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Biomedical subjects

S Baum

Publications and source records attributed to S Baum.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Percutaneous transhepatic electrohydraulic lithotripsy.

Calculi can be fragmented by hydraulic shock waves generated by an electrical discharge across the tip of a coaxial electrode. After testing a device by using this technique in the biliary trees of dogs, the authors fragmented a large common bile duct stone in a patient through a percutaneous transhepatic approach. The fragmentation allowed nonsurgical drainage of the obstructed duct.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Proton relaxation enhancement in tissue due to ingested manganese chloride: time course and dose response in the rat.

MnCl2, a potential NMR contrast agent, was force fed by cannula to 27 fasted rats in an attempt to establish the efficacy of this route of administration. The animals were sacrificed and the relaxation times (T1 and T2) of liver, spleen, kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle were determined in vitro. One group of rats was subject to a range of doses (8.3-333.3 mg/kg) and sacrificed at 90 minutes. Another group received a single large dose (500 mg/kg) with animals sacrificed at intervals from 15-225 minutes. The single large dose caused a rapid and prolonged reduction in liver T1 (-93% of normal) and to a lesser degree affected the other organs. The dose response data shows that liver T1 is also affected at significantly lower dosages than the other tissues tested. These results suggest the oral route as a possible alternative to IV Mn+2. Further studies with inorganic and organic manganese are indicated.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

NMR imaging of the chest at 0.12 T: initial clinical experience with a resistive magnet.

The chests of 40 subjects were imaged with an experimental nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imager operating at a magnetic field of 0.12 T. There were six normal volunteers and 34 patients with abnormalities affecting different areas, including the chest wall, pleura, hila, mediastinum, and lung parenchyma, and including benign and malignant processes. In this initial clinical experience, NMR imaging provided useful information on the presence and extent of disease by its ability to distinguish different tissues and by the excellent demonstration of vascular structures.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

NMR imaging of the abdomen at 0.12 T: initial clinical experience with a resistive magnet.

Forty-five patients with a variety of abdominal abnormalities and five normal volunteers were imaged on a 0.12 T resistive nuclear magnetic resonance system. Scans were obtained with saturation-recovery technique and short repetition times. The images reflected both proton density and T1 information. A variety of neoplastic and nonneoplastic disease processes involving the abdomen were imaged. Results suggest that clinically useful images clearly may be obtained at 0.12 T. In addition, saturation-recovery imaging with short repetition rates can detect a wide range of abdominal abnormalities.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Angiography and the gastrointestinal bleeder.

The role of angiography in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage is discussed. Three categories of gastrointestinal bleeding are considered: upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to gastroesophageal varices, upper gastrointestinal bleeding of arterial or capillary origin, and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. The advantages and disadvantages of angiography are compared with those of radionuclide scanning and endoscopy or colonoscopy. It is anticipated that, as radionuclide scans are more widely employed, angiography will eventually be performed only in those patients with positive scans.

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

Malignant external otitis: long-term (months) antimicrobial therapy.

Since Chandler's initial report in 1968 on "malignant external otitis" (MEO), this entity has been recognized in its earlier stages with increasing frequency. As a result of this, the availability of new antimicrobial agents, and the judicious use of surgery, there has been an improvement in the results of therapy. There remains, however, a subgroup of patients who continue to experience a significant mortality from this infection. A review and selected discussion of our experience with MEO from 1976 to 1979 is presented. Six patients have been diagnosed and successfully treated for MEO. They presented with problems ranging from severe otalgia to multiple cranial neuropathy. For the most part, therapy consisted of the now standard aminoglycoside and carbenicillin combination. Two of the patients were in the high mortality risk group. One of these patients developed an osteomyelitis which extended across the skull base resulting in bilateral cranial neuropathies. His therapy included surgery as well as long-term (months) outpatient treatment with tobramycin and carbenicillin with an excellent result. The second patient was treated similarly. The efficacy of this approach is discussed as well as the usefulness of radionuclide bone scanning in assessing the course and therapy of patients with MEO.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Fracture of the clavicle following radical neck dissection and postoperative radiotherapy: a case report and review of the literature.

The treatment of head and neck cancer with radiotherapy and radical neck dissection has many recognized complications. Radiotherapy in therapeutic doses can produce devascularization and weakening of bone. Radical neck dissection results in altered mechanics of the shoulder girdle and a disruption of normally balanced forces acting on the clavicle. An unusual case of clavicle fracture which is considered to have resulted from an interaction of the effects of these therapies is discussed. An approach for recognizing and distinguishing this entity by its time course, and radiographic and nuclide bone scan appearance is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Intervention in psychosocial decompensation of the elderly in poor neighbourhoods in Jerusalem.

In learning to understand the particular problems of old age, in focusing our attention on losses and decompensation, we developed an approach which was concrete and situational rather than (life-long) developmental. In most cases, brief crisis-orientated interventions were sufficient to reduce symptomatology and restore the patient to a healthier level of functioning. Such interventions involved not only the psychogeriatric team but other health and social agencies as well. More so than in other fields of psychiatry, psychogeriatrics concerns itself with a wide spectrum of psychosocial factors; thus the integration of the pyschogeriatric unit into the existing network of community services becomes and important concern.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Pertechnetate imaging following cimetidine administration in Meckel's diverticulum of the ileum.

The demonstration of secretory gastric mucosa in Meckel's diverticulum of the ileum in patients undergoing radionuclide imaging with 99mTc sodium pertechnetate is greatly improved with the prior administration of cimetidine. This results in enhanced accumulation of pertechnetate in the gastric mucosa along with reduced excretion of the radionuclide into the gastric lumen and, consequently, less intestinal radioactivity.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1981

[Data from a study of variations of arterial pressure during exercise in boys aged 11 to 16].

Systolic, diastolic BP and heart rate were measured in 106 boys aged between 11 and 16 years old, at rest and during exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The results show: -- at rest: an increase in systolic and diastolic BP with age, and a decrease in heart rate; -- during exercise: an increase in systolic BP without an increase, or with a decrease in diastolic BP. The blood pressure readings were higher in overweight and post pubertal subjects. The value of this study lies in the high number of reproducible readings obtained and in the suppression of the effects of emotivity. It completes the observations made at rest in subjects suspected of having hypertension.

Age Factors↗