Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Baum

Publications and source records attributed to S Baum.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Delivery time in a decentralized pharmacy system without satellites.

The time required for pharmacy to deliver medications to the nursing unit under centralized and decentralized unit dose drug distribution (without satellites) systems was compared. Routing slips were attached to physicians' drug orders generated at a surgical nursing unit. Under the centralized system, the ward clerk sent the order to the pharmacy via pneumatic tube; the pharmacist received the order, transcribed it, and prepared the medication; and supportive personnel delivered the drug to the nursing station. The time required to perform each step was recorded on the routing slip for a five-week period. Under the decentralized system, the ward clerk placed the physicians' orders in the pharmacy box on the nursing unit. The pharmacist picked up the orders, filled them from a decentralized master medication cart, and placed the drug in the nurses' medication cart. Time required to complete the medication process was significantly less under the decentralized system than under the centralized system (54.15 +/- 42.82 versus 83.80 +/- 48.16; p less than 0.05).

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Chronic hepatitis in chimpanzee carriers of hepatitis B virus: morphologic, immunologic, and viral DNA studies.

Years after infection with hepatitis B virus, chimpanzees may have manifestations of the carrier state as described in man. In addition to serologic evidence for persistent viral infection, percutaneous liver biopsy specimens showed hepatitis B virus surface antigen in the cytoplasm and hepatitis B virus core antigen in the nucleus. Four carrier animals had portal inflammatory reaction as seen in human chronic persistent hepatitis. Viral DNA was demonstrated in nucleic acid extracts of liver biopsy specimens by molecular hybridization to cloned plasmic pA01 containing hepatitis B virus DNA sequences. Although a viral molecule of length greater than the putative virus was identified, it did not appear to represent integration of viral DNA into the host genome. The chimpanzee model may serve as a means to study the mechanism of hepatitis B viral persistence and progression to chronic liver disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Radionuclide blood flow studies before and after gelfoam embolization of intracranial meningiomas.

Radionuclide blood flow studies were employed to evaluate the success or failure of preoperative Gelfoam embolization in two patients with intracranial meningiomas. In both cases, the initial radionuclide blood flow study showed tumor visualization during the arterial phase. Immediately following the embolization procedure, the radionuclide blood flow study showed no visualization of the meningioma during the arterial phase, indicating a successful embolization procedure in preparation for removal of the tumor in a relatively bloodless field.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗
PubMed1979

Radionuclide pulmonary arteriography.

Radionuclide pulmonary arteriography offers a unique method for visualizing the main pulmonary artery and its major branches. Since the radioactive particles that are injected intravenously become lodged in the pulmonary capillaries and pre-capillary arterioles, there is no interference from the systemic circulation. Normally, the main pulmonary artery is visualized for no longer than 4 or 6 seconds; prolongation of the duration of visualization may be indicative of, for example, pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary embolism. The patency of the left and right pulmonary arteries may be determined and sites of occlusion identified.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Cimetidine administration resulting in improved pertechnetate imaging of Meckel's diverticulum.

Administration of cimetidine prior to pertechnetate imaging in two patients with Meckel's diverticulum resulted in demonstrating the abnormality with unusual clarity. This is presumed due to the cimetidine-mediated retention of pertechnetate in the gastric mucosa. Pertechnetate imaging in two normal subjects with and without cimetidine administration disclosed a marked difference in retention of the radionuclide in the gastric mucosa and its subsequent transit into the intestinal tract. Pertechnetate imaging in conjunction with cimetidine administration appears to result in markedly improved identification of Meckel's diverticulum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The effect of vasopressin on hepatic arterial blood flow.

Vasopressin was successively infused into the hepatic and superior mesenteric arteries and a systemic vein, and its levels monitored by blood samples drawn from the portal and hepatic veins and a systemic vein. Blood flow was monitored in the hepatic and superior mesenteric arteries and in the ascending aorta. Hepatic blood flow was inversely correlated with mesenteric blood flow, rising about 50% above baseline levels during hepatic and systemic artery infusions and 96% during superior mesenteric artery infusion. Hepatic artery and systemic vein infusions caused a reduction in mesenteric flow about 20% less than that caused by direct superior mesenteric artery infusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Scintigraphic detection of acute gastrointestinal bleeding.

In induced bleeding experiments on dogs, 99mTc-sulfur colloid was a suitable agent for detecting the bleeding site in the small intestine, providing that the site was distant from the liver and spleen. Bleeding sites were detectable at rates as low as 0.1 ml/min. When induced in the sigmoid or descending colon, the site was demonstrated by scintigraphy with 99mTc-sulfur colloid. Unsatisfactory images were obtained in the esophagus and stomach, however, when 131I-ortho-iodohippurate or 99mTc-DTPA was used.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Angiodysplasia of the right colon: a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding.

Thirty-four patients with intermittent lower gastrointestinal bleeding were diagnosed angiographically as having angiodysplasia of the cecum and right colon. Repeated barium and endoscopic examinations were negative. Right colectomy was performed on 17 patients, who were followed postoperatively for up to 7 years. Of these, four patients rebled, two of whom had angiographic evidence of related lesions involving other parts of the colon and terminal ileum. Silicone rubber injection and tissue-clearing techniques on the specimens have facilitated the pathologic identification of these lesions. Histologically, they are dilated submucosal veins and arteries associated with areas of overlying mucosal thinning and occasional ulcerations. Although the pathogenesis of the lesion is unknown, we think they are acquired rather than congenital and result from chronic submucosal arteriovenous shunting secondary to mucosal ischemia. Of the 34 patients, 17 had a history of cardiac disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Pitfalls in the angiographic management of hemorrhage: hemodynamic considerations.

Selective arterial infusions of vasopressin have often been successful in controlling arterial bleeding. When bleeding occurs in an area with a dual blood supply through a vascular arcade, situations may arise which can compromise angiographic management. These include: (1) artifacts caused by pressure injections of contrast material inaccurately depicting the usual distribution of blood flow in the arcade; (2) catheter-induced vasospasm altering the flow dynamics through the arcade; (3) vasopressin-induced constriction of the proximal portion of an arcade changing the origin of blood flow to the distal arcade; and (4) proximal occlusion of one limb of an arcade permitting continuation of bleeding through collateral channels. When angiographic techniques fail to control bleeding because of these circumstances, hemostasis may be achieved by treating both limbs of the vascular arcade.

Angiography↗
PubMed1976

Aneurysms secondary to pancreatitis.

In a review of arteriograms of 72 unselected consecutive cases of pancreatitis, seven patients were found to have arterial aneurysms involving branches of the peripancreatic vessels. During the same period, arteriograms of 84 cases of carcinoma of the pancreas were reviewed and no aneurysms of any of these vessels were found. The demonstration of aneurysms of the peripancreatic arteries in pancreatitis is an important differential feature from carcinoma of the pancreas. Both carcinoma of the pancreas and chronic pancreatitis can cause encasement of the arterial vessels and obstruction of the splenic or the superior mesenteric vein, therefore resulting in a similar angiographic appearance. Thus an aneurysm seen in such a patient is a helpful distinguishing feature. In addition, these aneurysms are an important source of hemorrhage and mortality in pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Comparison of 125I fibrinogen count scanning with phlebography for detection of venous thrombi after elective hip surgery.

A comparison was made of 125I fibrinogen count scanning and phlebography in 142 limbs of 83 patients without known prior deep venous thrombosis who underwent total hip replacement. A localized accumulation of fibrinogen located away from the hip wound represented a fresh thrombus in 25 of 29 cases (86 per cent). However, of all the fresh thrombi demonstrated by phlebography, the fibrinogen scan detected only approximately 50 per cent. Major reasons for failure to detect thrombi were the presence of the wound and the small size of some thrombi. In defining whether or not fresh venous thrombosis was present in a given patient, the scan was accurate in three quarters of the cases. We conclude that fibrinogen scanning is a useful examination in patients after elective hip surgery, but less accurate than previously reported.

Fibrinogen↗
PubMed1975

Mesenteric arterial infusions of vasopressin for hemorrhage from colonic diverticulosis.

Twenty-four patients with massive rectal hemorrhage and known or subsequently proved colonic diverticular disease had the bleeding site localized by mesenteric angiography and received intra-arterial infusion of vasopressin to arrest the bleeding. In twenty-two patients the bleeding was controlled with the vasopressin infusion whereas in the remaining two, hemorrhage did not stop and surgery was performed. Of the twenty-two patients in whom bleeding was arrested by vasopressin infusion, twelve received no further surgical therapy, five had elective prophylactic surgical resection after a period of hemostasis, and the remaining five underwent segmental resection for bleeding that recurred after cessation of the infusion. Of the twelve patients who were not operated on, three had rebleeding two, four, and twelve months after vasopressin infusion and two of these three patients required surgery. The remaining nine have had no recurrent bleeding for periods ranging from seven to thirty-four months. Of ten patients who had segmental resection after precise localization of the bleeding site and initial control with vasopressin, no one has had recurrent hemorrhage for periods ranging from two to eighteen months.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Angiographic management of bleeding secondary to genitourinary tract surgery.

Angiographic methods were applied to control bleeding in 2 patients following genitourinary tract operations. In 1 patient hemorrhage into the prostatic bed after needle biopsy of the prostate was controlled with embolic occlusion of branches of the hypogastric arteries. In the second patient bleeding from the ileum following ileal loop cutaneous diversion was controlled with the infusion of vasopressin into the superior mesenteric artery. Therefore, angiography offers an attractive alternative to an operation in the management of postoperative hemmorrhage from the genitourinary tract.

Aged↗