaginally normally. Of the singleton pregnancies only 2 were under 2000 g weight, Perinatal infant mortality rate in this group was 291.67% (7 of 24). Still births were 2 and they occurred intrapartially: one was a vertex presentation after refusal of CS, and the second--after breech extraction (1500 g birth weight). The authors conclude that in order to reduce the rate of cord prolapse indications for CS should be precisely revised for multiple pregnancies breech presentation.
Bulgaria↗
[Epilepsy and pregnancy].
Presented is a case of a 22-year-old pregnant woman in the ninth lunar month of pregnancy and with epilepsy from 10 years of age. The patient had been on therapy with barbiturates and carbamazepines for over ten years. She was hospitalized in the neurology department after having 5 grand mals in one day. After hospitalization she was observed to have Jackson-type feats of the left limbs that later on became generalized. In-between the feats she had left-sided reflector hemiparesis, and EEG data of an epileptic focus in the sensomotor region of the right hemisphere. The CT with contrast medium showed no pathologic changes. Sonography and cardiotocographic studies revealed no gross anomalies of the fetus, and adequate biometric data. Therapy was instituted with carbamazepin 0.200 t.i.d. valproate 0.200 t.i.d. and mannitol i.v. l/kg body weight. On the seventh day of therapy emergency c.s. was performed and a viable fetus weighing 2020 grams and in length 43 cm. was extracted. For three days after the operation the patient was on artificial ventilation. She was discharged on the twentieth day in a relatively good state and on maintenance therapy. The authors believe that the effect of pregnancy on epilepsy cannot always be foreseen. A precise titration of anticonvulsants to necessary for optimal control of epileptic feats during pregnancy.
Adult↗
[A breech delivery and induction with prostaglandin E2].
Induction of labour with local application of PgE2 in breech presentation is still a much discussed problem. We aimed at studying the effect of local application of PgE2 (Prostin E2--3 mg) vaginal tablets for induction of labour in breech presentation. 15 pregnancies were studied and induced--8 for postdate, 6 for prae-eclampsia and 1 for fetal demise. Sonographic biometry and cardiotocographic examinations were conducted as well as a precise bishop score. Labour began within the interval of 3-13 hours after the application on the first tablet. The length of delivery was 4-24 hours. Effective labour was instituted in 93.33% on the parturiens, while in 1 (6.67%) there was a need for augmentation with oxytocin. There were no cases of hyperstimulation. Vaginal delivery was accomplished in 100% of the patients among which the breech was delivered with the classical manoeuvre in 10 cases and by the Bracht manoeuvre in 5 cases. Our results show, despite is small case number, that with favourable pelvic scores and absence of cephalopelvic disproportion and fetal distress PgE2 induction can be done locally even for breech presentation.
Breech Presentation↗
[The effect of spinal analgesia on the hemodynamic indices in cesarean section].
We studied systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse frequency (P.F) and mean blood pressure (MBP) among 30 pregnant women in 39.5 +/- 0.3 gestational weeks of pregnancy, age 23 +/- 0.9 years, height 162.0 +/- 1.4 cm and weight 75.5 +/- 2.55 kg. The above indices were studied dynamically in the Ist, 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 12th and 15th minute from the onset of the analgesia. We founded that SBP an DBP in the 7th min (the time for spinal block) were lowest. PF and MBP also decreased significantly in the 7th minute in comparison to the inmal values. We can conclude that the haemodynamic indices of the pregnant woman decrease wrong initiation of spinal analgesia for c.s., but remain in the region of normal reference values.
Adolescent↗
[The Materna preparation as an agent for iron prophylaxis and treatment in pregnancy disorders].
Quality proteins, salts and minerals are necessary for the well development of the foetus and the pregnant woman, one of the ways of supplementing or supplying these is via multivitamins. One of these is Materna, a preparation of 21 vitamins, minerals in a well-balanced formula. We used Materna for ferroprophylaxis during pregnancy recorded ist effects on the subjective feelings of the patients. This type of prophylaxis was used on 46 patients divided into 3 groups depending on the gestational week, in which the prophylaxis was commenced. We measured hemoglobin, hematocrit and serum iron concentration before++, during and after ingestion of Materna. We found a good effect of the preparation on the subjective feelings of the patients and also an effective ferroprophylaxis. We also discovered that for an effective ferroprophylaxis a long and intermittent use of the preparation is necessary in all and not some pregnancies. The authors believe that pending the current conditions in our country supplementary therapy with preparations such as Materna is essential.
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
[The plasma concentrations of thiocyanates, estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin (Prl) in women smokers].
By the help of biochemical methods we examined the plasma concentrations of thiocyanate during the placental period of the delivery both in mothers and the umbilical vein of the newborn babies. Using radiological methods we simultaneously examined the levels of E2, FSH, and Prl. The results suggest high correlation, between the plasma levels of thiocyanate both and newborn babies. We observed a low positive correlation, conserving the concentration of thiocyanates in mothers and E2 and Prl. There was a negative correlation, concerning the plasma FSH. We also observed similar interrelations in the blood examinations of the umbilical vein of the newborns. To define the level of intoxication of women smokers during gestation it is recommended to define plasma concentration of thiocyanates which influence specifically the production of E2, FSH, and Prl.
Estradiol↗
[The perinatal outcome in adolescents with eclampsia and the HELLP syndrome].
Nineteen adolescent patients with eclampsia were studied in the course of 6 years. In 68% of the cases eclampsia (E) occurred antepartum, in 5% intrapartum. Maternal mortality was 52.65% (one patient with HELLP syndrome). Serious maternal morbidity included disseminated intravascular coagulations (10.52%), abruptio placentae (15.8%), pulmonary edema (5.26%) and acute renal failure (5.26%). Abruptio placentae was strongly correlated with the development of disseminated intravascular coagulation (p 0.0001), acute renal failure (p 0.001) and pulmonary edema (p 0.001). Eclampsia and HELLP syndrome were the most dangerous complications in adolescent pregnancies. They are associated with a serious maternal morbidity, especially when it arises in the postpartum period.
Adolescent↗
[Pregnancy and labor in congenital and acquired pelvic injuries].
The authors have studied the evolution of the pregnancy and delivery in 48 women with deformations of the pelvis, who have given birth at the Medical University, Pleven, for a period of 5 years. Luxatio coxae congenita (L. C. C.) has been found in 38 pregnant women, fractured pelvis in 7 cases, secondarily deformed in 2 cases and obliquely contracted in 1 case. The presents of such a limitation has been found in 7 cases (14.58%). Data for fetal hypoxia by cardiotocography have been observed in 2 cases (4.17%), which has served as an additional indication for caesarean section (s. c.). Those having luxation pelvis have had a vaginal delivery in 23 (60.53%), and in 15 (39.47%) cases by c. s. 6 out 7 women with fractured pelvis delivered by c. s. The higher rate of c. s. is more evident in fractured and deformed pelves, while in luxation and especially in the bilateral L. C. C. only 13 have operated.
Adolescent↗
[The use of the Norcolut preparation in gynecologic; practice].
The author's aim is to study the therapeutical possibilities and the side effects of Norkolut preparation, produced by the Pharmaceutical Plant Gedeon Richter-Budapest. Norkolut is a peroral gestagen containing 5 mg noretisteron in 1 tablet. The study included 40 women, age 17 to 52 who had been administered the preparation from 1 to 6 menstrual cycles--total 162. The main indications for its application were: climacteric bleeding with proved cystic hyperplasia, irregular menstrual cycles, myoma uteri cum metrorrhagia, perimenopause hormone replacement therapy, adenomyosis. The recorded effect of the preparation was very good with little side effects (7.5%). The author's conclusion is that Norkolut is quite suitable to be used in the everyday gynaecological practice in the treatment of the dysfunctional uterus bleeding, irregular menstrual cycles, in the hormone replacement therapy during menopause and for decreasing the complaints in adenomyosis.
Adolescent↗
[Risk factors for premature rupture of the amniotic sac and neonatal sepsis].
The aim of the study is to assess risk factors, who act directly or indirectly and mechanisms for PROM and neonatal sepsis. There has been examined 74 pregnant women and their newborn 38 infants was with proved neonatal sepsis. There has been established combination from factors for PROM (mechanical--88.4%, infectious--77.8%, and other factors--63.4%).
Adult↗