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Biomedical subjects

S B Mallory

Publications and source records attributed to S B Mallory.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Diaper dermatitis. How to treat and prevent.

Dampness, maceration, fecal enzymes, chemicals, and other irritants lead to diaper dermatitis in infants. Most cases can be cleared with frequent diaper changes, use of superabsorbent disposable diapers (which contain gelling material in their core), and a low-potency topical corticosteroid. If the eruption lasts for more than 3 days or classic erythematous satellite lesions are present, addition of an antifungal agent should help resolve the condition. Recalcitrant or clinically atypical eruptions may signify rarer disorders, such as psoriasis, Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, Leiner's disease, or acrodermatitis enteropathica. Patients with these conditions should be referred to a dermatologist, if possible, for further evaluation and treatment.

Acrodermatitis↗
PubMed1995

Cowden syndrome (multiple hamartoma syndrome).

Cowden syndrome (multiple hamartoma syndrome) is characterized by multiple facial papules, gingival papillomas, acral keratoses, and other hamartomatous lesions. There is a high incidence of breast and thyroid carcinoma. Recognition of this syndrome may lead to the early diagnosis of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Laser photocoagulation of superficial proliferating hemangiomas.

Hemangiomas present at, or soon after birth, proliferate and eventually involute. In spite of this, children may suffer severe psychosocial trauma during the formative years of their lives, and, in a proportion of cases, a cosmetically unacceptable result is left at the end of involution. Since flashlamp pumped dye lasers have been shown to selectively destroy ectatic dermal vascular tissue through intact epidermis, 6 patients with very early superficial cutaneous hemangiomas were treated. All treated areas resolved completely and treatment was completed by 12 months. No complications were encountered apart from mild, temporary post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation which was seen in one patient. This, however, resolved completely within 3 months of treatment. Flashlamp pumped dye lasers are thus able to effect complete resolution of very superficial proliferating cutaneous hemangiomas in neonates and infants without the risk of scarring.

Arm↗
PubMed1993

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis in a neonate.

A newborn black boy had two facial blisters at birth that progressed to bullous lesions over the trunk, genitals, extremities, and oral and tracheal mucosa. A biopsy specimen demonstrated a subepidermal bulla with mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic, inflammatory infiltrate. Direct immunofluorescence showed linear IgA, IgG, and C3 depositions along the basement membrane zone, consistent with a diagnosis of childhood linear IgA bullous dermatosis (chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood). The skin disease was controlled with combined prednisone and dapsone. This is the youngest reported patient with the disease. Linear IgA bullous dermatosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of blistering diseases of the newborn, and immunofluorescence should be performed on a skin biopsy specimen.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1993

What syndrome is this? Sjögren-Larsson syndrome.

Sjögren-Larsson syndrome is an inborn error of metabolism with its primary clinical manifestations being congenital ichthyosis, spastic hemiplegia or quadriplegia, and moderate to severe mental retardation. Definitive diagnosis can be made by measuring fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in cultured skin fibroblasts. Treatment of dermatologic manifestations is best accomplished with topical emollients and frequent bathing or showering. Some evidence supports medium-chain triglyceride diets and oral retinoids. These modalities, however, remain controversial.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Topical lidocaine for anesthesia in patients undergoing pulsed dye laser treatment for vascular malformations.

Pulsed dye laser treatment of vascular malformations is moderately painful. Twenty-five percent lidocaine in 70% dimethyl sulfoxide-ethanol was used to achieve anesthesia in patients undergoing the procedure. Thirteen of 14 patients had some degree of anesthesia (average of 51%) ranging from 10% to 100%, with 8 of them experiencing good results (> 50% anesthesia). Diminishment of pain was assessed by comparison of laser therapy on lidocaine-treated versus untreated sites within the vascular malformation using verbal and visual analog scales. In vitro permeation demonstrated good absorption of lidocaine, peaking at one hour. Permeation of lidocaine was significantly greater then that observed from acid mantle cream or EMLA. Topical lidocaine at 25% concentration in dimethyl sulfoxide 70% was well tolerated and had no side effects except transient mild erythema.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1992

Osteoma cutis as a presenting sign of pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Four unrelated children with osteoma cutis and Albright hereditary osteodystrophy (pseudohypoparathyroidism and pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism) are described. All four patients were normocalcemic when they were first seen with cutaneous ossification. A diagnosis of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy was established on the basis of associated somatic features, radiographic abnormalities, and family history. Progression to pseudohypoparathyroidism was documented in two children who developed hypocalcemia at 2 and 3 years of age, respectively. Early recognition of the skin manifestations of this syndrome and careful follow-up are important to prevent the deleterious effects of hypocalcemia. Osteoma cutis is a common sign of Albright hereditary osteodystrophy in infancy and childhood, and its significance should not be overlooked, even in the normocalcemic patient.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Azithromycin compared with cephalexin in the treatment of skin and skin structure infections.

This randomized, third-party-blinded study compared short-course therapy of once-daily azithromycin (500 mg on day 1, followed by 250 mg/day on days 2-5) with cephalexin (500 mg twice daily for 10 days) in the treatment of patients with skin and skin structure infections. At 25 centers, a total of 361 patients were entered into the study and 148 were evaluable for efficacy. The main causative pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, were responsible for approximately two thirds of the infections in the two treatment groups. Clinical cure and improvement rates for the two treatments were comparable; 99% with azithromycin and 96% with cephalexin. On completion of therapy, both treatments had eradicated approximately 98% of pathogens. In general, both agents were well-tolerated. The results of this study show that a 5-day course of once-daily treatment with azithromycin is as effective as a 10-day course of twice-daily treatment with cephalexin in the management of skin and skin structure infections.

Adolescent↗