Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Bhargava.
We report a child with bladder hemangioma, which is a very rare benign vascular tumor. Postvoid excretory urography and ultrasound of the bladder demonstrated the lesions. The merits and demerits of various imaging modalities and the possible role of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are also discussed.
Manifestations of cysticercosis in 11 children (mean age 9.5 years) are presented. Features of raised intracranial pressure dominated the clinical picture (10 cases), followed by seizures (7 cases). Subretinal cysts occurred in three children. Focal signs were infrequent and often not attributable to anatomical lesions. Electro-encephalograms were invariably abnormal, but did not help to localize lesions. Plain roentgenograms of the skull showed sutural diastasis in the majority. Computerized tomography revealed white matter oedema with throttled ventricles in 6 patients and single localized lesions in 3 others. None had hydrocephalus. Histopathology and indirect haemagglutination test aided diagnosis in 6 cases. Two children recovered completely, one after surgical excision of a parietal lobe cyst and the other following praziquantel therapy. Half of the remaining patients improved spontaneously.
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Hemolysates from adults with the alpha-thalassemia-1 haplotype due to the greater than 17.5-kb deletion of both alpha-globin genes from the same chromosome were found to contain embryonic zeta (zeta)-globin chains (alpha-globin-like chains), as determined by a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay and an electrophoretic technique. zeta-Globin chains were not present in hemolysates from adults with deletion of a single alpha-globin gene from one or both chromosomes. These results indicate that zeta-globin chains, which can be assayed by immunologic techniques, can serve as markers for the alpha-thalassemia-1 haplotype due to the greater than 17.5-kb deletion. The ability to detect zeta-globin chains may be useful in populations in which the gene frequency of the greater than 17.5-kb deletion is high, for screening couples at risk of having offspring with homozygous alpha-thalassemia.
Over a period of 3 years, 68 intrahepatic abscesses in 48 patients were detected by ultrasonography at our institution in New Delhi, India. Our experiences with the sonography and management of this entity are presented. Multiple abscesses were present in 14 patients; the rest had a single abscess. The most common location was the right lobe of the liver. The sonographic morphology of the abscess was analyzed in terms of the echo pattern of the wall and contents of the abscess. These were later correlated with the duration of illness. An attempt was made to assess healing and thereby the age of the abscess. Follow-up ultrasound scans indicated that the change in sonographic appearance lags behind clinical improvement by a considerable period of time.
Four cases of anal agenesis with rectobulbar fistula, a rare type of anorectal anomaly, are described along with the preferred mode of radiological investigation to demonstrate the fistula.
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Computerized tomography (CT) provides a non-invasive method for making a reasonably confident diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis and an opportunity to study the response to treatment. Using this facility a series of 50 patients with intracranial tuberculomas, whose vision or life was not threatened by severe intracranial hypertension, were treated with antituberculosis chemotherapy. Most of the small and medium sized lesions resolved completely. Central liquefaction was observed in one case while only three failed to respond to treatment, there was one death. Three illustrative cases have been reported in detail.
Ten cases of mucocoele of the para-nasal sinuses are reported. Plain X-ray findings were suggestive of the diagnosis in all cases. CT revealed a well defined homogeneous mass, isodense with brain, with expansion of the para-nasal sinuses and extension of the mass into the orbit or parasellar area in eight cases. Surgical confirmation was obtained in all cases.
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Out of 243 children with bronchial asthma, 107 children (44%) were found to have perennial asthma. These children were studied to determine the incidence of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in Indian children. Clinical and radiologic evaluations, skin testing, and precipitin studies with Aspergillus fumigatus antigen, and total IgE level estimations were done. Fifteen percent of children had four or more of the criteria, and were considered to have ABPA.
Fifty-one North Indian patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are described with mean age of onset 21.2 years and male to female ratio of 16:1. AS began with peripheral arthritis in 47%, low back pain in 41%, acute anterior uveitis in 10%, and heel pain in 2% of the patients. 76% of 51 patients had one of the extra-axial features of AS: peripheral arthritis (61%), heel pain (24%), anterior uveitis (22%), urethritis (12%), kidney disease (10%), mucosal ulcerations (6%), aortic incompetence (4%), and apical pulmonary fibrosis (4%). A majority (71%) of the patients with peripheral arthritis had mono- or oligoarthritis affecting mainly the lower limb joints. Two patients had coexistent rheumatoid arthritis also. HLA-B27 antigen was detected in 48 (94%) of 51 patients compared with 7 (6%) of 118 controls (relative risk 254; Fisher's exact p = 3.49(-29]. On comparing patients with juvenile onset AS and patients with adult onset disease we found peripheral arthritis to be more frequent at the beginning and during the course of disease in the former.
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